[原创]Java 生成 / 解码 QR码
QR码的使用越来越多，可以在很多地方见着，比如火车票、推广产品上等，以下将介绍如何用Java生成QR码以及解码QR码。
1、涉及开源项目：
ZXing :一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。---用来解码QRcode
d-project:Kazuhiko Arase的个人项目(他具体是谁不清楚，日本的)，提供丰富的配置参数，非常灵活---用来生成QR code
2、效果图：
![[原创]Java 生成 / 解码 QR码_第1张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/7063a457422f42038a00830ee4055860.jpg)
![[原创]Java 生成 / 解码 QR码_第2张图片](http://img.e-com-net.com/image/product/676c6a6ff8d8486ab81fcd7c06e5d387.jpg)
3、使用d-project生成QRcdoe
1）将com.d_project.qrcode.jar引入工程
2）QRcodeAction代码：
public void generate(RequestContext rc)
throws UnsupportedEncodingException, IOException, ServletException {
//待转数据
String data = rc.param("data", "http://osctools.net/qr");
//输出图片类型
String output = rc.param("output", "image/jpeg");
int type = rc.param("type", 4);
if (type < 0 || 10 < type) {
return;
}
int margin = rc.param("margin", 10);
if (margin < 0 || 32 < margin) {
return;
}
int cellSize = rc.param("size", 4);
if (cellSize < 1 || 4 < cellSize) {
return;
}
int errorCorrectLevel = 0;
try {
errorCorrectLevel = parseErrorCorrectLevel(rc,
rc.param("error", "H"));
} catch (Exception e) {
return;
}
com.d_project.qrcode.QRCode qrcode = null;
try {
qrcode = getQRCode(data, type, errorCorrectLevel);
} catch (Exception e) {
return;
}
if ("image/jpeg".equals(output)) {
BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType("image/jpeg");
OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try {
ImageIO.write(image, "jpeg", out);
} finally {
out.close();
}
} else if ("image/png".equals(output)) {
BufferedImage image = qrcode.createImage(cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType("image/png");
OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try {
ImageIO.write(image, "png", out);
} finally {
out.close();
}
} else if ("image/gif".equals(output)) {
GIFImage image = createGIFImage(qrcode, cellSize, margin);
rc.response().setContentType("image/gif");
OutputStream out = new BufferedOutputStream(rc.response()
.getOutputStream());
try {
image.write(out);
} finally {
out.close();
}
} else {
return;
}
}
private static int parseErrorCorrectLevel(RequestContext rc, String ecl) {
if ("L".equals(ecl)) {
return ErrorCorrectLevel.L;
} else if ("Q".equals(ecl)) {
return ErrorCorrectLevel.Q;
} else if ("M".equals(ecl)) {
return ErrorCorrectLevel.M;
} else if ("H".equals(ecl)) {
return ErrorCorrectLevel.H;
} else {
throw rc.error("qr_error_correct_error");
}
}
private static QRCode getQRCode(String text, int typeNumber,
int errorCorrectLevel) throws IllegalArgumentException {
if (typeNumber == 0) {
return QRCode.getMinimumQRCode(text, errorCorrectLevel);
} else {
QRCode qr = new QRCode();
qr.setTypeNumber(typeNumber);
qr.setErrorCorrectLevel(errorCorrectLevel);
qr.addData(text);
qr.make();
return qr;
}
}
private static GIFImage createGIFImage(QRCode qrcode, int cellSize,
int margin) throws IOException {
int imageSize = qrcode.getModuleCount() * cellSize + margin * 2;
GIFImage image = new GIFImage(imageSize, imageSize);
for (int y = 0; y < imageSize; y++) {
for (int x = 0; x < imageSize; x++) {
if (margin <= x && x < imageSize - margin && margin <= y
&& y < imageSize - margin) {
int col = (x - margin) / cellSize;
int row = (y - margin) / cellSize;
if (qrcode.isDark(row, col)) {
image.setPixel(x, y, 0);
} else {
image.setPixel(x, y, 1);
}
} else {
image.setPixel(x, y, 1);
}
}
}
return image;
}
3）前端页面：
<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#submit").click(function(){
var url = "/action/qrcode/generate?" + $("#qrcode_form").serialize();
$(".QRCodeDiv img").attr("src",url+"&"+new Date().getTime());
$("#gen_url").attr("href",url);
});
$("#zxing").popover({
'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',
'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',
'placement':'bottom'
});
});
</script>
<div id="mainContent" class="wrapper">
<div class="toolName">在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<a id="zxing" href="http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing">ZXing</a>与<a href="http://www.d-project.com/">d-project</a><a data-toggle="modal" href="#advice" style="float:right;text-decoration:none;"><span class="badge badge-important"><i class="icon-envelope icon-white"></i> Feedback</span></a></div>
<div class="toolUsing clearfix">
<div class="toolsTab clearfix">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li class="active"><a href="/qr">转QR码</a></li>
<li ><a href="/qr?type=2">二维码解码</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
<form id="qrcode_form" method="post" >
<div class="leftBar">
<div class="title">URL或其他文本:</div>
<textarea class="input-xlarge" name="data" onfocus="if(this.value=='http://osctools.net/qr'){this.value='';};this.select();" onblur="(this.value=='')?this.value='http://osctools.net/qr':this.value;">http://osctools.net/qr</textarea>
</div>
<div class="operateLR">
<div class="OptDetail span1">
<label>输出格式:</label>
<select name="output" class="span1">
<option value="image/gif" selected>GIF</option>
<option value="image/jpeg">JPEG</option>
<option value="image/png">PNG</option>
</select>
<label>纠错级别:</label>
<select name="error" class="span1">
<option value="L" selected>L 7%</option>
<option value="M">M 15%</option>
<option value="Q">Q 25%</option>
<option value="H">H 30%</option>
</select>
<label>类型:</label>
<select name="type" class="span1">
<option value="0">自动</option>
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
<option value="4">4</option>
<option value="5">5</option>
<option value="6">6</option>
<option value="7">7</option>
<option value="8">8</option>
<option value="9">9</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
</select>
<label>边缘留白:</label>
<select name="margin" class="span1">
<option value="0">0</option>
<option value="1">1</option>
<option value="2">2</option>
<option value="3">3</option>
<option value="4">4</option>
<option value="5">5</option>
<option value="6">6</option>
<option value="7">7</option>
<option value="8">8</option>
<option value="9">9</option>
<option value="10">10</option>
<option value="11">11</option>
<option value="12">12</option>
<option value="13">13</option>
<option value="14">14</option>
<option value="15">15</option>
<option value="16">16</option>
<option value="17">17</option>
<option value="18">18</option>
<option value="19">19</option>
<option value="20">20</option>
<option value="21">21</option>
<option value="22">22</option>
<option value="23">23</option>
<option value="24">24</option>
<option value="25">25</option>
<option value="26">26</option>
<option value="27">27</option>
<option value="28">28</option>
<option value="29">29</option>
<option value="30">30</option>
<option value="31">31</option>
<option value="32">32</option>
</select>
<label>原胞大小:</label>
<select name="size" class="span1">
<option value="1" >1</option>
<option value="2" >2</option>
<option value="3" >3</option>
<option value="4" selected >4</option>
</select>
<button class="btn btn-small btn-primary" id="submit" onclick="return false;">生成QR码</button> </div>
</div>
<div class="rightBar">
<div class="title">QR码：</div>
<div class="QRCodeDiv">
<div class="QRWrapper">
<a id="gen_url" href="/action/qrcode/generate?size=4" target="_blank"><img src="/action/qrcode/generate?size=4"/></a>
</div>
</div>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
4、使用ZXing解码QRcode
1）下载Zxing-2.0.zip
2）引入zxing-barcode_core.jar与zxing_barcode_j2se.jar到工程
3）QRcodeAction代码：
@PostMethod
@JSONOutputEnabled
public void decode(RequestContext rc) throws IOException {
//存在qrcode的网址
String url = rc.param("url", "");
//待解码的qrcdoe图像
File img = rc.file("qrcode");
if (StringUtils.isBlank(url) && img == null) {
throw rc.error("qr_upload_or_url_null");
}
List<Result> results = new ArrayList<Result>();
Config config = new Config();
Inputs inputs = new Inputs();
config.setHints(buildHints(config));
if (StringUtils.isNotBlank(url)) {
addArgumentToInputs(url, config, inputs);
}
if (img != null) {
inputs.addInput(img.getCanonicalPath());
}
while (true) {
String input = inputs.getNextInput();
if (input == null) {
break;
}
File inputFile = new File(input);
if (inputFile.exists()) {
try {
Result result = decode(inputFile.toURI(), config,rc);
results.add(result);
} catch (IOException e) {
}
} else {
try {
Result result = decode(new URI(input), config,rc);
results.add(result);
} catch (Exception e) {
}
}
}
rc.print(new Gson().toJson(results));
}
private Result decode(URI uri,Config config,RequestContext rc)
throws IOException {
Map<DecodeHintType, ?> hints = config.getHints();
BufferedImage image;
try {
image = ImageIO.read(uri.toURL());
} catch (IllegalArgumentException iae) {
throw rc.error("qr_resource_not_found");
}
if (image == null) {
throw rc.error("qr_could_not_load_image");
}
try {
LuminanceSource source = new BufferedImageLuminanceSource(image);
BinaryBitmap bitmap = new BinaryBitmap(new HybridBinarizer(source));
Result result = new MultiFormatReader().decode(bitmap, hints);
return result;
} catch (NotFoundException nfe) {
throw rc.error("qr_no_barcode_found");
}
}
private static Map<DecodeHintType, ?> buildHints(Config config) {
Map<DecodeHintType, Object> hints = new EnumMap<DecodeHintType, Object>(
DecodeHintType.class);
Collection<BarcodeFormat> vector = new ArrayList<BarcodeFormat>(8);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_A);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.UPC_E);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_13);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.EAN_8);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_14);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.RSS_EXPANDED);
if (!config.isProductsOnly()) {
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_39);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_93);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODE_128);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.ITF);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.QR_CODE);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.DATA_MATRIX);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.AZTEC);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.PDF_417);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.CODABAR);
vector.add(BarcodeFormat.MAXICODE);
}
hints.put(DecodeHintType.POSSIBLE_FORMATS, vector);
if (config.isTryHarder()) {
hints.put(DecodeHintType.TRY_HARDER, Boolean.TRUE);
}
if (config.isPureBarcode()) {
hints.put(DecodeHintType.PURE_BARCODE, Boolean.TRUE);
}
return hints;
}
private static void addArgumentToInputs(String argument, Config config,
Inputs inputs) throws IOException {
File inputFile = new File(argument);
if (inputFile.exists()) {
inputs.addInput(inputFile.getCanonicalPath());
} else {
inputs.addInput(argument);
}
}
4）前端页面：
<script type="text/javascript" src="/js/jquery/jquery.form-2.82.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript">
$(document).ready(function(){
$("#qrcode_form").ajaxForm({
success:function(json){
if(json==null)
return;
json = eval("("+json+")");
if(json.msg){
alert(json.msg);
return;
}
if(json[0])
$("#result").val(json[0].text);
else
$("#result").val("解码失败");
}
});
$("#zxing").popover({
'title':'条形码处理类库 ZXing',
'content':'ZXing是一个开源Java类库用于解析多种格式的1D/2D条形码。目标是能够对QR编码、Data Matrix、UPC的1D条形码进行解码。 其提供了多种平台下的客户端包括：J2ME、J2SE和Android。',
'placement':'bottom'
});
});
</script>
<div id="mainContent" class="wrapper">
<div class="toolName">在线生成二维码(QR码)-采用<a id="zxing" href="http://www.oschina.net/p/zxing">ZXing</a>与<a href="http://www.d-project.com/">d-project</a><a data-toggle="modal" href="#advice" style="float:right;text-decoration:none;"><span class="badge badge-important"><i class="icon-envelope icon-white"></i> Feedback</span></a></div>
<div class="toolUsing clearfix">
<div class="toolsTab clearfix">
<ul class="nav nav-tabs">
<li ><a href="/qr">转QR码</a></li>
<li class="active"><a href="/qr?type=2">二维码解码</a></li>
</ul>
<div class="clear"></div>
</div>
<form id="qrcode_form" method="post" action="/action/qrcode/decode">
<div class="topBar">
<div class="title">
<label class="radio" for="upload_url">图片URL:
<input checked="checked" name="upload_ctn" id="upload_url" style="margin-right:5px;" type="radio" onchange="if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'url\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"/>
</label>
</div>
<input name="url" id="url" style="width:100%;height:40px;margin:0 0 10px 0;" onfocus="if(this.value=='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif'){this.value='';};this.select();" onblur="(this.value=='')?this.value='http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif':this.value;" value="http://www.osctools.net/img/qr.gif"/>
<div class="title">
<label class="radio" for="upload_img">上传图片:
<input style="margin-right:5px;" name="upload_ctn" id="upload_img" type="radio" onchange="if(this.checked){$('input[name=\'qrcode\']').removeAttr('disabled');$('input[name=\'url\']').attr('disabled','disabled')}"/>
</label>
</div>
<input disabled="disabled" name="qrcode" type="file" class="input-file"/>
<input class="btn btn-primary" value="解码" type="submit"/>
</div>
<div class="bottomBar">
<div class="title">解码结果:</div>
<textarea id="result"></textarea>
</div>
</form>
</div>
</div>
注意：其中牵涉到的RequestContext类,请点击查看