1. Java 与 FFMPEG
FFMPEG 是一个广泛用于媒体处理的库,在Java的世界里,处理视频的能力相当弱,于是有很大需求需要Java 调用 FFMPEG。
Java 调用C 的方式有很多,可以用最原始的JNI方式,也可以JNA方式,还可以是命令行。
采用命令行的方式比较简单,不过有很大局限性,尤其是涉及到 视频的处理和分析的时候,比如要取出某个packet,然后进行处理。
这里介绍的是用JavaCPP 调用 ffmpeg 库的方式,而不是命令行模式。
JavaCPP的源码在这里:https://github.com/bytedeco/javacpp
基于JavaCPP的项目
1)JavaCV,是做图形图像的,有人脸识别、增强现实AR 等开源算法,非常不错
项目主页是:https://github.com/bytedeco/javacv
2)JavaAV 封装了FFMPEG的java 接口
项目主页:https://github.com/hoary/JavaAV
2. JavaCPP Presets
为了方便使用,JavaCPP下面有个presets项目,主页是 https://github.com/bytedeco/javacpp-presets,将一些常用的项目都编译好了以方便使用。
集成的项目包括:
• OpenCV 2.4.9 http://opencv.org/downloads.html
• FFmpeg 2.3.x http://ffmpeg.org/download.html
• FlyCapture 2.6.x http://ww2.ptgrey.com/sdk/flycap
• libdc1394 2.1.x or 2.2.x http://sourceforge.net/projects/libdc1394/files/
• libfreenect 0.5 https://github.com/OpenKinect/libfreenect
• videoInput 0.200 https://github.com/ofTheo/videoInput/tree/update2013
• ARToolKitPlus 2.3.0 https://launchpad.net/artoolkitplus
• flandmark 1.07 http://cmp.felk.cvut.cz/~uricamic/flandmark/#download
• FFTW 3.3.4 http://www.fftw.org/download.html
• GSL 1.16 http://www.gnu.org/software/gsl/#downloading
• LLVM 3.4.2 http://llvm.org/releases/download.html
• Leptonica 1.71 http://www.leptonica.org/download.html
• Tesseract 3.03-rc1 https://code.google.com/p/tesseract-ocr/
包含的平台有: android-arm, android-x86, linux-x86, linux-x86_64, macosx-x86_64, windows-x86, windows-x86_64,
但需要注意:这里的 linux-x86_64 是 基于Fedora 平台的,无法在 CentOS下使用。
3. 在CentOS下编译
1)安装JDK
2)安装 apache-maven 2/3
3) 安装 gcc,gcc+,gcc-c++,yasm
yum -y install yasm gcc+ gcc-c++
4) 获取源码
git clone http://github.com/bytedeco/javacpp-presets
5) 编译 ffmpeg
cd javacpp-presets/
./cppbuild.sh -platform linux-x86_64 install ffmpeg
6) 编译 jni 和 相关jar
mvn install --projects ffmpeg
7) 编译完成后,会在 ffmpeg 的lib上生成相关 .so ,javacpp-presets/targets 下生成相关的jar
4. 测试
1) 将相关的 .so 复制到 /lib64 目录下,或者通过 -Djava.library.path 指定到.so 所在目录
2) 拷贝一个实例用来测试,
- public class Tutorial01 {
- static void SaveFrame(AVFrame pFrame, int width, int height, int iFrame)
- throws IOException {
- // Open file
- OutputStream stream = new FileOutputStream("frame" + iFrame + ".ppm");
- // Write header
- stream.write(("P6\n" + width + " " + height + "\n255\n").getBytes());
- // Write pixel data
- BytePointer data = pFrame.data(0);
- byte[] bytes = new byte[width * 3];
- int l = pFrame.linesize(0);
- for (int y = 0; y < height; y++) {
- data.position(y * l).get(bytes);
- stream.write(bytes);
- }
- // Close file
- stream.close();
- }
- public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
- AVFormatContext pFormatCtx = new AVFormatContext(null);
- int i, videoStream;
- AVCodecContext pCodecCtx = null;
- AVCodec pCodec = null;
- AVFrame pFrame = null;
- AVFrame pFrameRGB = null;
- AVPacket packet = new AVPacket();
- int[] frameFinished = new int[1];
- int numBytes;
- BytePointer buffer = null;
- AVDictionary optionsDict = null;
- SwsContext sws_ctx = null;
- if (args.length < 1) {
- args = new String[] { "/root/test.ts" };
- // System.out.println("Please provide a movie file");
- // System.exit(-1);
- }
- // Register all formats and codecs
- av_register_all();
- // Open video file
- if (avformat_open_input(pFormatCtx, args[0], null, null) != 0) {
- System.exit(-1); // Couldn't open file
- }
- // Retrieve stream information
- if (avformat_find_stream_info(pFormatCtx, (PointerPointer) null) < 0) {
- System.exit(-1); // Couldn't find stream information
- }
- // Dump information about file onto standard error
- av_dump_format(pFormatCtx, 0, args[0], 0);
- // Find the first video stream
- videoStream = -1;
- for (i = 0; i < pFormatCtx.nb_streams(); i++) {
- if (pFormatCtx.streams(i).codec().codec_type() == AVMEDIA_TYPE_VIDEO) {
- videoStream = i;
- break;
- }
- }
- if (videoStream == -1) {
- System.exit(-1); // Didn't find a video stream
- }
- // Get a pointer to the codec context for the video stream
- pCodecCtx = pFormatCtx.streams(videoStream).codec();
- // Find the decoder for the video stream
- pCodec = avcodec_find_decoder(pCodecCtx.codec_id());
- if (pCodec == null) {
- System.err.println("Unsupported codec!");
- System.exit(-1); // Codec not found
- }
- // Open codec
- if (avcodec_open2(pCodecCtx, pCodec, optionsDict) < 0) {
- System.exit(-1); // Could not open codec
- }
- // Allocate video frame
- pFrame = av_frame_alloc();
- // Allocate an AVFrame structure
- pFrameRGB = av_frame_alloc();
- if (pFrameRGB == null) {
- System.exit(-1);
- }
- // Determine required buffer size and allocate buffer
- numBytes = avpicture_get_size(AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, pCodecCtx.width(),
- pCodecCtx.height());
- buffer = new BytePointer(av_malloc(numBytes));
- sws_ctx = sws_getContext(pCodecCtx.width(), pCodecCtx.height(),
- pCodecCtx.pix_fmt(), pCodecCtx.width(), pCodecCtx.height(),
- AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24, SWS_BILINEAR, null, null,
- (DoublePointer) null);
- // Assign appropriate parts of buffer to image planes in pFrameRGB
- // Note that pFrameRGB is an AVFrame, but AVFrame is a superset
- // of AVPicture
- avpicture_fill(new AVPicture(pFrameRGB), buffer, AV_PIX_FMT_RGB24,
- pCodecCtx.width(), pCodecCtx.height());
- // Read frames and save first five frames to disk
- i = 0;
- while (av_read_frame(pFormatCtx, packet) >= 0) {
- // Is this a packet from the video stream?
- if (packet.stream_index() == videoStream) {
- // Decode video frame
- avcodec_decode_video2(pCodecCtx, pFrame, frameFinished, packet);
- // Did we get a video frame?
- if (frameFinished[0] != 0) {
- // Convert the image from its native format to RGB
- sws_scale(sws_ctx, pFrame.data(), pFrame.linesize(), 0,
- pCodecCtx.height(), pFrameRGB.data(),
- pFrameRGB.linesize());
- // Save the frame to disk
- if (++i <= 5) {
- SaveFrame(pFrameRGB, pCodecCtx.width(),
- pCodecCtx.height(), i);
- }
- }
- }
- // Free the packet that was allocated by av_read_frame
- av_free_packet(packet);
- }
- // Free the RGB image
- av_free(buffer);
- av_free(pFrameRGB);
- // Free the YUV frame
- av_free(pFrame);
- // Close the codec
- avcodec_close(pCodecCtx);
- // Close the video file
- avformat_close_input(pFormatCtx);
- System.exit(0);
- }
- }
4)运行实例,得到输出结果:
Input #0, mpegts, from '/root/test.ts':
Duration: 00:03:20.02, start: 0.056778, bitrate: 1455 kb/s
Program 1
Metadata:
service_name : jVideo
service_provider: jTeam
Stream #0:0[0x100]: Video: h264 (High) ([27][0][0][0] / 0x001B), yuv420p, 960x540 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], 25 fps, 25 tbr, 90k tbn, 50 tbc
Stream #0:1[0x101]: Audio: aac ([15][0][0][0] / 0x000F), 44100 Hz, stereo, fltp, 66 kb/s