AndroidGUI20:GridView常用技巧

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GridView AdapterView 的派生类, AdapterView ViewGroup 的派生类, ViewGroup View 的派生类。

什么是 GridView ?官方的说法是:

A view that shows items in two-dimensional scrolling grid. The items in the grid come from the ListAdapter associated with this view

这句话包含以下几个意思:

+ GridView 是一个二维可滚动的网格视图

+ GridView 中的数据是有与之关联的 ListAdapter 提供的

下面就一个具体的例子来说明 GridView 的用法。

1. 创建一个项目,修改 main.xml 使之如下:

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>

< GridView xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:id = "@+id/gridview"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "fill_parent"

android:background = "#333"

android:columnWidth = "90px"

android:numColumns = "auto_fit"

android:horizontalSpacing = "6px"

android:verticalSpacing = "6px"

android:stretchMode = "columnWidth"

android:gravity = "center" >

<!--

android:columnWidth Set the width of columns in the grid.

android:numColumns Set the number of columns in the grid.

android:stretchMode Control how items are stretched to fill their space.

-->

</ GridView >

2. 将相关的图片拖入 res/drawable-mdpi 文件夹中:

以上各图对应的文件名分别为:

.aa.png, al.png, ar.png. au.png, cf.png, cn .png, dm .png, eu .png, fa .png, gr .png, hk .png, in .png, ma .png, pk .png, ru .png, sk .png, uk .png, us .png,

3. 自定义 Adapter ,使之如下:

package com.pat.gui;

import android.content.Context;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.BaseAdapter;

import android.widget.GridView;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter

{

private Context ctx;

private int[] images =

{

R.drawable.aa, // Austria

R.drawable.al, // Algeria

R.drawable.ar, // Argentina

R.drawable.au, // Austrilia

R.drawable.cf, // Swizterland

R.drawable.cn, // China

R.drawable.dm, // Denmark

R.drawable.eu, // European Union

R.drawable.fa, // France

R.drawable.gr, // Greece

R.drawable.hk, // Hong Kong

R.drawable.in, // India

R.drawable.ma, // Macau

R.drawable.pk, // Pakistan

R.drawable.ru, // Russia

R.drawable.sk, // South Korea

R.drawable.uk, // United Kingdom

R.drawable.us // United States

};

public ImageAdapter(Context ctx)

{

this.ctx = ctx;

}

//@Override

public int getCount()

{

return images.length;

}

//@Override

public Object getItem(int position)

{

return images[position];

}

//@Override

public long getItemId(int position)

{

return images[position];

}

//@Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)

{

ImageView view = (ImageView)convertView;

if(view == null)

{

view = new ImageView(ctx);

}

view.setLayoutParams(new GridView.LayoutParams(90, 90));

view.setScaleType(ImageView.ScaleType.CENTER_INSIDE);

view.setPadding(1, 1, 1, 1);

view.setImageResource(images[position]);

return view;

}

}

4. 修改 Activity 所对应的代码,使之如下:

package com.pat.gui;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.GridView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

public class ControlGridView extends Activity

implements

OnItemClickListener

{

private GridView gridview;

private ImageAdapter adapter;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

gridview = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.gridview);

adapter = new ImageAdapter(this);

gridview.setAdapter(adapter);

gridview.setOnItemClickListener(this);

}

//@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)

{

Toast.makeText(this, "" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

输出结果:

AndroidGUI20:GridView常用技巧_第1张图片

点击中国,得到:

AndroidGUI20:GridView常用技巧_第2张图片

5. 如果想实现下面这样的效果:

AndroidGUI20:GridView常用技巧_第3张图片

则在上面的基础上,要做以下变动:

a. 修改 strings.xml 使之如下:

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>

< resources >

< string name = "hello" > Hello World, ControlGridView! </ string >

< string name = "app_name" > AndroidGUITwenty </ string >

< string name = "aa" > Austria </ string >

< string name = "al" > Algeria </ string >

< string name = "ar" > Argentina </ string >

< string name = "au" > Austrilia </ string >

< string name = "cf" > Switzerland </ string >

< string name = "cn" > China </ string >

< string name = "dm" > Denmark </ string >

< string name = "eu" > European Union </ string >

< string name = "fa" > France </ string >

< string name = "gr" > Greece </ string >

< string name = "hk" > Hong Kong </ string >

< string name = "in" > India </ string >

< string name = "ma" > Macau </ string >

< string name = "pk" > Pakistan </ string >

< string name = "ru" > Russia </ string >

< string name = "sk" > South Korea </ string >

< string name = "uk" > United Kingdom </ string >

< string name = "us" > United States </ string >

</ resources >

b. res/layout 文件夹下,增加一个 xml 文件: itemview.xml

<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "utf-8" ?>

< LinearLayout

xmlns:android = "http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"

android:orientation = "vertical"

android:layout_width = "fill_parent"

android:layout_height = "wrap_content" >

< ImageView

android:id = "@+id/imageview"

android:layout_width = "90px"

android:layout_height = "90px"

/>

< TextView

android:id = "@+id/textview"

android:layout_width = "90px"

android:layout_height = "40px"

android:textSize = "14px"

android:gravity = "center_horizontal"

android:text = ""

/>

</ LinearLayout >

c. 修改自定义的 Adapter 代码,使之如下:

package com.pat.gui;

import android.content.Context;

import android.view.LayoutInflater;

import android.view.View;

import android.view.ViewGroup;

import android.widget.BaseAdapter;

import android.widget.GridView;

import android.widget.ImageView;

import android.widget.LinearLayout;

import android.widget.TextView;

public class ImageAdapter extends BaseAdapter

{

private Context ctx;

private int[] images =

{

R.drawable.aa, // Austria

R.drawable.al, // Algeria

R.drawable.ar, // Argentina

R.drawable.au, // Austrilia

R.drawable.cf, // Swizterland

R.drawable.cn, // China

R.drawable.dm, // Denmark

R.drawable.eu, // European Union

R.drawable.fa, // France

R.drawable.gr, // Greece

R.drawable.hk, // Hong Kong

R.drawable.in, // India

R.drawable.ma, // Macau

R.drawable.pk, // Pakistan

R.drawable.ru, // Russia

R.drawable.sk, // South Korea

R.drawable.uk, // United Kingdom

R.drawable.us // United States

};

private int[] names =

{

R.string.aa,

R.string.al,

R.string.ar,

R.string.au,

R.string.cf,

R.string.cn,

R.string.dm,

R.string.eu,

R.string.fa,

R.string.gr,

R.string.hk,

R.string.in,

R.string.ma,

R.string.pk,

R.string.ru,

R.string.sk,

R.string.uk,

R.string.us

};

public ImageAdapter(Context ctx)

{

this.ctx = ctx;

}

//@Override

public int getCount()

{

return images.length;

}

//@Override

public Object getItem(int position)

{

return images[position];

}

//@Override

public long getItemId(int position)

{

return images[position];

}

//@Override

public View getView(int position, View convertView, ViewGroup parent)

{

LayoutInflater inflater = LayoutInflater.from(ctx);

View view = convertView;

if(view == null)

{

view = inflater.inflate(R.layout.itemview, null);

}

ImageView iv = (ImageView) view.findViewById(R.id.imageview);

TextView tv= (TextView) view.findViewById(R.id.textview);

iv.setImageResource(images[position]);

tv.setText(names[position]);

return view;

}

}

d. Activity 所对应的代码如下:

package com.pat.gui;

import android.app.Activity;

import android.os.Bundle;

import android.view.View;

import android.widget.AdapterView;

import android.widget.GridView;

import android.widget.Toast;

import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemClickListener;

public class ControlGridView extends Activity

implements

OnItemClickListener

{

private GridView gridview;

private ImageAdapter adapter;

@Override

public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState)

{

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.main);

gridview = (GridView)findViewById(R.id.gridview);

adapter = new ImageAdapter(this);

gridview.setAdapter(adapter);

gridview.setOnItemClickListener(this);

}

//@Override

public void onItemClick(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id)

{

Toast.makeText(this, "" + position, Toast.LENGTH_SHORT).show();

}

}

运行结果如下:

AndroidGUI20:GridView常用技巧_第4张图片

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