Junit--单元测试知识点

放弃旧的断言,使用hamcrest断言

1. assertThat

2. 使用hamcrest的匹配方法

a) 更自然

3. 示例

a) assertThat( n, allOf( greaterThan(1), lessThan(15) ) );
assertThat( n, anyOf( greaterThan(16), lessThan(8) ) );
assertThat( n, anything() );
assertThat( str, is( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, not( "bjxxt" ) );

b) assertThat( str, containsString( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( str, endsWith("bjsxt" ) ); 
assertThat( str, startsWith( "bjsxt" ) ); 
assertThat( n, equalTo( nExpected ) ); 
assertThat( str, equalToIgnoringCase( "bjsxt" ) ); 
assertThat( str, equalToIgnoringWhiteSpace( "bjsxt" ) );

c) assertThat( d, closeTo( 3.0, 0.3 ) );
assertThat( d, greaterThan(3.0) );
assertThat( d, lessThan (10.0) );
assertThat( d, greaterThanOrEqualTo (5.0) );
assertThat( d, lessThanOrEqualTo (16.0) );

d) assertThat( map, hasEntry( "bjsxt", "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( iterable, hasItem ( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( map, hasKey ( "bjsxt" ) );
assertThat( map, hasValue ( "bjsxt" ) );

Failure和Error

1. Failure是指测试失败

2. Error是指测试程序本身出错

JUnit4 Annotation

1. @Test : 测试方法

a) (expected=XXException.class)

b) (timeout=xxx)

2. @Ignore : 被忽略的测试方法

3. @Before: 每一个测试方法之前运行

4. @After : 每一个测试方法之后运行

5. @BeforeClass: 所有测试开始之前运行

6. @AfterClass: 所有测试结束之后运行

运行多个测试

注意

1. 遵守约定，比如：

a) 类放在test包中

b) 类名用XXXTest结尾

c) 方法用testMethod命名

其他框架

TestNG

 Junit--解决“java.lang.NoSuchMethodError: org.hamcrest.core.AllOf.allOf…”问题（使用JUnit和Hamcrest）

package org.credo.junit.test;

import static org.junit.Assert.*;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.*;

import org.credo.junit.Test1;
import org.junit.Test;

public class Test_Test1 {

	//hamcrest
	@Test
	public void testAdd() {
		int z=new Test1().add(5, 3);
		assertEquals(8, z);
		assertThat("判断错误,应该为8",z, is(8));
		assertThat(z,allOf(greaterThan(1),lessThan(10)));
		assertThat(z,anyOf(greaterThan(1),lessThan(10)));
	}
	
	@Test
	public void testRemove(){
		long x=new Test1().remove(3, 1);
		assertEquals(2, x);
		assertTrue("x erro",x>1);
		assertTrue("x erro",x>1);
	}

}

POM中将hamcrest的jar放在junit包的前面,解决问题.

很无语的错误.

<dependency>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-core</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.hamcrest</groupId>
<artifactId>hamcrest-library</artifactId>
<version>1.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.8.2</version>
</dependency>