学生机房虚拟化（十四）客户系统数据保护

引入：

    鉴于机房中学生操作的不确定性，客户系统的设计中满足教学需求是重要的，但确保客户系统的在日常使用中保持足够的强壮是很必要的。这也就是本篇中所要讨论的主题。

客户系统数据保护:

1、虚拟主机配置文件*.vmx的保护

修改后最终的配置文件“Windows XP Professional.vmx”的内容：

#!/usr/bin/vmware
.encoding = "UTF-8"
config.version = "8"
virtualHW.version = "7"
scsi0.present = "TRUE"
memsize = "1200"
scsi0:0.present = "TRUE"
scsi0:0.fileName = "Windows XP Professional.vmdk"
ide1:0.present = "TRUE"
ide1:0.deviceType = "cdrom-raw"
ethernet0.present = "TRUE"
ethernet0.connectionType = "nat"
ethernet0.wakeOnPcktRcv = "FALSE"
ethernet0.addressType = "generated"
sound.present = "TRUE"
sound.startConnected = "FALSE"
sound.fileName = "-1"
sound.autodetect = "TRUE"
mks.enable3d = "FALSE"
serial0.present = "TRUE"
serial0.fileType = "thinprint"
pciBridge0.present = "TRUE"
pciBridge4.present = "TRUE"
pciBridge4.virtualDev = "pcieRootPort"
pciBridge4.functions = "8"
pciBridge5.present = "TRUE"
pciBridge5.virtualDev = "pcieRootPort"
pciBridge5.functions = "8"
pciBridge6.present = "TRUE"
pciBridge6.virtualDev = "pcieRootPort"
pciBridge6.functions = "8"
pciBridge7.present = "TRUE"
pciBridge7.virtualDev = "pcieRootPort"
pciBridge7.functions = "8"
vmci0.present = "TRUE"
roamingVM.exitBehavior = "go"
displayName = "Windows XP Professional"
guestOS = "winxppro"
nvram = "Windows XP Professional.nvram"
virtualHW.productCompatibility = "hosted"
printers.enabled = "TRUE"
extendedConfigFile = "Windows XP Professional.vmxf"
ide1:0.autodetect = "TRUE"
ethernet0.generatedAddress = "00:0C:29:BF:4A:A2"
tools.syncTime = "FALSE"
uuid.location = "56 4d 42 01 62 45 91 a0-8f 1e 61 ed cf bf 4a a2"
uuid.bios = "56 4d 42 01 62 45 91 a0-8f 1e 61 ed cf bf 4a a2"
cleanShutdown = "FALSE"
replay.supported = "FALSE"
unity.wasCapable = "TRUE"
replay.filename = ""
scsi0:0.redo = ""
pciBridge0.pciSlotNumber = "17"
pciBridge4.pciSlotNumber = "21"
pciBridge5.pciSlotNumber = "22"
pciBridge6.pciSlotNumber = "23"
pciBridge7.pciSlotNumber = "24"
scsi0.pciSlotNumber = "16"
ethernet0.pciSlotNumber = "33"
sound.pciSlotNumber = "34"
vmci0.pciSlotNumber = "36"
vmotion.checkpointFBSize = "33554432"
usb:1.present = "TRUE"
ethernet0.generatedAddressOffset = "0"
vmci0.id = "-809547102"
usb:1.deviceType = "hub"
scsi0:0.mode = "persistent"
ide1:0.startConnected = "FALSE"
gui.fullScreenAtPowerOn = "TRUE"
usb.present = "FALSE"
bios.forceSetupOnce = "FALSE"
checkpoint.vmState = "Windows XP Professional-5b09eec1.vmss"
ethernet0.startConnected = "TRUE"
usb.pciSlotNumber = "-1"
usb:1.speed = "2"
usb:0.present = "TRUE"
usb:0.deviceType = "mouse"
usb:0.port = "0"
usb:0.parent = "-1"
ehci.present = "FALSE"
floppy0.present = "FALSE"
gui.lastPoweredViewMode = "fullscreen"
gui.viewModeAtPowerOn = "fullscreen"
tools.remindInstall = "FALSE"

删除磁盘后内容：

#!/usr/bin/vmware
.encoding = "UTF-8"
config.version = "8"
virtualHW.version = "7"
scsi0.present = "TRUE"
memsize = "1200"
scsi0:0.present = "FALSE"
scsi0:0.fileName = "Windows XP Professional.vmdk"
略……

      比较磁盘被删除前后，文件内容的异同，便会轻易发现，仅仅是“scsi0:0.present"由原来的“TRUE”变为了“FALSE”而已。

删除网卡后的内容：

   同上述操作，本人发现网卡删除会导致多行改动（配置文件会少几行内容），且ethernet0.present = "TRUE"行也会有所变化。读者可自行体会。

2.VMware软件属性设置

   现在本人的做法是，先行在图形界面下设置，如果有有好的GUI界面的话，然后找到对应的配置文件，因在GUI界面的设置指向相关配置文件。故可以将修改后的配置文件做好备份，以期每次启动系统之时恢复之用。

VMware属性设置[见下图]：

    通过上述设置可以在全屏状态下，当虚拟机获得焦点时，自动隐藏VM的控制菜单，且只有通过键盘才可再次将菜单激活，减少了学生对于VM的干扰。

与设置相对应的脚本文件：

shenzhi@sz0850:~$ cat .vmware/preferences
.encoding = "UTF-8"
pref.eula.0.appName = "VMware Workstation"
pref.eula.0.buildNumber = "591240"
pref.trayicon.enabled = "true"
pref.usbDev.maxDevs = "0"
pref.keyboardAndMouse.maxProfiles = "0"
hint.pciSound.alsaDLOpenFailed = "FALSE"
hint.vmui.reset = "FALSE"
pref.commandBar.toolbarEnabled = "FALSE"
hint.vnet.promiscNotAllowed = "FALSE"
pref.ws.session.window.count = "1"
pref.ws.session.window0.tab.count = "0"
pref.ws.session.window0.sidebar = "FALSE"
pref.ws.session.window0.sidebar.width = "200"
pref.ws.session.window0.statusBar = "FALSE"
pref.ws.session.window0.tabs = "FALSE"
pref.ws.session.window0.thumbnailBar = "FALSE"
pref.ws.session.window0.thumbnailBar.size = "125"
pref.ws.session.window0.thumbnailBar.view = "same-folder"
pref.ws.session.window0.placement.left = "282"
pref.ws.session.window0.placement.top = "22"
pref.ws.session.window0.placement.right = "926"
pref.ws.session.window0.placement.bottom = "531"
pref.ws.session.window0.maximized = "FALSE"
pref.autoFit = "TRUE"
pref.autoFitFullScreen = "fitGuestToHost"
prefvmx.defaultVMPath = "/home/shenzhi/vmware"
pref.grabOnMouseClick = "TRUE"
pref.grabOnKeyPress = "TRUE"
pref.motionGrab = "TRUE"
pref.motionUngrab = "TRUE"
pref.fullscreen.autohide = "TRUE"
pref.fullscreen.toolbarPixels = "0"
pref.autoSoftwareUpdatePermission.epoch = ""
pref.autoSoftwareUpdatePermission = "deny"
pref.componentDownloadPermission.epoch = ""
pref.componentDownloadPermission = "deny"
pref.dataCollectionEnabled.epoch = ""
pref.dataCollectionEnabled = "FALSE"

   由此以来，关于VM客户机及VM软件的配置所指的文件，以及配置后对应文件内容的更改，在本文中浅浅提及，希望可以起到抛砖引玉的作用。

【完成于网络实训室， 16:25 2012/4/19 】

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