说明,本系列文章所使用的Restlet版本是1.1.5, 2.0的版本API做了不少改动。不过现在还没有最终的release。所以暂时不会考虑2.0,不过后面的系列文章中会提到那些功能只有2的版本才有。
回到正题,既然主题是实战,可能读者会问,怎么不见具体的例子和代码?别急,一口吃不了个胖子,慢慢来,还是贴一个图,一张说明各个组件空间分布的图:
还是强调一下,这张图还是很有用的,后续会用示例代码结合源代码来介绍。
下面的例子是基于http://www.iteye.com/topic/182843这篇翻译文档的基础上做一些改变。
首先我们定义两个resource,一个是Order,一个是Customer,具体代码如下:
OrderResource.java
/** * * @author ajax * @version 1.0 */ public class OrderResource extends Resource { String orderId = ""; String subOrderId = ""; public OrderResource(Context context, Request request, Response response) { super(context, request, response); orderId = (String) request.getAttributes().get("orderId"); subOrderId = (String) request.getAttributes().get("subOrderId"); // This representation has only one type of representation. getVariants().add(new Variant(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)); } @Override public Representation getRepresentation(Variant variant) { Representation representation = new StringRepresentation( "the order id is : " + orderId + " and the sub order id is : " + subOrderId, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN); return representation; } }
CustomerResource.java
/** * * @author ajax * @version 1.0 */ public class CustomerResource extends Resource { String customerId = ""; public CustomerResource(Context context, Request request, Response response) { super(context, request, response); customerId = (String) request.getAttributes().get("custId"); // This representation has only one type of representation. getVariants().add(new Variant(MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN)); } @Override public Representation getRepresentation(Variant variant) { Representation representation = new StringRepresentation("get customer id :" + customerId, MediaType.TEXT_PLAIN); return representation; } }
接下来定义一个Application:
OrderApplication.java
public class OrderApplication extends Application { /** * Creates a root Restlet that will receive all incoming calls. */ @Override public synchronized Restlet createRoot() { Router router = new Router(getContext()); router.attach("/orders/{orderId}/{subOrderId}", OrderResource.class); router.attach("/customers/{custId}", CustomerResource.class); return router; } }
web.xml中的配置略过,没有好说的,跟上面链接里面的基本一致,只是名字不同而已
启动应用服务器(偶用的Tomcat),假定你的context是/restlet,在浏览器里面输入:http://localhost:8080/restlet/customers/1
http://localhost:8080/restlet/orders/1/2
浏览器页面就会相应的显示:
get customer id :1
the order id is : 1 and the sub order id is : 2
看到这里,可能有人会提出疑问,你的资源设计的有问题吧,另外你仅用了一个OrderApplicaiton,来attach两个资源,这个不觉的很奇怪吗?
是,是,是,比如说对Customer,正确的资源设计,应该是对应/customers和customers/1应该分别有两个资源与之对应,如CustomersResource和CustomerResource。需要说明的是,资源的设计非常重要,这个在很多文章,包括那本restful web service里面有提到,后续系列文章会涉及到。针对第二种情况,应该怎么去处理。下一篇文章会作进一步的说明。