0. (SELECT SID,SERIAL# FROM V$SESSION WHERE USERNAME='USER1 ';) 用户名一定要大写
问题提出:
SQL〉DROP USER USER1 CASCADE
ERROR:ORA-01940: cannot drop a user that is currently connected
由于当前用户正连接到数据库,所以无法删除
解决办法:
1、查询此用户的会话进程,
SQL〉SELECT SID,SERIAL# FROM V$SESSION WHERE USERNAME='USER1';
SID SERIAL#
---------- ----------
24 25341
2、结束此用户的所有会话
SQL>ALTER SYSTEM KILL SESSION '24,25341';
System altered.
3、删除用户
SQL〉DROP USER USER1 CASCADE;
1.曾经不小心把开发库的数据库表全部删除,当时吓的要死。结果找到下面的语句恢复到了1个小时之前的数据!很简单。
注意使用管理员登录系统:
select * from 表名 as of timestamp sysdate-1/12 //查询两个小时前的某表数据!既然两小时以前的数据都得到了,继续怎么做,知道了吧。。
如果drop了表,怎么办??见下面:
drop table 表名;
数据库误删除表之后恢复:( 绝对ok,我就做过这样的事情,汗 )不过要记得删除了哪些表名。
flashback table 表名 to before drop;
2.查询得到当前数据库中锁,以及解锁:
查锁
SELECT /*+ rule */ s.username,
decode(l.type,'TM','TABLE LOCK',
'TX','ROW LOCK',
NULL) LOCK_LEVEL,
o.owner,o.object_name,o.object_type,
s.sid,s.serial#,s.terminal,s.machine,s.program,s.osuser
FROM v$session s,v$lock l,dba_objects o
WHERE l.sid = s.sid
AND l.id1 = o.object_id(+)
AND s.username is NOT NULL;
解锁
alter system kill session 'sid,serial';
如果解不了。直接倒os下kill进程kill -9 spid
3.关于查询数据库用户,权限的相关语句:
1.查看所有用户: select * from dba_user; select * from all_users; select * from user_users; 2.查看用户系统权限: select * from dba_sys_privs; select * from all_sys_privs; select * from user_sys_privs; 3.查看用户对象权限: select * from dba_tab_privs; select * from all_tab_privs; select * from user_tab_privs; 4.查看所有角色: select * from dba_roles; 5.查看用户所拥有的角色: select * from dba_role_privs; select * from user_role_privs;
4.几个经常用到的oracle视图:注意表名使用大写....................
1. 查询oracle中所有用户信息 select * from dba_user; 2. 只查询用户和密码 select username,password from dba_users; 3. 查询当前用户信息 select * from dba_ustats; 4. 查询用户可以访问的视图文本 select * from dba_varrays; 5. 查询数据库中所有视图的文本 select * from dba_views; 6.查询全部索引 select * from user_indexes; 查询全部表格 select * from user_tables; 查询全部约束 select * from user_constraints; 查询全部对象 select * from user_objects;
5.查看当前数据库中正在执行的语句,然后可以继续做很多很多事情,例如查询执行计划等等
(1).查看相关进程在数据库中的会话 Select a.sid,a.serial#,a.program, a.status , substr(a.machine,1,20), a.terminal,b.spid from v$session a, v$process b where a.paddr=b.addr and b.spid = &spid; (2).查看数据库中被锁住的对象和相关会话 select a.sid,a.serial#,a.username,a.program, c.owner, c.object_name from v$session a, v$locked_object b, all_objects c where a.sid=b.session_id and c.object_id = b.object_id; (3).查看相关会话正在执行的SQL select sql_text from v$sqlarea where address = ( select sql_address from v$session where sid = &sid );
6.查询表的结构:表名大写!!
select t.COLUMN_NAME,
t.DATA_TYPE,
nvl(t.DATA_PRECISION, t.DATA_LENGTH),
nvl(T.DATA_SCALE, 0),
c.comments
from all_tab_columns t, user_col_comments c
whEre t.TABLE_NAME = c.table_name
and t.COLUMN_NAME = c.column_name
and t.TABLE_NAME = UPPER('OM_EMPLOYEE_T')
order by t.COLUMN_ID
7.行列互换:
建立一个例子表: CREATE TABLE t_col_row( ID INT, c1 VARCHAR2(10), c2 VARCHAR2(10), c3 VARCHAR2(10)); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (1, 'v11', 'v21', 'v31'); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (2, 'v12', 'v22', NULL); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (3, 'v13', NULL, 'v33'); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (4, NULL, 'v24', 'v34'); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (5, 'v15', NULL, NULL); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (6, NULL, NULL, 'v35'); INSERT INTO t_col_row VALUES (7, NULL, NULL, NULL); COMMIT; 下面的是列转行:创建了一个视图 CREATE view v_row_col AS SELECT id, 'c1' cn, c1 cv FROM t_col_row UNION ALL SELECT id, 'c2' cn, c2 cv FROM t_col_row UNION ALL SELECT id, 'c3' cn, c3 cv FROM t_col_row; 下面是创建了没有空值的一个竖表: CREATE view v_row_col_notnull AS SELECT id, 'c1' cn, c1 cv FROM t_col_row where c1 is not null UNION ALL SELECT id, 'c2' cn, c2 cv FROM t_col_row where c2 is not null UNION ALL SELECT id, 'c3' cn, c3 cv FROM t_col_row where c3 is not null;
8.下面可能是dba经常使用的oracle视图吧。呵呵
1.示例:已知hash_value:3111103299,查询sql语句: select * from v$sqltext where hashvalue='3111103299' order by piece 2.查看消耗资源最多的SQL: SELECT hash_value, executions, buffer_gets, disk_reads, parse_calls FROM V$SQLAREA WHERE buffer_gets > 10000000OR disk_reads > 1000000 ORDERBY buffer_gets + 100 * disk_reads DESC; 3.查看某条SQL语句的资源消耗: SELECT hash_value, buffer_gets, disk_reads, executions, parse_calls FROM V$SQLAREA WHERE hash_Value = 228801498AND address = hextoraw('CBD8E4B0'); 4.查询sql语句的动态执行计划: 首先使用下面的语句找到语句的在执行计划中的address和hash_code SELECT sql_text, address, hash_value FROM v$sql t where (sql_text like '%OM_FUNCTION_T%OM_RESOURCE_AUTHORITY_T%OM_BUSI_PERSON_RELA_T%') 然后: SELECT operation, options, object_name, cost FROM v$sql_plan WHERE address = 'C00000016BD6D248' AND hash_value = 664376056; 5.查询oracle的版本: select * from v$version; 6.查询数据库的一些参数: select * from v$parameter 7.查找你的session信息 SELECT SID, OSUSER, USERNAME, MACHINE, PROCESS FROM V$SESSION WHERE audsid = userenv('SESSIONID'); 8.当machine已知的情况下查找session SELECT SID, OSUSER, USERNAME, MACHINE, TERMINAL FROM V$SESSION WHERE terminal = 'pts/tl' AND machine = 'rgmdbs1'; 9.查找当前被某个指定session正在运行的sql语句。假设sessionID为100 select b.sql_text from v$session a,v$sqlarea b where a.sql_hashvalue=b.hash_value and a.sid=100
9.树形结构connect by 排序:
查询树形的数据结构,同时对一层里面的数据进行排序
SELECT last_name, employee_id, manager_id, LEVEL
FROM employees
START WITH employee_id = 100
CONNECT BY PRIOR employee_id = manager_id
ORDER SIBLINGS BY last_name;
下面是查询结果
LAST_NAME EMPLOYEE_ID MANAGER_ID LEVEL
------------------------- ----------- ---------- ----------
King 100 1
Cambrault 148 100 2
Bates 172 148 3
Bloom 169 148 3
Fox 170 148 3
Kumar 173 148 3
Ozer 168 148 3
Smith 171 148 3
De Haan 102 100 2
Hunold 103 102 3
Austin 105 103 4
Ernst 104 103 4
Lorentz 107 103 4
Pataballa 106 103 4
Errazuriz 147 100 2
Ande 166 147 3
Banda 167 147 3
10.有时候写多了东西,居然还忘记最基本的sql语法,下面全部写出来,基本的oracle语句都在这里可以找到了。是很基础的语句!
评论