rhel5.8的系统上安装nginx+php(FastCGI)+mysql 来构建一个高效的web服务器

    nginx 是一个高性能的HTTP和反向代理,负载均衡服务器,nginx是以事件驱动的方式编写的,所以有着非常高效的性能,闲话不多说,下面将在一台默认安装有rhel5.8的机器上,安装nginx + php （FastCGI模式）+mysql 配置成一个高效的web服务器,

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目录
一,安装基本开发库及依赖的软件包
二,安装并配置mysql数据库
三,安装并配置nginx
四,安装PHP的加密算法库,编码转换库,等软件
五,安装php并配置为fastcgi模式
六,安装php加速器,xcache
七,整合nginx跟php(FastCGI模式)

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mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz       数据库,当然也可以是更高的版本,或者使用rpm包安装也是可以的
nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz          nginx,目前官方最新版是1.2.2的 
libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz     编码转换库
libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2  加密算法库
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2   加密算法扩展库
mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz       加密算法工具
php-5.4.4.tar.bz2          php官方目前最新版,5.4的版本不用打fpm补丁,
xcache-2.0.0.tar.gz       xcacne PHP加速器,
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rhel5.8的系统上安装nginx+php(FastCGI)+mysql 来构建一个高效的web服务器

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一,安装基本开发库,及相关依赖软件包

#yum -y groupinstall "Development Libraries" "Development Tools" "X Software Development"
#yum -y install pcre-devel

二,安装并配置mysql数据库
1 ,编译安装mysql数据库

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf mysql-5.0.56.tar.gz
#cd mysql-5.0.56
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/mysql --sysconfdir=/usr/local/mysql/etc --with-ssl \
--localstatedir=/usr/local/mysql/database --enable-assembler --with-readline \
--with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables \
--with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-plugins=innobase
#make && make install

2.把mysql的命令加入到系统搜索路径

#vim /etc/profile
PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH   将次行加入到文件的44行

#export PATH=/usr/local/mysql/bin:$PATH

3.把mysql的头文件添加到系统搜索路径

#ln -sv /usr/local/mysql/include/mysql /usr/include/mysql

4,把mysql的库文件添加到系统搜索路径

#vim /etc/ld.so.conf.d/mysql.conf
/usr/local/mysql/lib/mysql
#ldconfig

5,给mysql提供配置文件及服务启动脚本

#cp /usr/src/mysql-5.0.56/support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf
#cp /usr/src/mysql-5.0.56/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/mysqld
#chkconfig --add mysqld
#chkconfig mysqld on

6,添加执行mysql的用户,及初始化数据库,

#useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql
#chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
#mysql_install_db --user=mysql
#service mysqld start

三,安装并配置nginx
1. 编译安装nginx

#useradd -s /sbin/nologin nginx
#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf nginx-1.2.2.tar.gz
#cd nginx-1.2.2
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock --user=nginx --group=nginx --with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ --with-pcre
#make && make install

2.给nginx提供SysV服务启动脚本

#vim /etc/init.d/nginx  内容如下
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig:   - 85 15
# description:  Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
#               proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config:      /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config:      /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile:     /var/run/nginx.pid

# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions

# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network

# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0

nginx="/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)

NGINX_CONF_FILE="/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf"

[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx

lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx

make_dirs() {
   # make required directories
   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
   for opt in $options; do
       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
               # echo "creating" $value
               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
           fi
       fi
   done
}

start() {
    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
    make_dirs
    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
    return $retval
}

stop() {
    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
    killproc $prog -QUIT
    retval=$?
    echo
    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
    return $retval
}

restart() {
    configtest || return $?
    stop
    sleep 1
    start
}

reload() {
    configtest || return $?
    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
    killproc $nginx -HUP
    RETVAL=$?
    echo
}

force_reload() {
    restart
}

configtest() {
  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}

rh_status() {
    status $prog
}

rh_status_q() {
    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}

case "$1" in
    start)
        rh_status_q && exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    stop)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
        $1
        ;;
    restart|configtest)
        $1
        ;;
    reload)
        rh_status_q || exit 7
        $1
        ;;
    force-reload)
        force_reload
        ;;
    status)
        rh_status
        ;;
    condrestart|try-restart)
        rh_status_q || exit 0
            ;;
    *)
        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
        exit 2
esac

3.加入系统服务,并启动服务,

给脚本执行权限
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
#chkconfig --add nginx
#chkconfig nginx on
#service nginx restart

 

四,安装PHP的加密算法库,编码转换库,等软件
1.  安装libiconv编码转换库

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
#cd libiconv-1.13.1
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local
#make && make install

2. 安装libmcryp加密算法扩展库

#cd /usr/src
#tar xjvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
#cd libmcrypt-2.5.8
#./configure
#make && make install
#ldconfig
#cd libltdl/
#./configure --enable-ltdl-install
#make && make install

3. 安装mhash 加密算法扩展库

#cd /usr/src
#tar xjvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
#cd mhash-0.9.9.9
#./configure
#make && make install

#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
#ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

4. 安装mcrypt 加密算法工具

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
#cd mcrypt-2.6.8
#./configure
#make && make install

五,安装php并配置为fastcgi模式
1.  编译安装php

#cd /usr/src
#tar xjvf php-5.4.4.tar.bz2
#cd php-5.4.4
#./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-openssl \
--enable-fpm --enable-sockets --enable-sysvshm --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \
--enable-mbstring --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib-dir \
--with-libxml-dir=/usr/ --enable-xml --with-mhash --with-mcrypt --with-config-file-path=/etc \
--with-config-file-scan-dir=/etc/php.d --with-bz2 --with-curl --with-ldap --with-iconv-dir
#make  ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
#make install

2.为php提供配置文件

#cp /usr/src/php-5.4.4/php.ini-production /etc/php.ini

3. 为fpm提供SysV服务启动脚本

#cp /usr/src/php-5.4.4/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm  /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm
#chmod a+x /etc/init.d/php-fpm
#chkconfig --add php-fpm
#chkconfig php-fpm on

4, 为fpm提供配置文件

#cp /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
#vim /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf  修改以下项
pid = /usr/local/php/var/run/php-fpm.pid
pm.max_children = 50
pm.start_servers = 5
pm.min_spare_servers = 2
pm.max_spare_servers = 8

5.启动php-fpm服务

#service php-fpm restart

六,安装php加速器,xcache
1.编译安装xcache

#cd /usr/src
#tar xzvf xcache-2.0.0.tar.gz
#cd xcache-2.0.0
#/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
#./configure --enable-xcache --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
#make
#make install

2.整合php跟xcache

#mkdir /etc/php.d
#cp /usr/src/xcache-2.0.0/xcache.ini /etc/php.d/
#vim /etc/php.d/xcache.ini  将三行替换为以下行
zend_extension = /usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20100525/xcache.so

七,整合nginx跟php(FastCGI模式)
1. 编辑nginx主配置文件

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf  内容如下,可以将原文替换为以下内容
user  nginx;
worker_processes  10;

error_log  logs/error.log crit;

pid        logs/nginx.pid;


events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 51000;
}

http {
    include       mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
        client_header_buffer_size 32k;
        large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
        client_max_body_size 10m;

    sendfile        on;
    tcp_nopush     on;

    keepalive_timeout  60;
    tcp_nodelay on;
        fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
        fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
        fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
        fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
        fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

        gzip on;
        gzip_min_length 1k;
        gzip_buffers    4 16k;
        gzip_http_version 1.0;
        gzip_comp_level 2;
        gzip_types      text/plain application/x-javascript text/ccs application/xml;
        gzip_vary on;

    server {
        listen       80;
        server_name  www.andy.com;
        index index.html index.htm index.php;
        root /web/www;

        location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
        {
                fastcgi_pass    127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
                include fastcgi.conf;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
        {
                expires 30d;
        }
        location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
        {
                expires         1h;
        }

        access_log      logs/www.log;

            }

        server {
                listen       80;
                server_name  bbs.andy.com;
                index index.html index.htm index.php;
                root /web/bbs;

                location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
                {
                fastcgi_pass    127.0.0.1:9000;
                fastcgi_index index.php;
                fastcgi_param HTTPS on;
                include fastcgi.conf;
                }

                access_log      logs/bbs.log;
        }

        ##下面的是查看nginx状态的访问地址   配置下面的之后在地址栏输入 status.andy.com
        ##就可以看到并发连接数等等信息
        server  {
                        listen 80;
                        server_name     status.andy.com;
                        location / {
                            stub_status on;
                            access_log      off;
                            }
            }
}

2.编辑/usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf文件

#vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/fastcgi.conf

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;
fastcgi_param  HTTPS              $https if_not_empty;

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx/$nginx_version;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

3.建立网站目录及测试文件

#mkdir -pv /web/{www,bbs}
#vim /web/www/index.php 内容如下  这个页面是测试php跟nginx
<?php
phpinfo();
?>

#vim /web/bbs/index.php  内容如下 这个页面是测试php跟mysql
<?php
$link=mysql_connect('localhost','root','');
if ($link)
        echo ok;
else
        echo no;
mysql_close($link);
?>

4.重启服务

#service nginx restart
#service php-fpm restart
#service mysqld restart

ok 到这里基本已经结束了,