单实例数据库迁移到rac环境(二)

在上一节中，介绍了使用expdp/impdp方式迁移单实例数据库至rac环境，本节中将简要的介绍下，使用传输表空间方式将单实例数据库的表空间迁移至rac环境下，同样需要借助expdp/impdp数据泵实现，但同上一节所演示的结果相比，在大数据量情况下，使用传输表空间方式迁移，可以节约许多时间，但前途是数据库的字符集要一致，且需要将准备迁移的表空间进行只读操作！

环境介绍：
数据库的版本均为10.2.0.5，数据库字符集编码为utf8
操作系统的版本单实例数据库(源库)为rhel5.4 64 bit
rac(目标数据库)为ceontos4.8 64bit

一：在源库上创建表空间，用户，建表，插入数据，建索引以及目录对象等

SQL> create tablespace exp_rac1 datafile   2  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/exp_rac1_01.dbf' size 300M   3  autoextend  on next 10M maxsize unlimited   4* extent management local; Tablespace created. SQL> create tablespace exp_rac1_index datafile   2  '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf' size 300M   3  autoextend  on next 10M maxsize unlimited   4* extent management local; Tablespace created. SQL> create user test2 identified by oracle   2  default tablespace exp_rac1   3  temporary tablespace temp   4  quota unlimited on  exp_rac1   5* account unlock; User created. SQL> grant connect,resource to test2; Grant succeeded. SQL> create table test2.source2 as select * from dba_source; Table created. SQL> insert into test2.source2 select * from test2.source2; 295491 rows created. SQL> / 590982 rows created. SQL> commit; Commit complete. SQL> exec dbms_stats.gather_table_stats('TEST2','SOURCE2'); PL/SQL procedure successfully completed. SQL> select count(*) from test2.source2;   COUNT(*) ----------    1181964 SQL> select sum(bytes/(1024*1024)) MB from dba_extents   2  where segment_name='SOURCE2'   3* and owner='TEST2';         MB ----------        208 SQL> create index test2.i_source2   2  on test2.source2(type)   3* tablespace exp_rac1_index; Index created. SQL>  select table_name,tablespace_name from dba_indexes   2* where owner='TEST2' and index_name='I_SOURCE2' TABLE_NAME                     TABLESPACE_NAME ------------------------------ ------------------------------ SOURCE2                        EXP_RAC1_INDEX SQL> select sum(bytes/(1024*1024)) MB from dba_extents   2  where segment_name='I_SOURCE2'   3* and owner='TEST2'         MB ----------         28 SQL> create directory expdp_dir2 as '/home/oracle/expdp_dir2'; Directory created. SQL> grant read,write on directory expdp_dir2 to test2; Grant succeeded. SQL> !mkdir -p /home/oracle/expdp_dir2

二：将需要迁移的表空间只读，并拷贝表空间数据文件，如果在asm环境下，可以使用rman操作

SQL> alter tablespace exp_rac1 read only; Tablespace altered. SQL> alter tablespace exp_rac1_index read only; Tablespace altered. [oracle@server49 ~]$ cd /home/oracle/expdp_dir2/ [oracle@server49 expdp_dir2]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/exp_rac1_01.dbf ./ [oracle@server49 expdp_dir2]$ cp /u01/app/oracle/oradata/orcl/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf ./

三：使用expdp命令导出传输表空间的元数据并复制到目标数据库上(rac环境)

[oracle@server49 ~]$ expdp \'sys/123456 as sysdba\' directory=expdp_dir2 dumpfile=source2.dmp logfile=source2.log transport_tablespaces=exp_rac1,exp_rac1_index Export: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Sunday, 01 January, 2012 22:44:51 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Starting "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01":  "sys/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=expdp_dir2 dumpfile=source2.dmp logfile=source2.log transport_tablespaces=exp_rac1,exp_rac1_index Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK Master table "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded ****************************************************************************** Dump file set for SYS.SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01 is:   /home/oracle/expdp_dir2/source2.dmp Job "SYS"."SYS_EXPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completed at 22:45:12 [oracle@server49 ~]$ ls /home/oracle/expdp_dir2/ exp_rac1_01.dbf  exp_rac1_index_01.dbf  source2.dmp  source2.log

四：在目标数据库上创建用户和目录对象，并利用rman将表空间的数据文件导入到asm实例上

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb1 as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Sun Jan 1 23:13:17 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> create user test2 identified by oracle account unlock; User created. SQL> grant connect,resource to test2; Grant succeeded. SQL> create directory expdp_dir2 as '/home/oracle/expdp_dir2'; Directory created. SQL> grant read,write on directory expdp_dir2 to test2; Grant succeeded. RMAN> convert datafile '/home/oracle/expdp_dir2/exp_rac1_01.dbf' format '+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_01.dbf'; Starting backup at 2012-01-01 23:41:49 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: sid=126 instance=racdb1 devtype=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion input filename=/home/oracle/expdp_dir2/exp_rac1_01.dbf converted datafile=+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:24 Finished backup at 2012-01-01 23:42:14 RMAN> convert datafile '/home/oracle/expdp_dir2/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf' format '+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf'; Starting backup at 2012-01-01 23:44:02 using channel ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafile conversion input filename=/home/oracle/expdp_dir2/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf converted datafile=+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: datafile conversion complete, elapsed time: 00:00:27 Finished backup at 2012-01-01 23:44:29 ASMCMD> pwd +DATA/racdb/datafile ASMCMD> ls EXAMPLE.264.769205649 EXP_RAC1.301.771464511 EXP_RAC1_INDEX.297.771464643 LOCAL_ARCH_TEST.312.770588847 RAC_EXP.309.771454375 RAC_EXP_INDEX.305.771454413 SYSAUX.257.770222575 SYSTEM.256.770588849 UNDOTBS1.258.769205541 UNDOTBS2.265.769205765 USERS.259.769960507 exp_rac1_01.dbf exp_rac1_index_01.dbf

五：利用impdp导入传输表空间的元数据

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ impdp \'sys/123456 as sysdba\'  directory=expdp_dir2 dumpfile=source2.dmp transport_datafiles='+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_01.dbf','+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf' Import: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production on Monday, 02 January, 2012 0:08:33 Copyright (c) 2003, 2007, Oracle.  All rights reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options Master table "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully loaded/unloaded Starting "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01":  "sys/******** AS SYSDBA" directory=expdp_dir2 dumpfile=source2.dmp transport_datafiles=+DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_01.dbf, +DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_index_01.dbf Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/PLUGTS_BLK Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/INDEX_STATISTICS Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/TABLE_STATISTICS Processing object type TRANSPORTABLE_EXPORT/POST_INSTANCE/PLUGTS_BLK Job "SYS"."SYS_IMPORT_TRANSPORTABLE_01" successfully completed at 00:08:52

六：测试

[oracle@rac1 ~]$ sqlplus sys/123456@racdb as sysdba SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.5.0 - Production on Mon Jan 2 00:09:20 2012 Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All Rights Reserved. Connected to: Oracle Database 10g Enterprise Edition Release 10.2.0.5.0 - 64bit Production With the Partitioning, Real Application Clusters, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options SQL> select count(*) from test2.source2;   COUNT(*) ----------    1181964 SQL> col table_name format a20 SQL> col tablespace_name format a20 SQL> select table_name,tablespace_name from dba_indexes   2  where owner='TEST2' and index_name='I_SOURCE2'; TABLE_NAME           TABLESPACE_NAME -------------------- -------------------- SOURCE2              EXP_RAC1_INDEX SQL> select sum(bytes/(1024*1024)) MB from dba_extents   2  where segment_name='I_SOURCE2'   3* and owner='TEST2'         MB ----------         28 SQL> select file_name,tablespace_name from dba_data_files; FILE_NAME                                TABLESPACE_NAME ---------------------------------------- -------------------- +DATA/racdb/datafile/users.259.769960507 USERS +DATA/racdb/datafile/sysaux.257.77022257 SYSAUX +DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs1.258.769205 UNDOTBS1 +DATA/racdb/datafile/system.256.77058884 SYSTEM +DATA/racdb/datafile/example.264.7692056 EXAMPLE +DATA/racdb/datafile/undotbs2.265.769205 UNDOTBS2 +DATA/racdb/datafile/local_arch_test.312 LOCAL_ARCH_TEST +DATA/racdb/datafile/rac_exp.309.7714543 EXP_RAC +DATA/racdb/datafile/rac_exp_index.305.7 EXP_RAC_INDEX +DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_index_01.d EXP_RAC1_INDEX +DATA/racdb/datafile/exp_rac1_01.dbf     EXP_RAC1 11 rows selected.

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