RMAN备份方案

　　RMAN备份归档模式下损坏(丢失)多个数据文件，进行整个数据库的恢复

　　1、连接数据库，创建测试表并插入记录

　　SQL*Plus: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production on Tue May 6 13:46:32 2003 oracle培训

　　(c) Copyright 1999 Oracle Corporation. All rights reserved.

　　SQL> connect internal/password as sysdba;

　　Connected.

　　SQL> create table test(a int);

　　Table created

　　SQL> insert into test values(1);

　　1 row inserted

　　SQL> commit;

　　Commit complete

　　2、备份数据库

　　DOS下 C:>\ rman cmdfile=bakup.rcv msglog=backup.log;

　　以下是backup.log内容。

　　Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production

　　RMAN> # script:bakup.rcv

　　2> # creater:chenjiping

　　3> # date:5.8.2003

　　4> # desc:backup all database datafile in archive with rman

　　5>

　　6> #connect database

　　7> connect rcvcat rman/rman@back ;

　　8> connect target internal/virpure;

　　9>

　　10> #start backup database

　　11> run{

　　12> allocate channel c1 type disk;

　　13> backup full tag 'dbfull' format 'd:\backup\full%u_%s_%p' database

　　14> include current controlfile;

　　15> sql 'alter system archive log current';

　　16> release channel c1;

　　17> }

　　18> #end

　　19>

　　RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

　　RMAN-06005: connected to target database: TEST (DBID=1788174720)

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate

　　RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1

　　RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=15 devtype=DISK

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: backup

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: backup

　　RMAN-08008: channel c1: starting full datafile backupset

　　RMAN-08502: set_count=4 set_stamp=494074368 creation_time=15-MAY-03

　　RMAN-08010: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) in backupset

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00002 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\RBS01.DBF

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00001 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF

　　RMAN-08011: including current controlfile in backupset

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00005 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\TOOLS01.DBF

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00004 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\TEMP01.DBF

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00006 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\INDX01.DBF

　　RMAN-08522: input datafile fno=00003 name=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\USER01.DBF

　　RMAN-08013: channel c1: piece 1 created

　　RMAN-08503: piece handle=D:\BACKUP\FULL04EN5UG0_4_1 comment=NONE

　　RMAN-08525: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:16

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

　　RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog

　　RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql

　　RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter system archive log current

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: release

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: release

　　RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

　　Recovery Manager complete.

　　到这里表示备份成功。

　　3、继续在测试表中插入记录

　　SQL> insert into test values(2);

　　1 row inserted

　　SQL> commit;

　　Commit complete

　　SQL> select * from test;

　　A

　　---------------------------------------

　　1

　　2

　　SQL> alter system switch logfile;

　　System altered.

　　SQL> alter system switch logfile;

　　System altered.

　　4、关闭数据库，模拟丢失数据文件

　　SQL> shutdown immediate;

　　Database closed.

　　Database dismounted.

　　ORACLE instance shut down

　　C:\>del D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF

　　C:\>del D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\INDX01.DBF

　　C:\>del D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\TOOLS01.DBF

　　C:\>del D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\RBS01.DBF

　　5、启动数据库，检查错误

　　SQL> STARTUP

　　ORACLE instance started.

　　Total System Global Area 102020364 bytes

　　Fixed Size 70924 bytes

　　Variable Size 85487616 bytes

　　Database Buffers 16384000 bytes

　　Redo Buffers 77824 bytes

　　Database mounted.

　　ORA-01157: cannot identify/lock data file 1 - see DBWR trace file

　　ORA-01110: data file 1: 'D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF'

　　查询v$recover_file

　　SQL> select * from v$recover_file;

　　FILE# ONLINE ERROR CHANGE# TIME

　　---------- ------- ------------------ ---------- -----------

　　1 ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0

　　2 ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0

　　5 ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0

　　6 ONLINE FILE NOT FOUND 0

　　可以知道有四个数据文件需要恢复

　　6、利用RMAN进行恢复

　　C:\>rman

　　Recovery Manager: Release 8.1.6.0.0 - Production

　　RMAN> connect rcvcat rman/rman@back

　　RMAN-06008: connected to recovery catalog database

　　RMAN> connect target internal/virpure

　　RMAN-06005: connected to target database: TEST (DBID=1788174720)

　　RMAN> run{

　　2> allocate channel c1 type disk;

　　3> restore database;

　　4> recover database;

　　5> sql 'alter database open';

　　6> release channel c1;

　　7> }

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: allocate

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: allocate

　　RMAN-08030: allocated channel: c1

　　RMAN-08500: channel c1: sid=17 devtype=DISK

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: restore

　　RMAN-03025: performing implicit partial resync of recovery catalog

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

　　RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog

　　RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: IRESTORE

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: IRESTORE

　　RMAN-08016: channel c1: starting datafile backupset restore

　　RMAN-08502: set_count=4 set_stamp=494074368 creation_time=15-MAY-03

　　RMAN-08089: channel c1: specifying datafile(s) to restore from backup set

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00001 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\SYSTEM01.DBF

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00002 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\RBS01.DBF

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00003 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\USER01.DBF

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00004 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\TEMP01.DBF

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00005 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\TOOLS01.DBF

　　RMAN-08523: restoring datafile 00006 to D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\INDX01.DBF

　　RMAN-08023: channel c1: restored backup piece 1

　　RMAN-08511: piece handle=D:\BACKUP\FULL04EN5UG0_4_1 tag=DBFULL params=NULL

　　RMAN-08024: channel c1: restore complete

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: partial resync

　　RMAN-08003: starting partial resync of recovery catalog

　　RMAN-08005: partial resync complete

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(1)

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(2)

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(3)

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(3)

　　RMAN-08054: starting media recovery

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: recover(4)

　　RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 327 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00327.ARC

　　RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 328 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00328.ARC

　　RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 329 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00329.ARC

　　RMAN-06050: archivelog thread 1 sequence 330 is already on disk as file D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00330.ARC

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: recover(4)

　　RMAN-08515: archivelog filename=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00327.ARC thread=1 sequence=327

　　RMAN-08515: archivelog filename=D:\ORACLE\ORADATA\TEST\ARCHIVE\TESTT001S00328.ARC thread=1 sequence=328

　　RMAN-08055: media recovery complete

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: sql

　　RMAN-06162: sql statement: alter database open

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: sql

　　RMAN-03022: compiling command: release

　　RMAN-03023: executing command: release

　　RMAN-08031: released channel: c1

　　RMAN>

　　7、检查数据库的数据(完全恢复)

　　SQL> select * from test;

　　A

　　---------------------------------------

　　1

　　2

　　说明：

　　1、只要有备份与归档存在，RMAN也可以实现数据库的完全恢复(不丢失数据)

　　2、同OS备份数据库恢复，适合于丢失大量数据文件，或包含系统数据文件在内的数据库的恢复

　　3、目标数据库在mount下进行，如果恢复成功，再打开数据库。

　　4、RMAN的备份与恢复命令相对比较简单并可靠，建议有条件的话，都采用RMAN进行数据库的备份。