QR码的使用越来越多，可以在很多地方见着，比如火车票、推广产品上等，以下将介绍如何用Java生成QR码以及解码QR码。
1、涉及开源项目：
ZXing :一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。---用来解码QRcode
d-project:Kazuhiko Arase的个人项目(他具体是谁不清楚，日本的)，提供丰富的配置参数，非常灵活---用来生成QR code
2、效果图：
3、使用d-project生成QRcdoe
1）将com.d_project.qrcode.jar引入工程
2）QRcodeAction代码：
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public
void
generate(RequestContext rc)
throws
UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException, ServletException {
//待转数据
//输出图片类型
String output = rc.param(
"output"
,
"image/jpeg"
);
int
type = rc.param(
"type"
,
4
);
if
(type <
0
||
10
< type) {
return
;
}
int
margin = rc.param(
"margin"
,
10
);
if
(margin <
0
||
32
< margin) {
return
;
}
int
cellSize = rc.param(
"size"
,
4
);
if
(cellSize <
1
||
4
< cellSize) {
return
;
}
int
errorCorrectLevel =
0
;
try
{
errorCorrectLevel = parseErrorCorrectLevel(rc,
rc.param(
"error"
,
"H"
));
}
catch
(Exception e) {
return
;
}
com.d_project.qrcode.QRCode qrcode =
null
;
try
{
qrcode = getQRCode(data, type, errorCorrectLevel);
}
catch
(Exception e) {
return
;
}
if
(
"image/jpeg"
.equals(output)) {
BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType(
"image/jpeg"
);
OutputStream out =
new
BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try
{
ImageIO.write(image,
"jpeg"
, out);
}
finally
{
out.close();
}
}
else
if
(
"image/png"
.equals(output)) {
BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType(
"image/png"
);
OutputStream out =
new
BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try
{
ImageIO.write(image,
"png"
, out);
}
finally
{
out.close();
}
}
else
if
(
"image/gif"
.equals(output)) {
GIFImage image = createGIFImage(qrcode, cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType(
"image/gif"
);
OutputStream out =
new
BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try
{
image.write(out);
}
finally
{
out.close();
}
}
else
{
return
;
}
}
private
static
int
parseErrorCorrectLevel(RequestContext rc, String ecl) {
if
(
"L"
.equals(ecl)) {
return
ErrorCorrectLevel.L;
}
else
if
(
"Q"
.equals(ecl)) {
return
ErrorCorrectLevel.Q;
}
else
if
(
"M"
.equals(ecl)) {
return
ErrorCorrectLevel.M;
}
else
if
(
"H"
.equals(ecl)) {
return
ErrorCorrectLevel.H;
}
else
{
throw
rc.error(
"qr_error_correct_error"
);
}
}
private
static
QRCode getQRCode(String text,
int
typeNumber,
int
errorCorrectLevel)
throws
IllegalArgumentException {
if
(typeNumber ==
0
) {
return
QRCode.getMinimumQRCode(text, errorCorrectLevel);
}
else
{
QRCode qr =
new
QRCode();
qr.setTypeNumber(typeNumber);
qr.setErrorCorrectLevel(errorCorrectLevel);
qr.addData(text);
qr.make();
return
qr;
}
}
private
static
GIFImage createGIFImage(QRCode qrcode,
int
cellSize,
int
margin)
throws
IOException {
int
imageSize = qrcode.getModuleCount() * cellSize + margin *
2
;
GIFImage image =
new
GIFImage(imageSize, imageSize);
for
(
int
y =
0
; y < imageSize; y++) {
for
(
int
x =
0
; x < imageSize; x++) {
if
(margin <= x && x < imageSize - margin && margin <= y
&& y < imageSize - margin) {
int
col = (x - margin) / cellSize;
int
row = (y - margin) / cellSize;
if
(qrcode.isDark(row, col)) {
image.setPixel(x, y,
0
);
}
else
{
image.setPixel(x, y,
1
);
}
}
else
{
image.setPixel(x, y,
1
);
}
}
}
return
image;
}
|
3）前端页面：
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<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#submit").click(function(){
var url = "/action/qrcode/generate?" + $("#qrcode_form").serialize();
$(".QRCodeDiv img").attr("src",url+"&"+new Date().getTime());
$("#gen_url").attr("href",url);
});
$("#zxing").popover({
'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',
'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',
'placement':'bottom'
});
});
</
script
>
<
div
id
=
"mainContent"
class
=
"wrapper"
>
<
div
class
=
"toolName"
>在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<
a
id
=
"zxing"
href
=
"http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing"
>ZXing</
a
>与<
a
href
=
"http://www.d-project.com/"
>d-project</
a
><
a
data-toggle
=
"modal"
href
=
"#advice"
style
=
"float:right;text-decoration:none;"
><
span
class
=
"badge badge-important"
><
i
class
=
"icon-envelope icon-white"
></
i
> Feedback</
span
></
a
></
div
>
<
div
class
=
"toolUsing clearfix"
>
<
div
class
=
"toolsTab clearfix"
>
<
ul
class
=
"nav nav-tabs"
>
<
li
class
=
"active"
><
a
href
=
"/qr"
>转QR码</
a
></
li
>
<
li
><
a
href
=
"/qr?type=2"
>二维码解码</
a
></
li
>
</
ul
>
<
div
class
=
"clear"
></
div
>
</
div
>
<
form
id
=
"qrcode_form"
method
=
"post"
>
<
div
class
=
"leftBar"
>
<
div
class
=
"title"
>URL或其他文本:</
div
>
<
textarea
class
=
"input-xlarge"
name
=
"data"
onfocus
=
"if(this.value=='http://osctools.net/qr'){this.value='';};this.select();"
onblur
=
"(this.value=='')?this.value='http://osctools.net/qr':this.value;"
>http://osctools.net/qr</
textarea
>
</
div
>
<
div
class
=
"operateLR"
>
<
div
class
=
"OptDetail span1"
>
<
label
>输出格式:</
label
>
<
select
name
=
"output"
class
=
"span1"
>
<
option
value
=
"image/gif"
selected>GIF</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"image/jpeg"
>JPEG</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"image/png"
>PNG</
option
>
</
select
>
<
label
>纠错级别:</
label
>
<
select
name
=
"error"
class
=
"span1"
>
<
option
value
=
"L"
selected>L 7%</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"M"
>M 15%</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"Q"
>Q 25%</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"H"
>H 30%</
option
>
</
select
>
<
label
>类型:</
label
>
<
select
name
=
"type"
class
=
"span1"
>
<
option
value
=
"0"
>自动</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"1"
>1</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"2"
>2</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"3"
>3</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"4"
>4</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"5"
>5</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"6"
>6</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"7"
>7</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"8"
>8</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"9"
>9</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"10"
>10</
option
>
</
select
>
<
label
>边缘留白:</
label
>
<
select
name
=
"margin"
class
=
"span1"
>
<
option
value
=
"0"
>0</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"1"
>1</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"2"
>2</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"3"
>3</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"4"
>4</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"5"
>5</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"6"
>6</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"7"
>7</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"8"
>8</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"9"
>9</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"10"
>10</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"11"
>11</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"12"
>12</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"13"
>13</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"14"
>14</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"15"
>15</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"16"
>16</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"17"
>17</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"18"
>18</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"19"
>19</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"20"
>20</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"21"
>21</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"22"
>22</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"23"
>23</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"24"
>24</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"25"
>25</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"26"
>26</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"27"
>27</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"28"
>28</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"29"
>29</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"30"
>30</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"31"
>31</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"32"
>32</
option
>
</
select
>
<
label
>原胞大小:</
label
>
<
select
name
=
"size"
class
=
"span1"
>
<
option
value
=
"1"
>1</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"2"
>2</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"3"
>3</
option
>
<
option
value
=
"4"
selected >4</
option
>
</
select
>
<
button
class
=
"btn btn-small btn-primary"
id
=
"submit"
onclick
=
"return false;"
>生成QR码</
button
> </
div
>
</
div
>
<
div
class
=
"rightBar"
>
<
div
class
=
"title"
>QR码：</
div
>
<
div
class
=
"QRCodeDiv"
>
<
div
class
=
"QRWrapper"
>
<
a
id
=
"gen_url"
href
=
"/action/qrcode/generate?size=4"
target
=
"_blank"
><
img
src
=
"/action/qrcode/generate?size=4"
/></
a
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
</
form
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
|
4、使用ZXing解码QRcode
1）下载Zxing-2.0.zip
2）引入zxing-barcode_core.jar与zxing_barcode_j2se.jar到工程
3）QRcodeAction代码：
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|
@PostMethod
@JSONOutputEnabled
public
void
decode(RequestContext rc)
throws
IOException {
//存在qrcode的网址
String url = rc.param(
"url"
,
""
);
//待解码的qrcdoe图像
File img = rc.file(
"qrcode"
);
if
(StringUtils.isBlank(url) && img ==
null
) {
throw
rc.error(
"qr_upload_or_url_null"
);
}
List<Result> results =
new
ArrayList<Result>();
Config config =
new
Config();
Inputs inputs =
new
Inputs();
config.setHints(buildHints(config));
if
(StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
addArgumentToInputs(url, config, inputs);
}
if
(img !=
null
) {
inputs.addInput(img.getCanonicalPath());
}
while
(
true
) {
String input = inputs.getNextInput();
if
(input ==
null
) {
break
;
}
File inputFile =
new
File(input);
if
(inputFile.exists()) {
try
{
Result result = decode(inputFile.toURI(), config,rc);
results.add(result);
}
catch
(IOException e) {
}
}
else
{
try
{
Result result = decode(
new
URI(input), config,rc);
results.add(result);
}
catch
(Exception e) {
}
}
}
rc.print(
new
Gson().toJson(results));
}
private
Result decode(URI uri,Config config,RequestContext rc)
throws
IOException {
Map<DecodeHintType, ?> hints = config.getHints();
BufferedImage image;
try
{
image = ImageIO.read(uri.toURL());
}
catch
(IllegalArgumentException iae) {
throw
rc.error(
"qr_resource_not_found"
);
}
if
(image ==
null
) {
throw
rc.error(
"qr_could_not_load_image"
);
}
try
{
LuminanceSource source =
new
BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap =
new
BinaryBitmap(
new
HybridBinarizer(source));
Result result =
new
MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
return
result;
}
catch
(NotFoundException nfe) {
throw
rc.error(
"qr_no_barcode_found"
);
}
}
private
static
Map<DecodeHintType, ?> buildHints(Config config) {
Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints =
new
EnumMap<DecodeHintType, Object>(
DecodeHintType.
class
);
Collection<BarcodeFormat> vector =
new
ArrayList<BarcodeFormat>(
8
);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_A);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_E);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_13);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_8);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_14);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_EXPANDED);
if
(!config.isProductsOnly()) {
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_39);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_93);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_128);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.ITF);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.DATA_MATRIX);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.AZTEC);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.PDF_417);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODABAR);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.MAXICODE);
}
hints.put(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, vector);
if
(config.isTryHarder()) {
hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER, Boolean.TRUE);
}
if
(config.isPureBarcode()) {
hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE, Boolean.TRUE);
}
return
hints;
}
private
static
void
addArgumentToInputs(String argument, Config config,
Inputs inputs)
throws
IOException {
File inputFile =
new
File(argument);
if
(inputFile.exists()) {
inputs.addInput(inputFile.getCanonicalPath());
}
else
{
inputs.addInput(argument);
}
}
|
4）前端页面：
|
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<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
src
=
"/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"
></
script
>
<
script
type
=
"text/javascript"
>
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#qrcode_form").ajaxForm({
success:function(json){
if(json==null)
return;
json = eval("("+json+")");
if(json.msg){
alert(json.msg);
return;
}
if(json[0])
$("#result").val(json[0].text);
else
$("#result").val("解码失败");
}
});
$("#zxing").popover({
'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',
'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',
'placement':'bottom'
});
});
</
script
>
<
div
id
=
"mainContent"
class
=
"wrapper"
>
<
div
class
=
"toolName"
>在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<
a
id
=
"zxing"
href
=
"http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing"
>ZXing</
a
>与<
a
href
=
"http://www.d-project.com/"
>d-project</
a
><
a
data-toggle
=
"modal"
href
=
"#advice"
style
=
"float:right;text-decoration:none;"
><
span
class
=
"badge badge-important"
><
i
class
=
"icon-envelope icon-white"
></
i
> Feedback</
span
></
a
></
div
>
<
div
class
=
"toolUsing clearfix"
>
<
div
class
=
"toolsTab clearfix"
>
<
ul
class
=
"nav nav-tabs"
>
<
li
><
a
href
=
"/qr"
>转QR码</
a
></
li
>
<
li
class
=
"active"
><
a
href
=
"/qr?type=2"
>二维码解码</
a
></
li
>
</
ul
>
<
div
class
=
"clear"
></
div
>
</
div
>
<
form
id
=
"qrcode_form"
method
=
"post"
action
=
"/action/qrcode/decode"
>
<
div
class
=
"topBar"
>
<
div
class
=
"title"
>
<
label
class
=
"radio"
for
=
"upload_url"
>图片URL:
<
input
checked
=
"checked"
name
=
"upload_ctn"
id
=
"upload_url"
style
=
"margin-right:5px;"
type
=
"radio"
onchange
=
"if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'url\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"
/>
</
label
>
</
div
>
<
input
name
=
"url"
id
=
"url"
style
=
"width:100%;height:40px;margin:0 0 10px 0;"
onfocus
=
"if(this.value=='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif'){this.value='';};this.select();"
onblur
=
"(this.value=='')?this.value='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif':this.value;"
value
=
"http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif"
/>
<
div
class
=
"title"
>
<
label
class
=
"radio"
for
=
"upload_img"
>上传图片:
<
input
style
=
"margin-right:5px;"
name
=
"upload_ctn"
id
=
"upload_img"
type
=
"radio"
onchange
=
"if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'url\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"
/>
</
label
>
</
div
>
<
input
disabled
=
"disabled"
name
=
"qrcode"
type
=
"file"
class
=
"input-file"
/>
<
input
class
=
"btn btn-primary"
value
=
"解码"
type
=
"submit"
/>
</
div
>
<
div
class
=
"bottomBar"
>
<
div
class
=
"title"
>解码结果:</
div
>
<
textarea
id
=
"result"
></
textarea
>
</
div
>
</
form
>
</
div
>
</
div
>
|
注意：其中牵涉到的RequestContext类见此处：http://www.oschina.net/code/snippet_12_2
原文摘自：http://www.cnblogs.com/DTec/archive/2012/08/09/2630227.html