Java JDBC Thin Driver 连接 Oracle 三种方法

 

今天学了 Java JDBC Thin Driver 连接 Oracle 三种方法,共享下

一.JDBC 连接Oracle 说明

 JDBC 的应用连接Oracle 遇到问题,错误如下:

ORA-12505,TNS:listener does not currently know of SID given in connect descriptor TheConnection descriptor used by the client was。

 

我在DB 层面配置了静态注册,并且GLOBAL_DBNAME和SID_NAME 不一样,以往的配置都是一样的,所以没有发现这个问题。

 

   (SID_DESC =

     (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dave)

         (ORACLE_HOME =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

     (SID_NAME = NEWCCS)

    )

 

 

Oracle Listener 动态注册 与 静态注册

http://blog.csdn.net/tianlesoftware/article/details/5543166

 

在网上google 了一下,发现JDBC Thin Driver 的formats 有三种格式:

 

格式一:  Oracle JDBC Thin using a ServiceName: 

jdbc:oracle:thin:@//<host>:<port>/<service_name> 
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:@//192.168.2.1:1521/XE

 

注意这里的格式,@后面有//, 这是与使用SID的主要区别。

这种格式是Oracle 推荐的格式,因为对于集群来说,每个节点的SID 是不一样的,但是SERVICE_NAME 确可以包含所有节点。

 

格式二: Oracle JDBC Thin using an SID: 

jdbc:oracle:thin:@<host>:<port>:<SID> 
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:192.168.2.1:1521:X01A 

Note: Support for SID is being phased out. Oracle recommends that users switch over to usingservice names.

 

 

格式三:Oracle JDBC Thin using a TNSName: 

jdbc:oracle:thin:@<TNSName> 
Example: jdbc:oracle:thin:@GL 

Note: 
Support for TNSNames was added in the driver release 10.2.0.1

 

 

 

二.测试

 

2.1 准备工作:

 

Oracle 是11gR2

 

Listener.ora

SID_LIST_LISTENER =

 (SID_LIST =

   (SID_DESC =

     (GLOBAL_DBNAME = dave)

         (ORACLE_HOME =D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1)

     (SID_NAME = NEWCCS)

    )

  )

 

Tnsnames.ora

DVD =

 (DESCRIPTION =

   (ADDRESS_LIST =

     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 127.0.0.1)(PORT = 1521))

    )

   (CONNECT_DATA =

     (SERVICE_NAME = dave)

    )

  )

 

2.3 使用 service_name:dave

将2.2 节的dbUrl 改成如下:

String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@//127.0.0.1:1521/dave";

 

输出结果:

MGMT_VIEW--97

ANQING--94

DVD--93

SYSMAN--95

 

如果在11g里遇到如下错误:

测试运行Java 类,报错:

java.sql.SQLException: The Network Adapter could not establish the connection

 

可以尝试更换对应的 jdbc connection driver,官网的说明如下:

 

JDBC Thin Driver 11g Causes"Java.Sql.Sqlexception: Io Exception: The Network Adapter Could NotEstablish The Connection" While Connecting to Oracle Database 11g [ID947653.1]

 

Change the JDBC connection driver class inyour application server from:

oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver

to

oracle.jdbc.OracleDriver

 

 

2.4 使用TNS name: dvd

String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@dvd";

 

报错如下:

java.sql.SQLException: Unknown host specified

 

该问题是因为JVM 没有oracle.net.tns_admin的system property。 解决方法有2种:

 

方法一:在启动VM 时添加如下参数:

-Doracle.net.tns_admin=D:\app\Administrator\product\11.2.0\dbhome_1\NETWORK\ADMIN
Java JDBC Thin Driver 连接 Oracle 三种方法_第1张图片


方法二:在java 代码里添加:

System.setProperty("oracle.net.tns_admin","D:\\app\\Administrator\\product\\11.2.0\\dbhome_1\\NETWORK\\ADMIN");

 

添加之后,就可以正常在JDBC中使用tnsnama了。

 

 

 

2.2 测试1,使用SID:newccs
 
[java] view plaincopy

import java.sql.*;  
   
public class jdbc {  
    String dbUrl = "jdbc:oracle:thin:@127.0.0.1:1521:newccs";  
    String theUser = "dave";  
    String thePw = "dave";  
    Connection c = null;  
    Statement conn;  
    ResultSet rs = null;  
   
    public jdbc() {  
       try {  
           Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();  
           c = DriverManager.getConnection(dbUrl, theUser, thePw);  
           conn = c.createStatement();  
       } catch (Exception e) {  
           e.printStackTrace();  
       }  
    }  
   
    public boolean executeUpdate(String sql) {  
       try {  
           conn.executeUpdate(sql);  
           return true;  
       } catch (SQLException e) {  
           e.printStackTrace();  
           return false;  
       }  
    }  
   
    public ResultSet executeQuery(String sql) {  
       rs = null;  
       try {  
           rs = conn.executeQuery(sql);  
       } catch (SQLException e) {  
           e.printStackTrace();  
       }  
       return rs;  
    }  
   
    public void close() {  
       try {  
           conn.close();  
           c.close();  
       } catch (Exception e) {  
           e.printStackTrace();  
       }  
    }  
   
    public static void main(String[] args) {  
       ResultSet rs;  
       jdbc conn = new jdbc();  
       rs = conn.executeQuery("select * from dave where rownum<5");  
       try {  
           while (rs.next()) {  
              System.out.println(rs.getString("username")+"--"+rs.getString("user_id"));  
           }  
       } catch (Exception e) {  
           e.printStackTrace();  
       }  
    }  
}  
   
---输出正常:  
MGMT_VIEW--97  
ANQING--94  
DVD--93  
SYSMAN--95  

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