使用Spring+JDBC集成步骤如下:
配置数据源,如:
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver" /> <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/spring?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8" /> <property name="username" value="root" /> <property name="password" value="mysql" /> .....略 </bean>
配置事务。配置事务时,需要在xml配置文件中引入用于声明事务的tx命名空间(如下),事务的配置方式有两种:注解方式和基于XML配置方式。
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" //事务 xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop h ttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"> </beans>
为了方便,我们使用属性占位符方式配置数据源
<!-- classpath指明在配置文件在类路径下面 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${url}" /> <property name="username" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后,连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分,一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时,连接池就会预申请去一些连接,以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" /> </bean>
jdbc.properties
driverClassName=org.gjt.mm.mysql.Driver url=jdbc\:mysql\://localhost\:3306/spring?useUnicode\=true&characterEncoding\=UTF-8 username=root password=mysql initialSize=1 maxActive=500 maxIdle=2 minIdle=1
采用注解方式配置事务
<bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <!– 采用@Transactional注解方式使用事务 --> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" />
综合上述,spring.xml的配置文件如下
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd"> <!-- classpath指明在配置文件在类路径下面 --> <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:jdbc.properties" /> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> <property name="driverClassName" value="${driverClassName}" /> <property name="url" value="${url}" /> <property name="username" value="${username}" /> <property name="password" value="${password}" /> <!-- 连接池启动时的初始值 --> <property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}" /> <!-- 连接池的最大值 --> <property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}" /> <!-- 最大空闲值.当经过一个高峰时间后,连接池可以慢慢将已经用不到的连接慢慢释放一部分,一直减少到maxIdle为止 --> <property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}" /> <!-- 最小空闲值.当空闲的连接数少于阀值时,连接池就会预申请去一些连接,以免洪峰来时来不及申请 --> <property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}" /> </bean> <bean id="txManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="txManager" /> <bean id="personService" class="org.spring.service.impl.PersonServiceBean"> <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" /> </bean> </beans>
Person类
package org.spring.bean; public class Person { private Integer id; private String name; public Person() { } public Person(String name) { this.name = name; } public Integer getId() { return id; } public void setId(Integer id) { this.id = id; } public String getName() { return name; } public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } }
PersonService
package org.spring.service; import java.util.List; import org.spring.bean.Person; public interface PersonService { /** * 保存person * * @param person */ public void save(Person person); /** * 更新person * * @param person */ public void update(Person person); /** * 获取person * * @param personid * @return */ public Person getPerson(Integer personid); /** * 获取所有person * * @return */ public List<Person> getPersons(); /** * 删除指定id的person * * @param personid */ public void delete(Integer personid); }
PersonServiceBean
package org.spring.service.impl; import java.util.List; import javax.sql.DataSource; import org.spring.bean.Person; import org.spring.service.PersonService; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.JdbcTemplate; import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; @Transactional public class PersonServiceBean implements PersonService { private JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate; public void setDataSource(DataSource dataSource) { this.jdbcTemplate = new JdbcTemplate(dataSource); } public void delete(Integer personid) { jdbcTemplate .update("delete from person where id=?", new Object[] { personid }, new int[] { java.sql.Types.INTEGER }); } public Person getPerson(Integer personid) { return (Person) jdbcTemplate.queryForObject( "select * from person where id=?", new Object[] { personid }, new int[] { java.sql.Types.INTEGER }, new PersonRowMapper()); } @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public List<Person> getPersons() { return (List<Person>) jdbcTemplate.query("select * from person", new PersonRowMapper()); } public void save(Person person) { jdbcTemplate.update("insert into person(name) values(?)", new Object[] { person.getName() }, new int[] { java.sql.Types.VARCHAR }); } public void update(Person person) { jdbcTemplate.update("update person set name=? where id=?", new Object[] { person.getName(), person.getId() }, new int[] { java.sql.Types.VARCHAR, java.sql.Types.INTEGER }); } }
PersonRowMapper
package org.spring.service.impl; import java.sql.ResultSet; import java.sql.SQLException; import org.spring.bean.Person; import org.springframework.jdbc.core.RowMapper; public class PersonRowMapper implements RowMapper { public Object mapRow(ResultSet rs, int index) throws SQLException { Person person = new Person(rs.getString("name")); person.setId(rs.getInt("id")); return person; } }
测试类
package org.spring.junit; import org.junit.BeforeClass; import org.junit.Test; import org.spring.bean.Person; import org.spring.service.PersonService; import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext; import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext; public class PersonServiceTest { private static PersonService personService; @BeforeClass public static void setUpBeforeClass() throws Exception { try { ApplicationContext cxt = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "spring.xml"); personService = (PersonService) cxt.getBean("personService"); } catch (RuntimeException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } @Test public void save() { for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) personService.save(new Person("spring" + i)); } @Test public void getPerson() { Person person = personService.getPerson(3); System.out.println(person.getName()); } @Test public void update() { Person person = personService.getPerson(1); person.setName("xxx"); personService.update(person); } @Test public void delete() { personService.delete(1); } @Test public void getBeans() { for (Person person : personService.getPersons()) { System.out.println(person.getName()); } } }