java应用集锦8:使用poi进行excel操作,同时支持excel2003和2007
下面的这段代码仅仅支持excel2003,要同时支持2007和2003的excel请看后半部分!!
经常使用exlce的操作,以前工作使用的jxl,现在工作又使用poi.还好以前总结过,轻松搞定.这里再次把代码贴出来,可以直接使用.
package poi;
import java.util.List;
/**
* 测试poi的工具类.
*
*/
public class PoiUtil {
public static void main(String[] args) {
String fileName = "D:\\工作\\开发需求\\测试2.xls";
//参数1:文件名
//参数2:要读取的多个sheet的index
//参数3:是否在遇到第一个空行时停止往下读取
List<String[][]> strs1 = ExcelReader.readAllExcel(fileName, new String[]{"3","1","2"}, true);
for (int i = 0; i < strs1.size(); i++) {
System.out.println(getString2Array(strs1.get(i)));
}
}
public static String getString2Array(String[][] str) {
StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer("[");
//System.out.println("行数:" + str.length);
//System.out.println("列数:" + str[0].length);
int len1 = str.length;
int len2 = str[0].length;
for (int i = 0; i < len1; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < len2; j++) {
buf.append(str[i][j]);
if (j != len2 - 1) {
buf.append(",");
} else {
buf.append("\n");
}
}
}
buf.append("]");
return buf.toString();
}
}
ExcelReader.java(仅对2003的excel操作有效!)
package poi; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileInputStream; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStream; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.Date; import java.util.List; import org.apache.commons.logging.Log; import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFDateUtil; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet; import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook; public class ExcelReader { /** * 工作簿 */ private HSSFWorkbook workbook; /** * 日志记录 */ private Log log = LogFactory.getLog("logger"); /** * excel表 */ private HSSFSheet sheet; /** * excel文件流 */ private FileInputStream fis; /** * 消息 */ private StringBuffer msg = null; public ExcelReader(File exl) throws IOException { fis = new FileInputStream(exl); workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis); msg = new StringBuffer(); } public ExcelReader(String exlFileName) throws IOException { File file = new File(exlFileName); fis = new FileInputStream(file); workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fis); msg = new StringBuffer(); } public ExcelReader(InputStream input) throws IOException { workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(input); msg = new StringBuffer(); } public void destory() { try { msg = null; if(fis!=null) fis.close(); } catch (Exception ex) { log.error("ExcelReader-destory", ex); msg.append(ex.getMessage()); } } public boolean setCurrentSheet(int num) { if (workbook != null && num < workbook.getNumberOfFonts()) { try { sheet = workbook.getSheetAt(num); return true; } catch (NullPointerException e) { log.error("ExcelReader-setCurrentSheet", e); } } return false; } /** * 可以看到根据下面的五个参数确定了一个excel文件页面里面的一个矩形区域。 * * @param sheetNum * 文件的页面 * @param firstRowNum * 第一行的行数 * @param lastRowNum * 最后一行的行数 * @param firstColIndex * 第一列的列数 * @param lastColIndex * 最后一列的列数 * @return */ public String[][] getSheetAsTable(int sheetNum, int firstRowNum, int lastRowNum, int firstColIndex, int lastColIndex) { String[][] cells = null; if (setCurrentSheet(sheetNum)) { cells = new String[lastRowNum - firstRowNum + 1][lastColIndex - firstColIndex + 1]; int row = 0; for (int c1 = firstRowNum; c1 <= lastRowNum; c1++) { for (int c2 = firstColIndex; c2 <= lastColIndex; c2++) { try { cells[c1][c2] = getCellAsStringByIndex(c1, c2); } catch (Exception e) { log.error("ExcelReader-getSheetAsTable", e); cells[c1][c2] = ""; } } } } return cells; } /** * 返回指定位置的单元格 * * @param rowId * 设置单元格的行 * @param colId * 设置单元格的列 * @return */ public String getCellAsStringByIndex(int rowId, int colId) { String cellStr = ""; if (sheet != null && rowId < sheet.getLastRowNum() + 1) { try { HSSFRow row = sheet.getRow(rowId); if (row != null) { if (colId < row.getLastCellNum()) { HSSFCell cell = row.getCell((short) colId); if (cell != null) { try { switch (cell.getCellType()) { case 0: {// CELL_TYPE_NUMERIC if (HSSFDateUtil.isCellDateFormatted(cell)) { Date d= HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate( cell.getNumericCellValue()); SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd"); cellStr = df.format(d); }else{ cellStr =Double.toString(cell.getNumericCellValue());
}
break;
}
case 1: {// CELL_TYPE_STRING
cellStr = cell.getStringCellValue();
break;
}
case 2: {
String formula = cell.getCellFormula();
if (formula.indexOf("DATE(") >= 0) {
Date d= HSSFDateUtil.getJavaDate(
cell.getNumericCellValue());
SimpleDateFormat df=new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd");
cellStr = df.format(d);
} else if (formula.indexOf("SUM(") >= 0) {
cellStr = Double.toString(cell
.getNumericCellValue());
}else if (formula.indexOf("SIN(") >= 0) {
cellStr = Double.toString(cell
.getNumericCellValue());
}
else {
cellStr = cell.getStringCellValue();
}
break;
}
case 4: {
cellStr = Boolean.toString(cell.getBooleanCellValue());
break;
}
default: {
cellStr = new String("");
}
if (cellStr == null) {
cellStr = "";
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("ExcelReader-getCellAsStringByIndex", e);
cellStr = "";
}
}
}
}
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("ExcelReader-getCellAsStringByIndex", e);
cellStr = "";
}
}
return cellStr;
}
/**
* 返回指定sheet,指定行,指定列的单元格内容.
* @param sheetNum
* @param rowindex
* @param colIndex
* @return
*/
public String getCellAsStringByIndex(int sheetNum,int rowindex,int colIndex)
{
if(setCurrentSheet(sheetNum)){
return getCellAsStringByIndex(rowindex,colIndex);
}
return "";
}
public void emptyCell(HSSFCell cell){
System.out.println(cell.getCellType());
}
public String getErrorMessage() {
return msg.toString();
}
/**
* 返回当前的页面
* @return
*/
public HSSFSheet getSheet() {
return sheet;
}
/**
* 返回当前的工作簿
* @return
*/
public HSSFWorkbook getWorkbook() {
return workbook;
}
/**
*
* @param fileName
* 要读取的excel文件名
* @param sheetNum
* 要读取的表单的数目
* @param row
* 要读取的单元格行数
* @param col
* 要读取的单元格列数
* @return
*/
public static String readExcel(String fileName, String sheetNum,
String row, String col) {
try {
ExcelReader excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
excelRd.setCurrentSheet(new Integer(sheetNum).intValue() - 1);
return excelRd.getCellAsStringByIndex(
(new Integer(row).intValue() - 1),
(new Integer(col).intValue() - 1));
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "出现异常，可能是文件未找到！";
}
}
/**
* 读取excel文件的一个表格里面的基本信息：最大行数
*
* @param fileName
* 文件名
* @param sheetNum
* 要读取的表单的数目
* @return
*/
public static String readRowInfo(String fileName, String sheetNum) {
try {
ExcelReader excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
excelRd.setCurrentSheet(new Integer(sheetNum).intValue() - 1);
HSSFSheet sheet = excelRd.getSheet();
int rowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum() + 1;
return new Integer(rowNum).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "检查输入的文件是否存在或者页面不存在！";
}
}
/**
* 读取excel中某一个表单的某一行的最大列数
*
* @param fileName
* 文件名
* @param sheetNum
* 表单的数目
* @param row
* 行数
* @return
*/
public static String readColInfo(String fileName, String sheetNum,
String row) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
HSSFSheet sheet;
HSSFRow rowNum;
int colNum;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
excelRd.setCurrentSheet(new Integer(sheetNum).intValue() - 1);
sheet = excelRd.getSheet();
rowNum = sheet.getRow(new Integer(row).intValue());
colNum = rowNum.getLastCellNum();
return new Integer(colNum).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "检查输入的文件是否存在！";
}
}
/**
* 获取文件的工作簿的数目
*
* @param fileName
* 文件名
* @return
*/
public static String readSheetInfo(String fileName) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
HSSFWorkbook workbook;
int sheetNum;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
workbook = excelRd.getWorkbook();
sheetNum = workbook.getNumberOfSheets();
return new Integer(sheetNum).toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return "检查输入的文件是否存在！";
}
}
/**
* 返回指定文件的页面的全部数据
*
* @param fileName
* 文件名
* @param sheetNum
* 文件的表数
* @return String[][]
*/
public static String[][] readAllExcel(String fileName, String sheetNum) {
return readAllExcel(fileName,sheetNum,false);
}
public static List<String[][]> readAllExcel(String fileName, String[] sheetNums) {
return readAllExcel(fileName,sheetNums,false);
}
public static List<String[][]> readAllExcel(String fileName, String[] sheetNums,
boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
return readAllExcel(excelRd, sheetNums, returnMeetFirstNullRow);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 返回指定文件的页面的全部数据,并指定是否在第一行遇到null的时候自动停止继续往下搜索
* @param fileName
* @param sheetNum
* @param returnFirstNullRow
* 遇到第一个空行自动停止继续往下搜索.
* @return
*/
public static String[][] readAllExcel(String fileName, String sheetNum,
boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(fileName);
return readAllExcel(excelRd, sheetNum, returnMeetFirstNullRow);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 返回指定文件的页面的全部数据
* @param input
* @param sheetNum
* @return
*/
public static String[][] readAllExcel(InputStream input, String sheetNum) {
return readAllExcel(input,sheetNum,false);
}
/**
* 私有方法:返回指定excel中的指定sheet内容.
* @param excelRd
* @param sheetNum
* @param returnMeetFirstNullRow
* @return
*/
private static String[][] readAllExcel(ExcelReader excelRd, String sheetNum,
boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
String[] sheetNums = new String[]{sheetNum};
List<String[][]> ans = readAllExcel(excelRd,sheetNums,returnMeetFirstNullRow);
return ans.get(0);
}
/**
* 一次返回多个sheet的内容.
* @param excelRd
* @param sheetNums
* @param returnMeetFirstNullRow
* @return
*/
private static List<String[][]> readAllExcel(ExcelReader excelRd, String[] sheetNums,
boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
//如果遇到第一个空行自动返回,调用下面的方法.
List<String[][]> ans = new ArrayList<String[][]>();
int sheetId;
HSSFSheet sheet;
int maxRowNum;
HSSFRow row;
int maxColNum;
String[][] result;
try {
for(int i=sheetNums.length-1;i>=0;i--){
result = new String[][] {{}};
sheetId = new Integer(sheetNums[i]).intValue() - 1;
excelRd.setCurrentSheet(sheetId);
sheet = excelRd.getSheet();
//如果设置了要遇到第一个空行就自动返回,就计算maxRowNum!
if (returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
maxRowNum = 0;
row = null;
// 得到从0行开始的第一个非空行数.
for (;; maxRowNum++) {
row = sheet.getRow(maxRowNum);
if (row == null) {
if (maxRowNum != 0)
maxRowNum--;
break;
}
}
}
//否则直接取全部的excel的行数
else {
maxRowNum = sheet.getLastRowNum();
}
if(maxRowNum!=0){
// 得到第一行的列数.
row = sheet.getRow(0);
maxColNum = row.getLastCellNum();
result = excelRd.getSheetAsTable(sheetId, 0, maxRowNum, 0,
maxColNum - 1);
}
ans.add(result);
}
excelRd.destory();
return ans;
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 返回指定文件的页面的全部数据
* @param input
* @param sheetNum
* @param returnMeetFirstNullRow 是否遇到空行直接返回
* @return
*/
public static String[][] readAllExcel(InputStream input, String sheetNum,
boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(input);
return readAllExcel(excelRd, sheetNum, returnMeetFirstNullRow);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
/**
* 返回全部的指定sheet中的exlce内容.
* @param input
* @param sheetNums
* @return
*/
public static List<String[][]> readAllExcel(InputStream input, String[] sheetNums) {
return readAllExcel(input,sheetNums,false);
}
/**
* 返回全部的指定sheet中的exlce内容.
* @param input
* @param sheetNums sheet字符串数组
* @param returnMeetFirstNullRow
* @return
*/
public static List<String[][]> readAllExcel(InputStream input,
String[] sheetNums, boolean returnMeetFirstNullRow) {
ExcelReader excelRd;
try {
excelRd = new ExcelReader(input);
return readAllExcel(excelRd, sheetNums, returnMeetFirstNullRow);
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
return null;
}
}
}
ExcelWrite.java
package poi;
import java.beans.Introspector;
import java.beans.PropertyDescriptor;
import java.io.FileInputStream;
import java.io.FileOutputStream;
import java.util.List;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCell;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFCellStyle;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFFont;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFRow;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFSheet;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.util.HSSFColor;
public class ExcelWrite {
/**
* 工作簿
*/
private HSSFWorkbook workbook;
/**
* 日志记录
*/
private Log log = LogFactory.getLog("logger");
/**
* excel表
*/
private HSSFSheet sheet;
/**
* excel文件流
*/
private FileInputStream fis;
/**
* 消息
*/
private StringBuffer msg = null;
public ExcelWrite()
{
}
/**
* 从一个javaBean的集合向目标文件写数据
* @param data 一个装有javaBean的list
* @param targetFile 目标excel文件
*/
public String setSheetFromTable(List data, String targetFile) {
try {
HSSFWorkbook targetWorkbook = new HSSFWorkbook();
FileOutputStream fout = new FileOutputStream(targetFile,true);
setDataToWorksheet(data, targetWorkbook, 0);
targetWorkbook.write(fout);
fout.flush();
fout.close();
return "ok";
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("出现异常", e);
return "";
}
}
/**
* 将list的数据放进excel的一个工作表中去。
* @param data 数据的来源list，是一个来自于数据库的装满了javabean的list
* @param workbook 目的excel工作簿
* @param sheetNum 目的excel工作簿的表格要填写数据的页码
*/
public void setDataToWorksheet(List data,HSSFWorkbook workbook,int sheetNum)
{
HSSFRow title = null;
HSSFSheet sheet = null;
try{
if(data.size()<1)
{
return ;
}
sheet = workbook.createSheet();
//下面设置cell的文字格式
font = workbook.createFont();
font.setFontName(HSSFFont.FONT_ARIAL);
font.setUnderline((byte)1);
font.setColor(HSSFColor.BLUE.index);
//下面设置标题行的样式
titleStyle = workbook.createCellStyle();
titleStyle.setBorderBottom((short)1);
titleStyle.setBorderLeft((short)1);
titleStyle.setBorderRight((short)1);
titleStyle.setBorderTop((short)1);
titleStyle.setFont(font);
titleStyle.setFillForegroundColor(HSSFColor.LIGHT_CORNFLOWER_BLUE.index);
titleStyle.setFillPattern(HSSFCellStyle.SOLID_FOREGROUND);
//取list中的第一个数据，进行属性名称的读取，准备放到excel表格中的第一行
Object aData = data.get(0);
PropertyDescriptor[] props = Introspector.getBeanInfo(
aData.getClass(), Object.class).getPropertyDescriptors();
//在表格的第一行建立一个数据行，用来放置这些属性的名称
title = sheet.createRow(0);
//设置行高.注意值设置的很大。。
title.setHeight((short)500);
for(short temp = 0; temp < props.length; temp++)
{ HSSFCell cell = title.createCell(temp);
cell.setCellStyle(titleStyle);
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(props[temp].getShortDescription());
//设置各个列的宽度
sheet.setColumnWidth((short)temp, (short)5000);
}
for(int temp = 0;temp<data.size();temp++)
{
//实际的数据是开始从第二行开始进行传递的
HSSFRow row = sheet.createRow(temp+1);
//取出javabean对象里面的各个属性的值
Object obj = data.get(temp);
String values[] = getPropertyOfBean(obj);
for(short cellNum=0;cellNum<values.length;cellNum++){
HSSFCell cell = row.createCell(cellNum);
cell.setCellType(HSSFCell.CELL_TYPE_STRING);
cell.setCellValue(values[cellNum]);
}
}
}catch(Exception e)
{
log.error("出现bug",e);
}
}
HSSFFont font = null;
HSSFCellStyle titleStyle = null;
/**
* 设置excel表格的样式
*
*/
private void setStyle()
{
}
/**
* 根据一个javabean对象，返回这个对象的属性值集合，使用到反射机制。
* @return
*/
private String[] getPropertyOfBean(Object obj) {
String[] result = null;
try {
PropertyDescriptor[] props = Introspector.getBeanInfo(
obj.getClass(), Object.class).getPropertyDescriptors();
result = new String[props.length];
for (int temp = 0; temp < props.length; temp++) {
try {
result[temp] = props[temp].getReadMethod().invoke(obj)
.toString();
} catch (Exception e) {
log.error("出现异常", e);
return null;
}
}
} catch (Exception e1) {
log.error("出现异常", e1);
return null;
}
return result;
}
}
同时支持excel2003和excel2007的java类:
对excel2003和excel2007使用的java类是不一样的,对于2003使用的java类前缀一般为HSSF,例如HSSFWorkbook,HSSFCell等,而对于2007前缀是XSSF,例如XSSFWorkbook类等.
下面的这个类创建一个workBook对象,并根据excel文件自动进行判断需要实例化2003的excel解析类还是2007的excel的解析类:
package poi;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStream;
import java.io.PushbackInputStream;
import org.apache.poi.POIXMLDocument;
import org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.exceptions.InvalidFormatException;
import org.apache.poi.openxml4j.opc.OPCPackage;
import org.apache.poi.poifs.filesystem.POIFSFileSystem;
import org.apache.poi.ss.usermodel.Workbook;
import org.apache.poi.xssf.usermodel.XSSFWorkbook;
public class WorkbookFactory {
/**
* Creates an HSSFWorkbook from the given POIFSFileSystem
*/
public static Workbook create(POIFSFileSystem fs) throws IOException {
return new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
}
/**
* Creates an XSSFWorkbook from the given OOXML Package
*/
public static Workbook create(OPCPackage pkg) throws IOException {
return new XSSFWorkbook(pkg);
}
public static Workbook create(InputStream inp) throws IOException, InvalidFormatException {
if(! inp.markSupported()) {
inp = new PushbackInputStream(inp, 8);
}
if(POIFSFileSystem.hasPOIFSHeader(inp)) {
return new HSSFWorkbook(inp);
}
if(POIXMLDocument.hasOOXMLHeader(inp)) {
return new XSSFWorkbook(OPCPackage.open(inp));
}
throw new IllegalArgumentException("Your InputStream was neither an OLE2 stream, nor an OOXML stream");
}
}
|
然后在调用生成workbook对象的时候,一律使用超类型即可,不要再使用HSSFWorkBook或者XSSFWorkBook的类型就行了!
例如下面的例子:ExcelReader.java,将其中的所有的构造函数中修改使用上面的create方法创建返回workBook对象即可!并且去掉所有前缀含有HSSF的类名即可!!
public ExcelReader(File exl) throws IOException {
fis = new FileInputStream(exl);
workbook = WorkbookFactory .create(fis);
msg = new StringBuffer();
}
public ExcelReader(String exlFileName) throws IOException {
File file = new File(exlFileName);
fis = new FileInputStream(file);
workbook = WorkbookFactory .create(fis);
msg = new StringBuffer();
}
public ExcelReader(InputStream input) throws IOException {
workbook =WorkbookFactory .create(fis);
msg = new StringBuffer();
}
|
在实践中,遇到了这样的一个异常:
java.lang.NegativeArraySizeException
at org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTDeserializer.readStringRemainder(SSTDeserializer.java:335)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTDeserializer.processContinueRecord(SSTDeserializer.java:320)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.record.SSTRecord.processContinueRecord(SSTRecord.java:539)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.record.RecordFactory.createRecords(RecordFactory.java:216)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook.<init>(HSSFWorkbook.java:181)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook.<init>(HSSFWorkbook.java:228)
at org.apache.poi.hssf.usermodel.HSSFWorkbook.<init>(HSSFWorkbook.java:209)
找了很久,结果换成使用最新的poi包,以及修改使用上面的create()创建新的workBook对象就可以了(后来不改这个类也可以,仅仅换包就行了),有点奇怪,不知道怎么引起的...