servletContext接口是Servlet中最大的一个接口;
WEB容器在启动时,它会为每个WEB应用程序都创建一个对应的ServletContext对象,它代表当前web应用。
session对应的是浏览器,而servletContext是对应的web容器,供多个浏览器共享;
应用场景:
1、记录在线人数
2、你是第多少位访问者
3、公共聊天室
4、获取项目全路径/读取资源文件
String realPath = this.getServletContext().getRealPath("/images/1.jpg");
提供不同用户共享,数据量不大,不写入数据库 时可用servletContext对象;
通过ServletConfig.getServletContext获取,类似session也是单例的;
创建:
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext sc = this.getServletContext();
sc.setAttribute("name", "nick");
System.out.println(System.currentTimeMillis());
request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/sc.jsp").forward(request, response);
return;
}
获取:
<% ServletContext sc = this.getServletContext();
String name = (String)sc.getAttribute("name");
%>
<%=name %>
<a href="<%=path%>/servlet/ServletCo"> ServletContext </a><br>
<a href="<%=path%>/pages/sc.jsp"> ServletContext.jsp </a><br>
先重启tomcat,先执行ServletContext ,后无论那台执行ServletContext.jsp,都得到nick;
删除属性:
sc.removeAttribute("name");
网页计数器:
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
//登陆一次算一次访问
//http://www.nick.org:8182/login/servlet/ServletCo?id=111
String id = request.getParameter("id");
ServletContext sc = this.getServletContext();
if(null !=id && id.equals("111"))
{
Integer count = (Integer)sc.getAttribute("count");
if(count == null)
{
count =1;
}else
{
count++;
}
sc.setAttribute("count", count);
}
//防止刷新!用responset跳走
//request.getRequestDispatcher("/pages/sc.jsp").forward(request, response);
response.sendRedirect(request.getContextPath()+"/pages/sc.jsp");
return;
}
在tomcat停止或重启时 将上次访问量存入数据库:
方案:启用init()和destroy()方法:
<servlet>
<description>This is the description of my J2EE component</description>
<display-name>This is the display name of my J2EE component</display-name>
<servlet-name>MyInitServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.nick.server.MyInitServlet</servlet-class>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
public void destroy() {
super.destroy();
Integer count = 0;
//关闭web容器时ServletContext中的计数
count = (Integer)this.getServletContext().getAttribute("count");
String sql = "insert into ser_count (time,count) value (?,?)";
Object[] parameters = {new java.util.Date(),count};
DBUtil.executeUpdate(sql, parameters);
System.out.println("here done");
}
同理init,从数据库中读取上次的访问量;
隔断时间存入数据库(一小时/次):Timer,在init()方法中每3600s写入一次;
public void init() throws ServletException {
Timer timer = new Timer();
timer.schedule(new MyTask(), 0, 1000*2);
}
public class MyTask extends TimerTask {
@Override
public void run() {
System.out.println("okk");
}
}
项目下载地址: