LEMP部署安装for RHEL AS4.6

系统环境：
Red Hat Enterprise Linux AS release 4 (Nahant Update 6)
 
所需软件：
 
mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
ImageMagick-6.6.1-10.tar.gz
mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz
imagick-2.3.0.tgz
nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
pcre-8.10.zip
libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
memcache-2.2.5.tgz
php-5.2.14.tar.gz
 
安装PHP环境所需软件
---------------------------------

 

tar zxvf libiconv-1.13.1.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13.1/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ..

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure --enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ..
cd ..

tar jxvf mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
cd mhash-0.9.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ..


ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.8/
/sbin/ldconfig
LD_LIBRARY_PATH=/usr/local/lib ./configure
make
make install
cd ..

-------------------------------
安装MySQL 5.5.3-m3
-------------------------------

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.5.3-m3.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.5.3-m3/
./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/mysql/
--enable-assembler
--with-extra-charsets=complex
--enable-thread-safe-client
--with-big-tables
--with-readline
--with-ssl
--with-embedded-server
--enable-local-infile
--with-plugins=partition,innobase,myisammrg
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
echo "export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin/">>/etc/profile
source /etc/profile
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld
chkconfig --add mysqld
cd ../

vi /etc/my.cnf
#basedir=/var/lib        #注释掉这行

/etc/init.d/mysqld start
mysqladmin -uroot password elain

---------------------------------------
 
安装PHP（FastCGI模式）
---------------------------------------

tar jxvf php-5.2.6.tar.bz2
gzip -cd php-5.2.6-fpm-0.5.8.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.6 -p1
cd php-5.2.6/
./configure
--prefix=/usr/local/php
--with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc
--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
--with-iconv-dir=/usr/local
--with-freetype-dir
--with-zlib
--with-curl
--enable-fastcgi
--enable-fpm
--enable-force-cgi-redirect
--enable-mbstring
--with-mcrypt
--with-openssl
--with-mhash
--enable-sockets
--enable-zip
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../

 
安装PHP扩展模块
-------------------------------------

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/php/bin/phpize
./configure
--with-php-config=/usr/local/php/bin/php-config
--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

 
配置PHP
----------------------------------
修改php.ini文件
 
vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini

 
手工修改：
 
查找/usr/local/php/etc/php.ini中的
 

extension_dir = "./"    #（约491行)

extension_dir = "/usr/local/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"

 
并在此行后增加以下几行

extension = "memcache.so"
extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
extension = "imagick.so"

 
再查找 output_buffering = Off    (约101行)
修改为 output_buffering = On
 
再查找 ;cgi.fix_pathinfo=0       (约523行)
修改为 cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，    即取消注释，使生效，防止Nginx文件类型错误解析漏洞。
-------
 
 
创建www用户和组，以及供www.elain.org使用的目录：
 

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /www/htdocs
chmod +w /www/htdocs
chown -R www:www /www

 
 
创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
在/usr/local/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：
 

vi /usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

 
输入以下内容:

 

 

  

 

<?xml version="1.0" ?>

<configuration>



  All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix



  <section name="global_options">



    Pid file

    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>



    Error log file

    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>



    Log level

    <value name="log_level">notice</value>



    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...

    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>



    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.

    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.

    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>



    Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master

    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>



    Set to 'no' to debug fpm

    <value name="daemonize">yes</value>



  </section>



  <workers>



    <section name="pool">



      Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.

      <value name="name">default</value>



      Address to accept fastcgi requests on.

      Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'

      <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>



      <value name="listen_options">



        Set listen(2) backlog

        <value name="backlog">-1</value>



        Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.

        In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.

        Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.

        <value name="owner"></value>

        <value name="group"></value>

        <value name="mode">0666</value>

      </value>



      Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.

      <value name="php_defines">

        <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>

        <value name="display_errors">0</value>

      </value>



      Unix user of processes

      <value name="user">www</value>



      Unix group of processes

      <value name="group">www</value>



      Process manager settings

      <value name="pm">



        Sets style of controling worker process count.

        Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'

        <value name="style">static</value>



        Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.

        Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.

        Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi

        Used with any pm_style.

        <value name="max_children">8</value>



        Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style

        <value name="apache_like">



          Sets the number of server processes created on startup.

          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

          <value name="StartServers">20</value>



          Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.

          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

          <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>



          Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.

          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected

          <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>



        </value>



      </value>



      The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated

      Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason

      '0s' means 'off'

      <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>



      The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file

      '0s' means 'off'

      <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>



      The log file for slow requests

      <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>



      Set open file desc rlimit

      <value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>



      Set max core size rlimit

      <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>



      Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path

      <value name="chroot"></value>



      Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path

      <value name="chdir"></value>



      Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.

      If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs

      <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>



      How much requests each process should execute before respawn.

      Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.

      For endless request processing please specify 0

      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS

      <value name="max_requests">1024</value>



      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.

      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)

      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.

      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>



      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH

      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment

      <value name="environment">

        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>

        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>

        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>

        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>

        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>

        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>

        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>

        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>

      </value>



    </section>



  </workers>



</configuration>

 

 

 
注：如果安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以上的0改为1，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：
 
启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为128（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start

 
注：/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
安装Nginx 0.8.46
-------------------------------
安装Nginx所需的pcre库：
 

unzip pcre-8.10.zip
cd pcre-8.10/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../

 
安装Nginx
 

tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.46/
./configure --user=www --group=www
--prefix=/usr/local/nginx
--with-http_stub_status_module
--with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../

 
创建Nginx日志目录
 

mkdir -p /www/logs
chmod +w /www/logs
chown -R www:www /www/logs

 
创建Nginx配置文件
 
vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
 
输入以下内容：

user  www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log  /www/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  #charset  gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.elain.org;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /www/htdocs;

    #limit_conn   crawler  20;

    location ~ .*.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    location ~ .*.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      30d;
    }

    location ~ .*.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }

    log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /www/logs/access.log  access;
      }

   server
  {
    listen  80;
    server_name  status.elain.org;

    location / {
    stub_status on;
    access_log   off;
    }
  }
}

 
创建fcgi.conf文件：
 

vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

 
输入以下内容：

fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;

 
启动Nginx
 

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

 
配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP
 

vi /etc/rc.local

 
在末尾增加以下内容：
 

ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

 
 
nginx重启
 

killall -9 nginx;/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid`  #平滑重启

/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

killall -HUP nginx

 

 

 

转载请注明： 转载自http://www.elain.org

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