网上有很多介绍osgi概念的文章,有兴趣的同学可以去google一下.这里写一个简单的例子,记录自己的学习历程,也希望对初学osgi的同学有所帮助.
osgi强调模块化与服务化,我们可以在不重启Java虚拟机的情况下切换一个服务的实现,达到动态更新目的.与spring不同的是,osgi可 以动态绑定服务的实现,而Spring容器一旦启动就无法更改服务的实现,要想改变服务的实现,只有重新配置spring-bean文件,再重启 spring容器
下面例子就说明了这一点,我们要做的事情如下
创建以下几个maven工程
该工程为一个接口bundle,不包含BundleActivator
其用处是为其他几个bundle提供HelloService接口,隔离hello.service.impl与hello.service.consumer
package org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service;
public interface HelloService {
public void sayHello();
}
由于其他几个bundle需要使用到HelloService接口,该bundle需要导出HelloService接口,其MANIFEST.MF文件如下
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: Freewind
Bundle-Version: 1.0.0
Bundle-Name: Hello Service Bundle
Bundle-Vendor: Freewind
Bundle-ManifestVersion: 2
Bundle-SymbolicName: hello.service
Export-Package: org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service
该工程为HelloService的一个实现bundle,包含一个BundleActivator向osgi容器注册HelloService的实现,hello.service.consumer可以从osgi容器获取该实现,调用相关服务
//HelloService 实现1
package org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.impl1;
import org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.HelloService;
public class HelloServiceImpl1 implements HelloService {
@Override
public void sayHello() {
System.out .println(“HelloService1″);//实现1
}
}
//实现1的BundleActivator
package org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.impl1;
import org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.HelloService;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceRegistration;
public class HelloServiceActivator implements BundleActivator {
private ServiceRegistration sr;
@Override
public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
System.out .println(“HelloServiceActivator1.start”);
//向osgi容器注册HelloService的实现1
sr = context.registerService(HelloService.class.getName(),new HelloServiceImpl1(), null);
}
@Override
public void stop(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
sr.unregister();
}
}
由于该bundle需要使用到HelloService接口及osgi的相关接口,该bundle需要导入相关的接口类,其MANIFEST.MF文件如下
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: Freewind
Bundle-Version: 1.0.0
Bundle-Name: Hello Service Impl1
Bundle-Vendor: Freewind
Bundle-ManifestVersion: 2
Bundle-SymbolicName: hello.service.impl1
Import-Package: org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service,org.osgi.framework
Bundle-Activator: org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.impl1.HelloServiceActivator
该bundle与hello.service.impl1类似,改变的是如下代码
public void sayHello() {
System.out .println(“HelloService2″);//实现2
}
篇幅所限,该工程其他的代码就不贴出了,有兴趣可参看下附件
该工程向osgi容器注册HelloService的服务监听器,当有HelloService服务注册时,服务监听器会取得该服务,并添加到 hello.service.consumer中,当HelloService卸载时,服务监听器会从hello.service.consumer去除 该服务,具体如下
//hello.service.consumer BundleActivator
package org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.consumer;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.HelloService;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleActivator;
import org.osgi.framework.BundleContext;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceEvent;
import org.osgi.framework.ServiceListener;
public class HelloServiceConsumer implements BundleActivator {
//HelloService列表,有可能存在多个HelloService实现
//但我们优先使用最后注册的,达到服务更新的目的
private List<HelloService> helloServices = new ArrayList<HelloService>();
private ExecutorService executor;
@Override
public void start(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
System.out .println(“HelloServiceConsumer.start”);
//添加服务监听器,监听HelloService的状态
context.addServiceListener(new HelloServiceListener(context));
executor = Executors.newFixedThreadPool (1);
//线程里循环调用HelloService
executor.execute(new HelloServiceVisitorThread());
}
@Override
public void stop(BundleContext context) throws Exception {
System.out .println(“HelloServiceConsumer stop”);
}
public void setHelloService(HelloService helloService) {
if (this.helloServices.isEmpty()) {// 如果列表为空,直接加入
this.helloServices.add(helloService);
} else {// 将后启动的服务插入到列表之前,优先使用后加入的服务
this.helloServices.add(0, helloService);
}
}
public void unsetHelloService(HelloService helloService) {
//当HelloService卸载时,从服务列表删除
this.helloServices.remove(helloService);
}
class HelloServiceListener implements ServiceListener {
private BundleContext context;
public HelloServiceListener(BundleContext context) {
this.context = context;
}
@Override
public void serviceChanged(ServiceEvent evt) {
HelloService hs = (HelloService) context.getService(evt.getServiceReference());
if (evt.getType() == ServiceEvent.REGISTERED ) {
setHelloService(hs);//添加服务
} else if (evt.getType() == ServiceEvent.UNREGISTERING ) {
System.out .println(“service unregistered”);
unsetHelloService(hs);//卸载服务
}
}
}
class HelloServiceVisitorThread implements Runnable {
public void run() {
while (true) {
try {
synchronized (helloServices) {
if (helloServices.size() > 0) {//判断是否有HelloService服务
helloServices.get(0).sayHello();
} else {
System.out .println(“NO HelloService”);
}
}
TimeUnit.SECONDS .sleep(20);
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
// ignore
}
}
}
}
}
其MANIFEST.MF文件如下
Manifest-Version: 1.0
Created-By: Freewind
Bundle-Version: 1.0.0
Bundle-Name: Hello Service Consumer
Bundle-Vendor: Freewind
Bundle-ManifestVersion: 2
Bundle-SymbolicName: hello.service.consumer
Import-Package: org.osgi.framework,org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service
Bundle-Activator: org.lazyman.osgi.hello.service.consumer.HelloServiceConsumer
以上各工程的MANIFEST.MF文件放置布局如下:
我们需要在打包时,将自定义的MANIFEST.MF打入jar包,只需要在主pom配置maven-jar-plugin即可
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>
<configuration>
<archive>
<manifestFile>META-INF/MANIFEST.MF</manifestFile>
</archive>
</configuration>
</plugin>
命令行进入主工程目录
mvn clean package
拷出各工程target下的jar到你喜欢的地方,比如c:/lib
此处给个脚本,以方便拷出jar包—cp.bat
copy /Y hello.service\target\hello.service.jar c:\lib
copy /Y hello.service.consumer\target\hello.service.consumer.jar c:\lib
copy /Y hello.service.impl1\target\hello.service.impl1.jar c:\lib
copy /Y hello.service.impl2\target\hello.service.impl2.jar c:\lib
java -jar org.eclipse.osgi.jar –console
此时只有一个bundle,也就是容器本身
install file:///c:/lib/hello.service.jar
install file:///c:/lib/hello.service.impl1.jar
install file:///c:/lib/hello.service.impl2.jar
install file:///c:/lib/hello.service.consumer.jar
安装的顺序可以随意,稍后启动的顺序必须先启动hello.service,因为后面三个对hello.service有依赖
目前的状态如下
可以看到有四个bundle处于已安装状态
上面提过,必须先启动hello.service,你也可以尝试下先启动其他bundle,看会有什么情况出现
从上图可以看到,hello.service的id为2,此处的id相当于pid,我们可以用以下方式启动hello.service bundle
start 2
可以看到hello.service已经处于活动状态
再启动hello.service.consumer,看看什么情况
start 1
有NO HelloService输出,因为此时还没有注册HelloService的实现
启动实现1
start 4
更新HelloService的实现,此时只需要启动实现2即可
start 3
此后HelloService将会切换到实现2上
回滚到实现1上,只需要停止实现2即可
stop 3
此后HelloService将会回滚到实现1上
你也可以编写实现3,并动态加载到osgi容器,替换实现1或实现2,为hello.service.consumer提供不一样的服务~~~
equinox的osgi实现还有很多令人振奋的功能,比如声明式服务(ds),通过它以配置的方式注册或获取服务,可以省下很多繁琐的注册代码, 并且无需耦合osgi api,也不需要再写BundleActivator了,该功能在下篇文章会介绍到,尽请期待o(∩_∩)o