yum服务器的搭建及yum指令
yum服务器的搭建及yum指令
Yum(全称为 Yellow dog Updater, Modified)是一个在Fedora中的Shell前端软件包管理器。基于RPM包管理，能够从指定的服务器自动下载RPM包并且安装，可以自动处理依赖性关系，并且一次安装所有依赖的软体包，无须繁琐地一次次下载、安装。
拓扑图：
服务器端的配置：
建挂载点，进行光盘挂载
[root@mh3570 ~]# mkdir /mnt/cdrom
[root@mh3570 ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/cdrom
进入 /mnt/cdrom/Server中安装ftp服务
[root@mh3570 Server]# rpm -ivh vsftpd-2.0.5-16.el5.i386.rpm
重启vsftpd服务
[root@mh3570 ~]# service vsftpd start
进入 /var/ftp/pub中，拷贝文件
[root@mh3570 pub]# cp -r /mnt/cdrom/. ./
客户端的配置：
用vim编辑rhel-debuginfo.repo文件
[root@localhost ~]# cd /etc/yum.repos.d/
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# ll
total 8
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 254 Aug 4 2009 rhel-debuginfo.repo
[root@localhost yum.repos.d]# vim rhel-debuginfo.repo
添加四类库文件
1 [rhel-server]
2 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux server
3 baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/Server
4 enabled=1
5 gpgcheck=1
6 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
7
8
9
10 [rhel-vt]
11 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux vt
12 baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/VT
13 enabled=1
14 gpgcheck=1
15 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
16
17
18 [rhel-cluster]
19 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster
20 baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/Cluster
21 enabled=1
22 gpgcheck=1
23 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
24
25
26 [rhel-clusterstorage]
27 name=Red Hat Enterprise Linux clusterstorage
28 baseurl=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/Clusterstorage
29 enabled=1
30 gpgcheck=1
31 gpgkey=ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
查看仓库，第一次查看会显示缓存下载过程
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
rhel-cluster | 1.3 kB 00:00
rhel-cluster/primary | 6.5 kB 00:00
rhel-cluster 32/32
rhel-clusterstorage | 1.3 kB 00:00
rhel-clusterstorage/primary | 8.8 kB 00:00
rhel-clusterstorage 39/39
rhel-server | 1.3 kB 00:00
rhel-server/primary | 732 kB 00:00
rhel-server 2292/2292
rhel-vt | 1.3 kB 00:00
rhel-vt/primary | 9.0 kB 00:00
rhel-vt 36/36
repo id repo name status
rhel-cluster Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster enabled: 32
rhel-clusterstorage Red Hat Enterprise Linux clusterstorage enabled: 39
rhel-server Red Hat Enterprise Linux server enabled: 2,292
rhel-vt Red Hat Enterprise Linux vt enabled: 36
repolist: 2,399
第二次查看仓库
[root@localhost ~]# yum repolist
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
repo id repo name status
rhel-cluster Red Hat Enterprise Linux cluster enabled: 32
rhel-clusterstorage Red Hat Enterprise Linux clusterstorage enabled: 39
rhel-server Red Hat Enterprise Linux server enabled: 2,292
rhel-vt Red Hat Enterprise Linux vt enabled: 36
repolist: 2,399
测试，在客户端上安装httpd服务
[root@localhost ~]# yum install httpd
Loaded plugins: rhnplugin, security
This system is not registered with RHN.
RHN support will be disabled.
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package httpd.i386 0:2.2.3-31.el5 set to be updated
rhel-cluster/filelists | 110 kB 00:00
rhel-clusterstorage/filelists | 11 kB 00:00
rhel-server/filelists | 2.3 MB 00:00
rhel-vt/filelists | 26 kB 00:00
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Installing:
httpd i386 2.2.3-31.el5 rhel-server 1.2 M
Transaction Summary
===============================================================================================================================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Update 0 Package(s)
Remove 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.2 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
httpd-2.2.3-31.el5.i386.rpm | 1.2 MB 00:00
warning: rpmts_HdrFromFdno: Header V3 DSA signature: NOKEY, key ID 37017186
rhel-server/gpgkey | 1.1 kB 00:00
Importing GPG key 0x37017186 "Red Hat, Inc. (release key) <[email protected]>" from ftp://192.168.101.99/pub/RPM-GPG-KEY-redhat-release
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : httpd 1/1
Installed:
httpd.i386 0:2.2.3-31.el5
Complete!
至此yum服务搭建完毕
yum指令：
yum list all 查看所有的包，包括已安装的和未安装的
yum list available 查看未安装的包
yum list install 查看已安装的包
yum info 查看已安装的包的详细信息
yum install 安装包，可同时一次安装多个包(-y取消交互)
yum remove 卸载包
yum grouplist all 查看软件包组
yum groupinfo 查看软件包组信息
yum groupinstall 安装软件包组
yum groupremove 卸载软件包组
yum groupupdate 升级软件包组