HttpClient 4 发送自定义 cookie

1.简介

文章将介绍在Apache HttpClient 4 中cookie的使用。

2.在HttpClient中配置管理cookie

2.1 HttpClient 4.3以后

在新的HttpClient 4.3中。我们将充分利用开放的API来管理设置我们的客户端链接
首先，我们需要创造一个cookie store 并将我们的cookie 放入里面：

BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
    BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID", "1234");
    cookie.setDomain(".github.com");
    cookie.setPath("/");
    cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);

然后，我们在HttpClient 上设置我们刚刚创建的cookie并发送请求：

@Test
public void whenSettingCookiesOnTheHttpClient_thenCookieSentCorrectly() 
  throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
    BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
    BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID", "1234");
    cookie.setDomain(".github.com");
    cookie.setPath("/");
    cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);
    HttpClient client = HttpClientBuilder.create().setDefaultCookieStore(cookieStore).build();</p>
<pre><code>final HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://www.github.com");

response = client.execute(request);
assertThat(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), equalTo(200));
</code>

} 设置那个域名十分重要。不设置的话，客户端将不会发送cookie，相当于cookie绑定在.github.com上

2.2. HttpClient 4.3之前

在4.3之前的HttpClient 版本中，cookie是直接设置在HttpClient上的。

@Test
public void givenUsingDeprecatedApi_whenSettingCookiesOnTheHttpClient_thenCorrect() 
  throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
    BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
    BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID", "1234");
    cookie.setDomain(".github.com");
    cookie.setPath("/");
    cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);
    DefaultHttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
    client.setCookieStore(cookieStore);</p>
<pre><code>HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://www.github.com");

response = client.execute(request);
assertThat(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), equalTo(200));
</code>

} 除了client 的创建，其他地方没有区别;

设置cookie请求

要设置整个HttpClient 的cookie ,我们可以单独配置请求cookie：

@Test
public void whenSettingCookiesOnTheRequest_thenCookieSentCorrectly() 
  throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
    BasicCookieStore cookieStore = new BasicCookieStore();
    BasicClientCookie cookie = new BasicClientCookie("JSESSIONID", "1234");
    cookie.setDomain(".github.com");
    cookie.setPath("/");
    cookieStore.addCookie(cookie);
    instance = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();</p>
<pre><code>HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://www.github.com");

HttpContext localContext = new BasicHttpContext();
localContext.setAttribute(HttpClientContext.COOKIE_STORE, cookieStore);
// localContext.setAttribute(ClientContext.COOKIE_STORE, cookieStore); // before 4.3
response = instance.execute(request, localContext);

assertThat(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), equalTo(200));
</code>

}

在header上设置cookie

在Header上设置简单的cookie值用于请求

@Test
public void whenSettingCookiesOnARequest_thenCorrect() 
  throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
    instance = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
    HttpGet request = new HttpGet("http://www.github.com");
    request.setHeader("Cookie", "JSESSIONID=1234");
    response = instance.execute(request);
    assertThat(response.getStatusLine().getStatusCode(), equalTo(200));
    }

这比使用上面方法创建的cookie更容易出错，在我们没有设置域名的情况下，这样的做法就是错的。

结束

本文演示了如何使用Httpclient自定义cookie发送请求