编写不易，转载请注明（http://shihlei.iteye.com/blog/2081676）！
概述
搭建hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 单机环境，伪分布式，完全分布式
一单机模式安装
在单机模式中，HBase使用本地文件系统，而不是HDFS ，所有的服务和zooKeeper都运作在一个JVM中。zookeep监听一个端口，这样客户端就可以连接HBase了。
（一）程序包
#HBase
export HBASE_HOME=/home/puppet/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1
export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bashrc
3.修改配置文件：（可选）vi $HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<!--hbase data dir,默认： /tmp/hbase-${user.name}-->
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>file:///home/puppet/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/data/hbase</value>
</property>
<property>
<!--zookeeper data write dir，默认：/tmp/hbase-${user.name}-->
<name>hbase.zookeeper.property.dataDir</name>
<value>/home/puppet/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/data/zookeeper</value>
</property>
</configuration>
4.启动：start-hbase.sh
5.验证：
（1）进程：jps
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[puppet@BigData-01 ~]$ jps
24632 HMaster
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（2）zookeeper端口：netstat -an | grep 2181
（3）shell：hbase shell
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[puppet@BigData-01 ~]$ hbase shell
2014-06-17 00:09:02,272 INFO [main] Configuration.deprecation: hadoop.native.lib is deprecated. Instead, use io.native.lib.available
HBase Shell; enter 'help<RETURN>' for list of supported commands.
Type "exit<RETURN>" to leave the HBase Shell
Version 0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1, rUnknown, Tue May 6 13:25:58 PDT 2014
hbase(main):001:0> status
1 servers, 0 dead, 3.0000 average load
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可以在shell中进行操作：
<a> 表操作：
建表：create '表名' , '列族名'
查看表：discrib '表名'
删除表：drop '表名'
<b>单元操作：
插入：put '表名' , 'row key ' , '列族名:列限定符' , 'value'
删除：delete '表名' , 'row key ' , '列族名:列限定符'
查询：get 坐标
例如：get '表名' , 'rowkey'
（4）页面：
6）停止：stop-hbase.sh
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二 伪分布式安装
在为分布式模式中，具有HMaster,HRegionServer进程独立运行，可用于测试，本次搭建独立Zookeeper ，HBase使用 HDFS存储。
（一）规划
1）程序包版本：
2） 计划运行进程：
（二）准备：
1）HDFS 伪分布式安装： 可参考《Hadoop-2.3.0-cdh5.0.1单机搭建、伪分布式 ...》
2）Zookeeper单机安装：可参考《Zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.0.1 单机模式、副本 ...》
3）解压：tar -xvf hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1.tar.gz
4）配置环境变量：vi ~/.bashrc
#HBase export HBASE_HOME=/home/puppet/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 export PATH=$PATH:$HBASE_HOME/bin
source ~/.bashrc
5）修改$HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh
export JAVA_HOME="/usr/runtime/java/jdk1.7.0_60" #//此配置信息，设置由hbase自己管理zookeeper，不需要单独的zookeeper。 export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=false
6）修改$HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-site.xml
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://CentOS-StandAlone:8020/hbase</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>CentOS-StandAlone</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
</configuration>
7）启动：
注：
8）验证：
（1）进程：jps
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[zero@CentOS-StandAlone bin]$ jps
18470 DataNode
19503 HMaster
18419 NameNode
19656 Jps
15499 QuorumPeerMain
19067 HRegionServer
19306 HMaster
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注：其他验证同单机模式
附录：
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================================================================================
三 完全分布式安装
HBase完全分布式环境搭建，基于CDH5 HDFS NameNode HA ，独立的Zookeeper集群 3台，双HMaster避免单点问题。
（一）规划
1）程序包版本：
2）主机规划：
| IP |
Host |
部署模块 |
进程 |
| 8.8.8.11 |
Hadoop-NN-01 |
NameNode HMaster |
NameNode DFSZKFailoverController HMaster |
| 8.8.8.12 |
Hadoop-NN-02 |
NameNode HMaster |
NameNode DFSZKFailoverController HMaster |
| 8.8.8.13 |
Hadoop-DN-01 Zookeeper-01 |
DataNode HRegionServer Zookeeper |
DataNode HRegionServer JournalNode QuorumPeerMain |
| 8.8.8.14 |
Hadoop-DN-02 Zookeeper-02 |
DataNode HRegionServer Zookeeper |
DataNode HRegionServer JournalNode QuorumPeerMain |
| 8.8.8.15 |
Hadoop-DN-03 |
DataNode HRegionServer Zookeeper |
DataNode HRegionServer JournalNode QuorumPeerMain |
（二）安装：
1）安装Zookeeper 集群：可参考《Zookeeper-3.4.5-cdh5.0.1 单机模式、副本 ...》
2）安装完全分布式HDFS：可参考《Hadoop-2.3.0-cdh5.0.1完全分布式环境搭建 ...》
3）配置互信：配置Zookeeper使用的值Zookeeper-01，Zookeeper-02，Zookeeper-03 使用启动脚本时会要求互信，干脆直接配置好了
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub zero@Zookeeper-01
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub zero@Zookeeper-02
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub zero@Zookeeper-03
4）修改$HBASE_HOME/conf/hbase-env.sh 添加如下：
export JAVA_HOME="/usr/runtime/java/jdk1.7.0_60" #设置是否使用独立Zookeeper，true为使用独立的Zookeeper export HBASE_MANAGES_ZK=true #HBase Options #export HBASE_OPTS=""
<configuration>
<property>
<name>hbase.cluster.distributed</name>
<value>true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.rootdir</name>
<value>hdfs://mycluster/hbase</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>hbase.zookeeper.quorum</name>
<value>Zookeeper-01:2181,Zookeeper-02:2181,Zookeeper-03:2181</value>
</property>
<!--本地存储目录位于本地文件系统的路径-->
<property>
<name>hbase.local.dir</name>
<value>/home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/data/local</value>
</property>
</configuration> 6）编辑regionservers
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 conf]$ vi regionservers
Hadoop-DN-01
Hadoop-DN-02
Hadoop-DN-03
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7）分发程序
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 conf]$ scp -r hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 zero@Hadoop-NN-02:/home/zero/hbase 100% 39 0.0KB/s 00:00
[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 conf]$ scp -r hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 zero@Hadoop-DN-01:/home/zero/hbase 100% 39 0.0KB/s 00:00
[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 conf]$ scp -r hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 zero@Hadoop-DN-02:/home/zero/hbase 100% 39 0.0KB/s 00:00
[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 conf]$ scp -r hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1 zero@Hadoop-DN-03:/home/zero/hbase
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8）启动
8.8.8.11：启动集群
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 hbase]$ start-hbase.sh
Zookeeper-03: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-zookeeper-CentOS-Cluster-05.out
Zookeeper-02: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-zookeeper-CentOS-Cluster-04.out
Zookeeper-01: starting zookeeper, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-zookeeper-CentOS-Cluster-03.out
starting master, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-master-CentOS-Cluster-01.out
Hadoop-DN-03: starting regionserver, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-regionserver-CentOS-Cluster-05.out
Hadoop-DN-01: starting regionserver, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-regionserver-CentOS-Cluster-03.out
Hadoop-DN-02: starting regionserver, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-regionserver-CentOS-Cluster-04.out
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8.8.8.12：启动备HMaster
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-02 conf]$ hbase-daemon.sh start master
starting master, logging to /home/zero/hbase/hbase-0.96.1.1-cdh5.0.1/logs/hbase-zero-master-CentOS-Cluster-02.out
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9）验证：
进程：
[8.8.8.11,8.8.8.12]：
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-01 hbase]$ jps
7454 NameNode
18491 HMaster
18594 Jps
7729 DFSZKFailoverController
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[8.8.8.13,8.8.8.14,8.8.8.15]：
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[zero@CentOS-Cluster-03 ~]$ jps
5228 JournalNode
11125 Jps
5137 DataNode
11055 HRegionServer
2514 QuorumPeerMain
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页面
HBase：
HDFS：
附录：停止
8.8.8.11：stop-hbase.sh
8.8.8.12：hbase-daemon.sh stop master