关于REST是什么东西,在这里我就不再多说,大家可以去http://blog.csdn.net/pilou5400/archive/2010/12/24/6096861.aspx看看介绍,直接切入主题:
这是一个rest风格的访问,Spring从3.0开始将全面支持rest。不得不感叹Spring的强悍。
项目结构:
第一步永远是配置,使用框架永远都是先有配置,在web.xml中的配置:
[xhtml] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]--><web-app version="3.0"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]--> xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]--> xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]--> xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]--> http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]--> <display-name></display-name>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8. <!--[endif]--> <context-param>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9. <!--[endif]--> <!--rest配置文件的路径,貌似不配置也是加载这个地址,这个地方有点疑问,大家指点指点-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<!--[endif]--> <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<!--[endif]--> <param-value>/WEB-INF/rest-servlet.xml</param-value>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->12.<!--[endif]--> </context-param>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->13.<!--[endif]--> <listener>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->14.<!--[endif]--> <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->15.<!--[endif]--> </listener>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->16.<!--[endif]--> <servlet>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->17.<!--[endif]--> <!-- 配置一个Servlet,有这个Servlet统一调度页面的请求 -->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->18.<!--[endif]--> <servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->19.<!--[endif]--> <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->20.<!--[endif]--> <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->21.<!--[endif]--> </servlet>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->22.<!--[endif]--> <servlet-mapping>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->23.<!--[endif]--> <!-- 映射路径,不要写成了/*那样会拦截所有的访问,连JSP页面都访问不了 -->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->24.<!--[endif]--> <servlet-name>rest</servlet-name>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->25.<!--[endif]--> <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->26.<!--[endif]--> </servlet-mapping>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->27.<!--[endif]--> <welcome-file-list>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->28.<!--[endif]--> <welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->29.<!--[endif]--> </welcome-file-list>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->30.<!--[endif]--></web-app>
第二步:配置rest-servlet.xml这个文件
[xhtml] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]--><?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]--><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]--> xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]--> xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]--> xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]--> xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.5.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd"
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]--> default-lazy-init="true">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8. <!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9. <!--[endif]--> <description>Spring公共配置</description>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<!--[endif]--> <!--检测注解-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->12.<!--[endif]--> <context:component-scan base-package="com.liqiu" />
<!--[if !supportLists]-->13.<!--[endif]--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.DefaultAnnotationHandlerMapping" />
<!--[if !supportLists]-->14.<!--[endif]--> <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter" />
<!--[if !supportLists]-->15.<!--[endif]--><!-- 注册视图解析器,说白了就是根据返回值指定到某个页面 -->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->16.<!--[endif]--> <bean id="viewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->17.<!--[endif]--> <property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.JstlView" />
<!--[if !supportLists]-->18.<!--[endif]--> <property name="prefix" value="/"></property> <!--页面文件的路径,在根目录下-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->19.<!--[endif]--> </bean>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->20.<!--[endif]--></beans>
第三步:具体实现类
[java] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]-->package com.liqiu.controller;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]-->import java.io.IOException;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]-->import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]-->import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8. <!--[endif]-->import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9. <!--[endif]-->import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<!--[endif]-->import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<!--[endif]-->import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->12.<!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->13.<!--[endif]-->@Controller
<!--[if !supportLists]-->14.<!--[endif]-->@RequestMapping("/simple")
<!--[if !supportLists]-->15.<!--[endif]-->public class SimpleController {
<!--[if !supportLists]-->16.<!--[endif]--> //映射路径/simple/index当访问这个路径时,执行这个方法
<!--[if !supportLists]-->17.<!--[endif]--> @RequestMapping("/index")
<!--[if !supportLists]-->18.<!--[endif]--> public String index(HttpServletRequest request ,HttpServletResponse response){
<!--[if !supportLists]-->19.<!--[endif]--> //response,request会自动传进来
<!--[if !supportLists]-->20.<!--[endif]--> request.setAttribute("message", "Hello,This is a example of Spring3 RESTful!");
<!--[if !supportLists]-->21.<!--[endif]--> return "index.jsp";
<!--[if !supportLists]-->22.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->23.<!--[endif]--> //根据ID获取不同的内容,通过@PathVariable 获得属性
<!--[if !supportLists]-->24.<!--[endif]--> @RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
<!--[if !supportLists]-->25.<!--[endif]--> public String get(@PathVariable String id,HttpServletRequest request ,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
<!--[if !supportLists]-->26.<!--[endif]--> request.setAttribute("message", "Hello,This is a example of Spring3 RESTful!<br/>ID:"+id+"");
<!--[if !supportLists]-->27.<!--[endif]--> //response.getWriter().write("You put id is : "+id);
<!--[if !supportLists]-->28.<!--[endif]--> return "index.jsp";
<!--[if !supportLists]-->29.<!--[endif]--> //return null;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->30.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->31.<!--[endif]-->}
index.jsp页面:
[xhtml] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]--><%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]--><html>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]--> <head>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]--> <title>Spring3 RESTful</title>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]--> </head>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]--> <body>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8. <!--[endif]--> ${message}
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9. <!--[endif]--> </body>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<!--[endif]--></html>
在浏览器中输入:http://localhost:8080/SpringREST/simple/index/,就可以看到效果。
也可以在页面输入不同的参数,获得不同的内容,输入地址:http://localhost:8080/SpringREST/simple/88888,这次执行的就是get方法,通过注解获取ID值,效果:
<!--[if gte vml 1]><v:shape id="图片_x0020_2" o:spid="_x0000_i1026" type="#_x0000_t75" alt="说明: spring rest id" style='width:484.5pt;height:84pt;visibility:visible;mso-wrap-style:square'> <v:imagedata src="file:///C:\Users\ADMINI~1\AppData\Local\Temp\msohtmlclip1\01\clip_image003.jpg" o:title="spring rest id"/> </v:shape><![endif]--><!--[if !vml]--><!--[endif]-->
关于Spring rest 对于Ajax的支持,其实响应Ajax就是通过response返回一个字符串到页面,既然能获得response对象,那问题就迎刃而解了,我们改造下get方法:
[java] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]-->@RequestMapping(value="/{id}",method=RequestMethod.GET)
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]--> public String get(@PathVariable String id,HttpServletRequest request ,HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException{
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]--> //request.setAttribute("message", "Hello,This is a example of Spring3 RESTful!<br/>ID:"+id+"");
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]--> response.getWriter().write("You put id is : "+id);
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]--> //return "index.jsp";
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]--> return null;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]--> }
改造index.jsp页面:
[xhtml] view plaincopy
<!--[if !supportLists]-->1. <!--[endif]--><%@ page language="java" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->2. <!--[endif]--><html>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->3. <!--[endif]--> <head>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->4. <!--[endif]--> <title>Spring3 RESTful</title>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->5. <!--[endif]--> <SCRIPT TYPE="text/javascript">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->6. <!--[endif]--> function go(value){
<!--[if !supportLists]-->7. <!--[endif]--> var url = "/SpringREST/simple/"+value+"/";
<!--[if !supportLists]-->8. <!--[endif]--> var request = new XMLHttpRequest();
<!--[if !supportLists]-->9. <!--[endif]--> request.open("GET", url, true);
<!--[if !supportLists]-->10.<!--[endif]--> request.setRequestHeader("Content-Type","application/x-javascript;");
<!--[if !supportLists]-->11.<!--[endif]--> request.onreadystatechange = function() {
<!--[if !supportLists]-->12.<!--[endif]--> if (request.readyState == 4) {
<!--[if !supportLists]-->13.<!--[endif]--> if (request.status == 200){
<!--[if !supportLists]-->14.<!--[endif]--> if (request.responseText) {
<!--[if !supportLists]-->15.<!--[endif]--> document.getElementById("text").innerHTML = request.responseText;
<!--[if !supportLists]-->16.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->17.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->18.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->19.<!--[endif]--> };
<!--[if !supportLists]-->20.<!--[endif]--> request.send(null);
<!--[if !supportLists]-->21.<!--[endif]--> }
<!--[if !supportLists]-->22.<!--[endif]--> </SCRIPT>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->23.<!--[endif]--> </head>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->24.<!--[endif]-->
<!--[if !supportLists]-->25.<!--[endif]--> <body>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->26.<!--[endif]--> ${message}
<!--[if !supportLists]-->27.<!--[endif]--> <br>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->28.<!--[endif]--> Input the id of you will access object:<input id="id" type="text" size="7"><input type="button" value="Go" onclick="go(document.getElementById('id').value)">
<!--[if !supportLists]-->29.<!--[endif]--> <div id="text"></div>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->30.<!--[endif]--> </body>
<!--[if !supportLists]-->31.<!--[endif]--></html>
访问http://localhost:8080/SpringREST/simple/index/,在页面里的输入框中输入值,可以看到返回的数据.
DEMO下载:http://download.csdn.net/source/3383568