虚拟主机上给一个网卡设置多个IP地址

配置虚拟主机时有一种方式是在一块网卡上绑定多个IP，操作如下：
首先用ifconfig查看物理网卡

 

[root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig
 eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:E0:4C:F1:5B:E3
           inet addr:192.168.0.66  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
           inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:4cff:fef1:5be3/64 Scope:Link
           UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
           RX packets:136875410 errors:1514 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:1
           TX packets:33575076 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
           collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
           RX bytes:850013826 (810.6 MiB)  TX bytes:550942326 (525.4 MiB)
           Interrupt:177 Base address:0x8000

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
           inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
           inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
           UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
           RX packets:9013362 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
           TX packets:9013362 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
           collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
           RX bytes:2146802575 (1.9 GiB)  TX bytes:2146802575 (1.9 GiB)

[root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig
eth0      Link encap:Ethernet  HWaddr 00:E0:4C:F1:5B:E3
          inet addr:192.168.0.66  Bcast:192.168.0.255  Mask:255.255.255.0
          inet6 addr: fe80::2e0:4cff:fef1:5be3/64 Scope:Link
          UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST  MTU:1500  Metric:1
          RX packets:136875410 errors:1514 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:1
          TX packets:33575076 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
          RX bytes:850013826 (810.6 MiB)  TX bytes:550942326 (525.4 MiB)
          Interrupt:177 Base address:0x8000

lo        Link encap:Local Loopback
          inet addr:127.0.0.1  Mask:255.0.0.0
          inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
          UP LOOPBACK RUNNING  MTU:16436  Metric:1
          RX packets:9013362 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
          TX packets:9013362 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
          collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
          RX bytes:2146802575 (1.9 GiB)  TX bytes:2146802575 (1.9 GiB)

 

其中lo是本地回环，eh开头的是物理网卡,我只有一块网卡，所以显示eth0。

那么现在我们在eth0上绑定其他IP地址

 

[root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.201 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
 [root@devserver1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.201 dev eth0:1
[root@devserver1 ~]#
 [root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.0.202 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
 [root@devserver1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.202 dev eth0:2

[root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.0.201 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@devserver1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.201 dev eth0:1
[root@devserver1 ~]#
[root@devserver1 ~]# ifconfig eth0:2 192.168.0.202 netmask 255.255.255.0 up
[root@devserver1 ~]# route add -host 192.168.0.202 dev eth0:2

 

eth0:n 这里的n可以自己随便设置
route 为新地址添加路由并且绑定在相应的eth0:n上

ok，现在在其他机器上ping一下，应该已经通了：）

 

注意：
1.这里绑定的其他IP，会在机器重启时消失，如果想永久绑定，就需要在开机时写一个shell,把上边的shell贴在：

(/etc/rc.local)文件里就OK了：）
2.删除绑定IP：

[root@localhost etc]# ifconfig eth0:1 down
 [root@localhost etc]# ifconfig eth0:2 down

[root@localhost etc]# ifconfig eth0:1 down
[root@localhost etc]# ifconfig eth0:2 down

 3.删除路由(如果已经删除绑定IP,路由会自动消失)

[root@devserver1 ~]# route del 192.168.0.201 dev eth0:1
 [root@devserver1 ~]# route del 192.168.0.202 dev eth0:2

[root@devserver1 ~]# route del 192.168.0.201 dev eth0:1
[root@devserver1 ~]# route del 192.168.0.202 dev eth0:2

 

 

附加：

如何启动/禁用网卡

启用

ifconfig eth0 up

ifconfig eth0 up

 禁用

ifconfig eth0 down

ifconfig eth0 down

 给网卡赋予静态ip

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.101

ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.101