SpringMVC+Hibernate+Spring 简单的一个整合实例

SpringMVC又一个漂亮的web框架，他与Struts2并驾齐驱，Struts出世早而占据了一定优势，我在博客《Struts1+Hibernate+Spring整合实例》中做了一个简单的实例，介绍了SSH1的基本搭建方式，Struts2是根据Struts1发展而来，博客中就没有贴SSH2的例子，只对比了下Struts1和Struts2异同，通过对比，SSH2的搭建基本不在话下了。下面同样做一个简单的应用实例，介绍SpringMVC的基本用法，接下来的博客也将梳理一下Struts2和SpringMVC的一些异同，通过梳理和旧知识的联系，让学习的成本变低，花很短的时间就可以了解一门貌似新的技术，其实本质没变。

下面开始实例，这个实例的需求是对用户信息进行增删改查。首先创建一个web项目test_ssh，目录结构及需要的Jar包如下图：

创建一个User实体类，放在Entity包下，采用注解的方式：

package com.tgb.entity;

import javax.persistence.Column;
import javax.persistence.Entity;
import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;
import javax.persistence.Id;
import javax.persistence.Table;

import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;

@Entity
@Table(name="T_USER")
public class User {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")
    @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid")
    @Column(length=32)
    private String id;

    @Column(length=32)
    private String userName;

    @Column(length=32)
    private String age;

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(String id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getUserName() {
        return userName;
    }

    public void setUserName(String userName) {
        this.userName = userName;
    }

    public String getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public void setAge(String age) {
        this.age = age;
    }

}

本篇关于SpringMVC基本都会采用注解的方式，首先配置好数据源以及事务spring-common.xml，放在config.spring包下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <!-- 配置数据源 -->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test_ssh"></property>
        <property name="username" value="root"></property>
        <property name="password" value="1"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置SessionFactory -->
    <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
        <property name="hibernateProperties">
            <props>
                <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>
                <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
        <property name="annotatedClasses">
            <list>
                <value>com.tgb.entity.User</value>
            </list>
        </property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置一个事务管理器 -->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>
    </bean>

    <!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 -->
    <bean id="transactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">
        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>
        <property name="transactionAttributes">
            <props>
                <prop key="add*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-Exception</prop>
                <prop key="modify*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED,-myException</prop>
                <prop key="del*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
                <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED</prop>
            </props>
        </property>
    </bean>
</beans>

然后配置关于SpringMVC的内容，下面配置中都有注释说明，就不再赘述，spring-mvc.xml放在config.spring包下：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd">

    <!-- 注解扫描包 -->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.tgb" />

    <!-- 开启注解 -->
    <mvc:annotation-driven />

    <!-- 静态资源(js/image)的访问 -->
    <mvc:resources location="/js/" mapping="/js/**"/>

    <!-- 定义视图解析器 -->
    <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/"></property>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

完成这些共用的配置之后，来配置web项目起点web.xml：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" id="WebApp_ID" version="2.5">
  <display-name>json_test</display-name>
  <welcome-file-list>
    <welcome-file>login.jsp</welcome-file>
  </welcome-file-list>

  <!-- 加载所有的配置文件 -->
  <context-param>
    <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
    <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>

  <!-- 配置Spring监听 -->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>

  <!-- 配置SpringMVC -->
  <servlet>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath*:config/spring/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
  <servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>springMVC</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>

  <!-- 配置字符集 -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>encoding</param-name>
        <param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
        <param-name>forceEncoding</param-name>
        <param-value>true</param-value>
    </init-param>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>

  <!-- 配置Session -->
  <filter>
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
    <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>
  </filter>
  <filter-mapping>
    <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
  </filter-mapping>
</web-app>

读者需自行下载jquery包，放到webContent文件夹下的js包下。然后创建几个测试页面，分别如下：

Login.jsp，项目的入口界面。

[html]  view plain copy

1. <h5><a href="/test_ssh/user/getAllUser">进入用户管理页</a></h5>  

Index.jsp，用户管理的主界面

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function del(id){
        $.get("/test_ssh/user/delUser?id=" + id,function(data){
            if("success" == data.result){
                alert("删除成功");
                window.location.reload();
            }else{
                alert("删除失败");
            }
        });
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <h6><a href="/test_ssh/user/toAddUser">添加用户</a></h6>
    <table border="1">
        <tbody>
            <tr>
                <th>姓名</th>
                <th>年龄</th>
                <th>操作</th>
            </tr>
            <c:if test="${!empty userList }">
                <c:forEach items="${userList }" var="user">
                    <tr>
                        <td>${user.userName }</td>
                        <td>${user.age }</td>
                        <td>
                            <a href="/test_ssh/user/getUser?id=${user.id }">编辑</a>
                            <a href="javascript:del('${user.id }')">删除</a>
                        </td>
                    </tr>
                </c:forEach>
            </c:if>
        </tbody>
    </table>
</body>
</html>

addUser.jsp，添加用户界面

 

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
<script type="text/javascript">
    function addUser(){
        var form = document.forms[0];
        form.action = "/test_ssh/user/addUser";
        form.method="post";
        form.submit();
    }
</script>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>添加用户</h1>
    <form action="" name="userForm">
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName">
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age">
        <input type="button" value="添加" onclick="addUser()">
    </form>
</body>
</html>

 

editUser.jsp，修改用户信息界面。

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib prefix="c" uri="http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<script type="text/javascript" src="../js/jquery-1.7.1.js"></script>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
    <h1>编辑用户</h1>
    <form action="/test_ssh/user/updateUser" name="userForm" method="post">
        <input type="hidden" name="id" value="${user.id }">
        姓名：<input type="text" name="userName" value="${user.userName }">
        年龄：<input type="text" name="age" value="${user.age }">
        <input type="submit" value="编辑" >
    </form>
</body>
</html>

还有success.jsp和error.jsp页面，无代码，就不再展示。

框架越来越多，越来越好用，但随之而来的繁杂的、各成体系的配置怎么办？项目大了感觉注解靠谱些。

 

这篇接着上篇，把没贴完的代码写完，上篇主要完成了一些公共配置和界面的东西，这篇把后台的代码完成。

首先是web包下属于的control层的类UserController，这相当于Struts中的Action，是重要的类：

package com.tgb.web;

import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.PrintWriter;

import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;

import com.tgb.entity.User;
import com.tgb.manager.UserManager;

@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {

    @Resource(name="userManager")
    private UserManager userManager;

    @RequestMapping("/getAllUser")
    public String getAllUser(HttpServletRequest request){

        request.setAttribute("userList", userManager.getAllUser());

        return "/index";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/getUser")
    public String getUser(String id,HttpServletRequest request){

        request.setAttribute("user", userManager.getUser(id));

        return "/editUser";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/toAddUser")
    public String toAddUser(){
        return "/addUser";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/addUser")
    public String addUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){

        userManager.addUser(user);

        return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
    }

    @RequestMapping("/delUser")
    public void delUser(String id,HttpServletResponse response){

        String result = "{\"result\":\"error\"}";

        if(userManager.delUser(id)){
            result = "{\"result\":\"success\"}";
        }

        response.setContentType("application/json");

        try {
            PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
            out.write(result);
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }

    @RequestMapping("/updateUser")
    public String updateUser(User user,HttpServletRequest request){

        if(userManager.updateUser(user)){
            user = userManager.getUser(user.getId());
            request.setAttribute("user", user);
            return "redirect:/user/getAllUser";
        }else{
            return "/error";
        }
    }
}

然后是属于manager包下的业务逻辑类，接口UserManager：

package com.tgb.manager;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.entity.User;

public interface UserManager {

    public User getUser(String id);

    public List<User> getAllUser();

    public void addUser(User user);

    public boolean delUser(String id);

    public boolean updateUser(User user);
}

实现类UserManagerImpl：

package com.tgb.manager;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.dao.UserDao;
import com.tgb.entity.User;

public class UserManagerImpl implements UserManager {

    private UserDao userDao;

    public void setUserDao(UserDao userDao) {
        this.userDao = userDao;
    }

    @Override
    public User getUser(String id) {
        return userDao.getUser(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> getAllUser() {
        return userDao.getAllUser();
    }

    @Override
    public void addUser(User user) {
        userDao.addUser(user);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean delUser(String id) {

        return userDao.delUser(id);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean updateUser(User user) {
        return userDao.updateUser(user);
    }

}

最后是属于dao包底下的DAO层，主要由Hibernate完成。接口UserDao：

package com.tgb.dao;

import java.util.List;

import com.tgb.entity.User;

public interface UserDao {

    public User getUser(String id);

    public List<User> getAllUser();

    public void addUser(User user);

    public boolean delUser(String id);

    public boolean updateUser(User user);
}

实现类UserDaoImpl：

package com.tgb.dao;

import java.util.List;

import org.hibernate.Query;
import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;

import com.tgb.entity.User;

public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {

    private SessionFactory sessionFactory;

    public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {
        this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;
    }

    @Override
    public User getUser(String id) {

        String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
        query.setString(0, id);

        return (User)query.uniqueResult();
    }

    @Override
    public List<User> getAllUser() {

        String hql = "from User";
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);

        return query.list();
    }

    @Override
    public void addUser(User user) {
        sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean delUser(String id) {

        String hql = "delete User u where u.id = ?";
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
        query.setString(0, id);

        return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);
    }

    @Override
    public boolean updateUser(User user) {

        String hql = "update User u set u.userName = ?,u.age=? where u.id = ?";
        Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);
        query.setString(0, user.getUserName());
        query.setString(1, user.getAge());
        query.setString(2, user.getId());

        return (query.executeUpdate() > 0);
    }

}

最后外加一个配置spring-beans.xml，放在config.spring包下，负责为各层依赖注入需要的对象：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd">

    <bean id="userDao" class="com.tgb.dao.UserDaoImpl">
        <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>
    </bean>

    <bean id="userManagerBase" class="com.tgb.manager.UserManagerImpl">
        <property name="userDao" ref="userDao"></property>
    </bean>

    <!-- 此处为代理 -->
    <bean name="userManager" parent="transactionProxy">
        <property name="target" ref="userManagerBase"></property>
    </bean>
</beans>

到此为止，所有的配置和代码完成，部署—运行，运行结果如下图：

这个小实例结束，下篇将对SpringMVC和Struts2做一个对比。