Struts上路_09-数据类型转换
1.strtus2的自动类型转换：
1）web.xml ：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"> <!-- Struts2的核心拦截器 --> <filter> <filter-name>StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ng.filter.StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>StrutsPrepareAndExecuteFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.action</url-pattern> <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> </web-app>
2）struts.xml ：
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE struts PUBLIC "-//Apache Software Foundation//DTD Struts Configuration 2.3//EN" "http://struts.apache.org/dtds/struts-2.3.dtd"> <struts> <package name="pkgTypeConvert" namespace="/pkgTypeConvert" extends="struts-default"> <action name="ActionTypeConvert" class="cn.cvu.action.ActionTypeConvert" method="typeConvert"> <result name="success">/typeConvert.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
3）请求页面：
<%@ page language="java" import="java.util.*" pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<html>
<head>
<title>Iindex page</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/pkgTypeConvert/ActionTypeConvert.action">
userName:<input type="text" name="userName"> <br>
passWord:<input type="password" name="passWord"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
</html>
4）Action处理类：
package cn.cvu.action;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class ActionTypeConvert extends ActionSupport {
//与页面元素同名的属性，并且get/set。struts通过反射机制获取
private String userName;
private String passWord;
public String typeConvert() {
//获取参数的方式一，使用ServletActionContext工具类
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
String username = request.getParameter("userName");
String password = request.getParameter("passWord");
System.out.println("typeConvert: "+username+","+password+"\n");
//获取参数的方式二，使用struts2自动获取
System.out.println("User's Message: "+userName+","+passWord);
return "success";
}
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassWord() {
return passWord;
}
public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}
}
5）反馈页面：
<body> typeConvert~~~ </body>
6）测试：
2.自定义类型转换：
1）请求页面：
<body>
<form action="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/pkgTypeConvert/ActionTypeConvert.action">
userName:<input type="text" name="userName"> <br>
passWord:<input type="password" name="passWord"> <br>
birthday:<input type="text" name="birthday"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
2）Action处理类：
package cn.cvu.action;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class ActionTypeConvert extends ActionSupport {
//与页面元素同名的属性，并且get/set。struts通过反射机制获取
private String userName;
private String passWord;
private Date birthday;
public String typeConvert() {
//获取参数的方式一，使用ServletActionContext工具类
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
String username = request.getParameter("userName");
String password = request.getParameter("passWord");
String birthDay = request.getParameter("birthday");
System.out.println("typeConvert: "+username+","+password+","+birthDay+"\n");
//获取参数的方式二，使用struts2自动获取
System.out.println("User's Message: "+userName+","+passWord+","+birthday);
return "success";
}
public String getUserName() { }
public void setUserName(String userName) { }
public String getPassWord() { }
public void setPassWord(String passWord) { }
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
}
3）类型转换类：
package cn.cvu.action;
import java.text.ParseException;
import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;
import java.util.Date;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.conversion.impl.DefaultTypeConverter;
public class DateTypeConvert extends DefaultTypeConverter {
//覆盖此方法
//value:源类型，toType:目标类型
public Object convertValue(Object value, Class toType) {
System.out.println("value:" + value + "toType:" + toType);
//判断输入生日为空
if (value==null || "".equals(value)) {
return false;
}
//判断目标输出类型为空
if (toType==null || "".equals(toType)) {
return false;
}
//判断输出是否为目标类型
if (toType!=java.util.Date.class) {
return false;
}
//确认传入数据位字符串
if (value instanceof java.lang.String[]) {
String[] strs = (String[])value;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
try {
if (strs != null && strs.length>0) {
//按照指定格式返回日期
return sdf.parse(strs[0]);
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
return new Date();
}
}
4）属性配置文件：
和Action类统计目录。命名格式：需转换参数所在Action类-conversion.properties 。
birthday=cn.cvu.action.DateTypeConvert
5）测试：
3.错误信息提示：
1）struts.xml配置：
<struts> <package name="pkgTypeConvert" namespace="/pkgTypeConvert" extends="struts-default"> <action name="ActionTypeConvert" class="cn.cvu.action.ActionTypeConvert" method="typeConvert"> <result name="success">/typeConvert.jsp</result> <!-- input是固定的。全部错误即转到后面的jsp页面 --> <result name="input">/errorConvert.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
2）错误页面：
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"
pageEncoding="UTF-8"%>
<%@ taglib uri="/struts-tags" prefix="s" %>
<html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
类型转换错误！<br>
<s:fielderror fieldName="birthday"></s:fielderror>
</body>
</html>
3）类型转换类：
public class DateTypeConvert extends DefaultTypeConverter {
//覆盖此方法
//value:源类型，toType:目标类型
public Object convertValue(Object value, Class toType) {
System.out.println("value:" + value + "toType:" + toType);
//判断输入生日为空
if (value==null || "".equals(value)) {
return false;
}
//判断目标输出类型为空
if (toType==null || "".equals(toType)) {
return false;
}
//判断输出是否为目标类型
if (toType!=java.util.Date.class) {
return false;
}
//确认传入数据位字符串
if (value instanceof java.lang.String[]) {
String[] strs = (String[])value;
SimpleDateFormat sdf = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy/MM/dd");
try {
if (strs != null && strs.length>0) {
//按照指定格式返回日期
return sdf.parse(strs[0]);
}
} catch (ParseException e) {
//如果不抛出异常，struts会认为成功
throw new RuntimeException(e);
}
}
return new Date();
}
}
4）测试：
5）中文信息提示：
1》在和Action类同级目录创建自定义名称的properties文件。
xwork.default.invalid.fieldvalue=\u7C7B\u578B\u8F6C\u6362\u6709\u8BEF"{0}"
2》在struts.xml中加载自定义资源文件。
<struts> <!-- 如果有其它资源文件，用逗号隔开 --> <constant name="struts.custom.i18n.resources" value="cn.cvu.action.error_convert"></constant> <package name="pkgTypeConvert" namespace="/pkgTypeConvert" extends="struts-default"> <action name="ActionTypeConvert" class="cn.cvu.action.ActionTypeConvert" method="typeConvert"> <result name="success">/typeConvert.jsp</result> <result name="input">/errorConvert.jsp</result> </action> </package> </struts>
3》测试：
6）针对性中文信息提示：
1》修改properties文件：针对某个属性进行配置。
invalid.fieldvalue.birthday=\u751F\u65E5\u8F6C\u6362\u9519\u8BEF
2》测试：
4.全局类型转换：
首先取消上文中的类型转换配置，重命名ActionTypeConvert-conversion.properties。
1）全局配置文件：
在src下创建指定名称的xwork-conversion.properties文件：
内容：目标类型=目标类型转换类
java.util.Date=cn.cvu.action.DateTypeConvert
2）测试：
5.使用avaBean数据封装：
1）请求页面：
<body>
<form action="${ pageContext.request.contextPath }/pkgTypeConvert/ActionTypeConvert.action">
<!-- 这里使用了singer.前缀 -->
userName:<input type="text" name="singer.userName"> <br>
passWord:<input type="password" name="singer.passWord"> <br>
birthday:<input type="text" name="birthday"> <br>
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</form>
</body>
2）JavaBean：
package cn.cvu.bean;
public class BeanSinger {
private String userName;
private String passWord;
public String getUserName() {
return userName;
}
public void setUserName(String userName) {
this.userName = userName;
}
public String getPassWord() {
return passWord;
}
public void setPassWord(String passWord) {
this.passWord = passWord;
}
@Override
public String toString() {
return "BeanSinger [userName=" + userName + ", passWord=" + passWord
+ "]";
}
}
3）Action处理类：
package cn.cvu.action;
import java.util.Date;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.apache.struts2.ServletActionContext;
import cn.cvu.bean.BeanSinger;
import com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionSupport;
public class ActionTypeConvert extends ActionSupport {
//使用一个JavaBean对数据进行封装
private BeanSinger singer;
private Date birthday;
public String typeConvert() {
//方式一，使用ServletActionContext
HttpServletRequest request = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
String username = request.getParameter("singer.userName");
String password = request.getParameter("singer.passWord");
String birthDay = request.getParameter("birthday");
System.out.println("typeConvert: "+username+","+password+","+birthDay+"\n");
//方式二，使用struts2自动化
System.out.println("User's Message: "+singer.toString()+","+birthday);
return "success";
}
public BeanSinger getSinger() {
return singer;
}
public void setSinger(BeanSinger singer) {
this.singer = singer;
}
public Date getBirthday() {
return birthday;
}
public void setBirthday(Date birthday) {
this.birthday = birthday;
}
}
4）测试：
- end