Java数据库访问——
1、加载JDBC驱动:
2、建立数据库连接:
- 加载JDBC驱动,并将其注册到DriverManager中,下面是一些主流数据库的JDBC驱动加裁注册的代码:
- //Oracle8/8i/9iO数据库(thin模式)
- Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();
- //Sql Server7.0/2000数据库
- Class.forName("com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver").newInstance();
- //DB2数据库
- Class.froName("com.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2Driver").newInstance();
- //Informix数据库
- Class.forName("com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver").newInstance();
- //Sybase数据库
- Class.forName("com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver").newInstance();
- //MySQL数据库
- Class.forName("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver").newInstance();
- //PostgreSQL数据库
- Class.forNaem("org.postgresql.Driver").newInstance();
- //Oracle8/8i/9i数据库(thin模式)
- String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:orcl";
- String user="scott";
- String password="tiger";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
- //Sql Server7.0/2000数据库
- String url="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=pubs";
- String user="sa";
- String password="";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
- //DB2数据库
- String url="jdbc:db2://localhost:5000/sample";
- String user="amdin"
- String password=-"";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
- //Informix数据库
- String url="jdbc:informix-sqli://localhost:1533/testDB:INFORMIXSERVER=myserver;user=testuser;password=testpassword";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
- //Sybase数据库
- String url="jdbc:sybase:Tds:localhost:5007/tsdata";
- Properties sysProps=System.getProperties();
- SysProps.put("user","userid");
- SysProps.put("password","user_password");
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,SysProps);
- //MySQL数据库
- String url="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/testDB?user=root&password=root&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=gb2312";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url);
- //PostgreSQL数据库
- String url="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/testDB";
- String user="myuser";
- String password="mypassword";
- Connection conn=DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
3、建立Statement对象或PreparedStatement对象:
- //建立Statement对象
- Statement stmt=conn.createStatement();
- //建立ProparedStatement对象
- String sql="select * from user where userName=? and password=?";
- PreparedStatement pstmt=Conn.prepareStatement(sql);
- pstmt.setString(1,"admin");
- pstmt.setString(2,"liubin");
4、执行sql语句:
- String sql="select * from users";
- ResultSet rs=stmt.executeQuery(sql);
- //执行动态SQL查询
- ResultSet rs=pstmt.executeQuery();
- //执行insert update delete等语句,先定义sql
- stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
5、访问结果记录集ResultSet对象。
- while(rs.next)
- {
- out.println("你的第一个字段内容为:"+rs.getString());
- out.println("你的第二个字段内容为:"+rs.getString(2));
- }
6、依次将ResultSet、Statement、PreparedStatement、Connection对象关闭,释放所占用的资源:
- rs.close();
- stmt.clost();
- pstmt.close();
- con.close();
7、其他数据库连接:
- MySQL:
- String Driver="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"; //驱动程序
- String URL="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/db_name"; //连接的URL,db_name为数据库名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).new Instance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- Microsoft SQL Server 2.0驱动(3个jar的那个):
- String Driver="com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver"; //连接SQL数据库的方法
- String URL="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=db_name"; //db_name为数据库名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).new Instance(); //加载数据可驱动
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,UserName,Password); //
- Microsoft SQL Server 3.0驱动(1个jar的那个): // 老紫竹完善
- String Driver="com.microsoft.sqlserver.jdbc.SQLServerDriver"; //连接SQL数据库的方法
- String URL="jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://localhost:1433;DatabaseName=db_name"; //db_name为数据库名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).new Instance(); //加载数据可驱动
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,UserName,Password); //
- Sysbase:
- String Driver="com.sybase.jdbc.SybDriver"; //驱动程序
- String URL="jdbc:Sysbase://localhost:5007/db_name"; //db_name为数据可名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- Oracle(用thin模式):
- String Driver="oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver"; //连接数据库的方法
- String URL="jdbc:oracle:thin:@loaclhost:1521:orcl"; //orcl为数据库的SID
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance(); //加载数据库驱动
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- PostgreSQL:
- String Driver="org.postgresql.Driver"; //连接数据库的方法
- String URL="jdbc:postgresql://localhost/db_name"; //db_name为数据可名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- DB2:
- String Driver="com.ibm.db2.jdbc.app.DB2.Driver"; //连接具有DB2客户端的Provider实例
- //String Driver="com.ibm.db2.jdbc.net.DB2.Driver"; //连接不具有DB2客户端的Provider实例
- String URL="jdbc:db2://localhost:5000/db_name"; //db_name为数据可名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- Informix:
- String Driver="com.informix.jdbc.IfxDriver";
- String URL="jdbc:Informix-sqli://localhost:1533/db_name:INFORMIXSER=myserver"; //db_name为数据可名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
- JDBC-ODBC:
- String Driver="sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver";
- String URL="jdbc:odbc:dbsource"; //dbsource为数据源名
- String Username="username"; //用户名
- String Password="password"; //密码
- Class.forName(Driver).newInstance();
- Connection con=DriverManager.getConnection(URL,Username,Password);
下面是我自己做的一个例子:
- package dao;
- import java.sql.SQLException;
- import java.sql.Statement;
- import java.sql.Connection;
- import java.sql.DriverManager;
- import java.sql.ResultSet;
- import java.util.ArrayList;
- import java.util.List;
- import bean.Tbmeet;
- public class OracleDao {
- private Statement stmt = null;
- private ResultSet rs = null;
- private Connection conn = null;
- public OracleDao(){
- this.getConnection();
- }
- public void getConnection(){
- try{
- Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver").newInstance();
- String url="jdbc:oracle:thin:@10.11.0.31:1521:orcl"; //orcl为数据库的SID
- String user="meeting";
- String password="meeting";
- conn= DriverManager.getConnection(url,user,password);
- }catch (Exception e) {
- System.out.println(e);
- }
- }
- public List<Tbmeet> getRes(){
- List<Tbmeet> list = new ArrayList<Tbmeet>();
- try {
- stmt = conn.createStatement();
- rs = stmt.executeQuery("select * from tbmeetroomequipment");
- while (rs.next()) {
- Tbmeet t = new Tbmeet();
- t.setId(rs.getLong(1));
- t.setName(rs.getString(2));
- t.setEcid(rs.getLong(3));
- list.add(t);
- }
- } catch (SQLException e) {
- list = null ;
- e.printStackTrace();
- }finally{
- this.close(conn, stmt, rs);
- }
- return list;
- }
- public int delete(String sql) throws SQLException{
- int number = 0 ;
- try{
- stmt = conn.createStatement();
- number = stmt.executeUpdate(sql);
- conn.commit();
- }catch(Exception e){
- System.out.println(e);
- conn.rollback();
- number = 0 ;
- }finally{
- this.close(conn, stmt, rs);
- }
- return number;
- }
- public void close(Connection conn , Statement stmt, ResultSet rs){
- try{
- if(rs != null){
- rs.close();
- rs = null ;
- }
- if(stmt != null){
- stmt.close();
- stmt = null ;
- }
- if(conn != null){
- conn.close();
- conn = null;
- }
- }catch(Exception e){
- System.out.println(e);
- }
- }
- }