Oracle会话和进程数的监控

背景：先前在生产库上配置了oracle监控，每5分钟尝试连接一次数据库，若连接失败则通过nagios+fetion自动报警,此配置参考文章：http://ylw6006.blog.51cto.com/470441/787496

早晨收到报警信息后，登陆数据库执行ps -ef查看oracle的后台进程都在，使用conn /as sysdba的方式登陆数据库，提示连接到空闲的实例，使用easy connect 方式连接则报oracle实例无法分配内存，从报错提示上看，就像oracle数据库实例未打开的状态！分析alert日志不断出现如下错误信息：
Process J002 died, see its trace file
kkjcre1p: unable to spawn jobq slave process
Errors in file /u01/app/oracle/diag/rdbms/orcl/orcl/trace/orcl_cjq0_18577.trc:

trace文件摘要信息如下：
*** 2012-07-26 10:20:31.068
Process J002 is dead (pid=13857 req_ver=1136 cur_ver=1136 state=KSOSP_SPAWNED).

*** 2012-07-26 10:20:32.069
Process J002 is dead (pid=13876 req_ver=1594 cur_ver=1594 state=KSOSP_SPAWNED).

google查询一番后，发现大部分描述和oracle的进程数设置有关,又或者是内存不足引起！于是在oracle 10g环境下测试，线上数据库环境为11.2.0.3

一：设置processes初始化参数值为20，重启数据库后，已经占用19个进程

SQL> select count(*) from v$process;

  COUNT(*)
----------
        19

SQL> show parameter process;

NAME                                 TYPE        VALUE
------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------
aq_tm_processes                      integer     0
db_writer_processes                  integer     1
gcs_server_processes                 integer     0
job_queue_processes                  integer     10
log_archive_max_processes            integer     2
processes                            integer     20

新的会话连接，则报连接到空闲的实例，alert日志则出现相应的报错

[root@db1 ~]# su - oracle
[oracle@db1 ~]$ sqlplus /nolog
SQL*Plus: Release 10.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed Jul 4 13:50:22 2012
Copyright (c) 1982, 2005, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

SQL> conn /as sysdba
Connected to an idle instance.

[oracle@db1 dbs]$ tail -f /u01/app/oracle/admin/db1/bdump/alert_db1.log
Wed Jul  4 13:52:23 2012
ksvcreate: Process(q000) creation failed
Wed Jul  4 13:52:35 2012
Process q001 died, see its trace file
Wed Jul  4 13:52:35 2012
ksvcreate: Process(q001) creation failed
Wed Jul  4 13:52:37 2012
Process m000 died, see its trace file
Wed Jul  4 13:52:37 2012
ksvcreate: Process(m000) creation failed

refer: http://www.dba001.com/space.php?uid=854&do=blog&id=84

二：于是想到监控oracle的进程和会话数来进一步确定问题
1：首先要对用户进行显示授权，否则后面创建存储过程编译将会报错

SQL> grant select on V_$SESSION to hr;
Grant succeeded.

SQL> grant select on V_$PROCESS to hr;
Grant succeeded.

2：建表，用来存储结果

SQL> create table session_monitor(time timestamp,session_count number,process_count number);
Table created.

3：创建存储过程，将数据插入表

SQL> create or replace procedure proc_session
  2  is
  3  v_session number(8);
  4  v_process number(8);
  5  begin
  6   select count(*) into v_session from v$session;
  7   select count(*) into v_process from v$process;
  8   insert into session_monitor values (sysdate,v_session,v_process);
  9   commit;
 10  end proc_session;
Procedure created.

4：创建任务

SQL> var job number;
SQL> begin
  2    sys.dbms_job.submit(job => :job,
  3                        what => 'proc_session();',
  4                        next_date => sysdate,
  5                        interval => 'sysdate+2/1440');
  6* end;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

5：测试效果

SQL> exec proc_session;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD-HH24:MI:SS';
Session altered.

SQL>  select * from session_monitor;

TIME                                     SESSION_COUNT PROCESS_COUNT
---------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
26-JUL-12 03.02.12.000000 PM                       140           155
26-JUL-12 03.02.14.000000 PM                       141           157

SQL> select job,next_date from user_jobs where what='proc_session();';

       JOB NEXT_DATE
---------- -------------------
       145 2012-07-26-15:04:14

SQL> select * from session_monitor;

TIME                                     SESSION_COUNT PROCESS_COUNT
---------------------------------------- ------------- -------------
26-JUL-12 03.04.14.000000 PM                        87            94
26-JUL-12 03.02.12.000000 PM                       140           155
26-JUL-12 03.02.14.000000 PM                       141           157

6：如果要删除任务，则运行下列的命令，145代表user_jobs视图中的job列

SQL> begin
  2  dbms_job.remove(145);
  3  end;
PL/SQL procedure successfully completed.

三：使用nagios+fetion，定时去监控会话和进程数
1：创建监控脚本，该脚本放任务计划中运行，每2分钟自动执行

[root@server240 libexec]# cat session_oracle.sh
#!/bin/sh
rm -rf /tmp/session_oracle.log
export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1
/u01/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/db1/bin/sqlplus hr/[email protected]:1521/orcl <<EOF
set echo off
set feedback off
spool /tmp/session_oracle.log
alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS';
select session_count from (select * from session_monitor order by time desc ) where  rownum=1;
select process_count from (select * from session_monitor order by time desc ) where  rownum=1;
spool off
set echo on
set feedback on

2：创建第二脚本，用来处理前面监控脚本的日志输出，将结果返回给监控服务器

[root@server240 ~]# cat /tmp/session_oracle.log SQL> alter session set nls_date_format='YYYY-MM-DD:HH24:MI:SS';SQL> select session_count from (select * from session_monitor order by time desc ) where  rownum=1;
SESSION_COUNT                                                                   -------------                                                                             138                                                                   SQL> select process_count from (select * from session_monitor order by time desc ) where  rownum=1;
PROCESS_COUNT                                                                   -------------                                                                             153                                                                   SQL> spool off

[root@server240 libexec]# cat check_oracle_session.sh
#!/bin/sh
STATE_OK=0
STATE_CRITICAL=2

if  [ -f /tmp/session_oracle.log  ];then
     SESSION=$(grep -A 2 'SESSION_COUNT'  /tmp/session_oracle.log |tail -1|sed 's/[ ][ ]*//g')
     PROCESS=$(grep -A 2 'PROCESS_COUNT'  /tmp/session_oracle.log |tail -1|sed 's/[ ][ ]*//g')
     else
     echo "something wrong,please check monitor script"
     exit $STATE_CRITICAL
fi

if   [ $SESSION -gt 500 ] || [ $PROCESS -gt 500 ];then
     echo "Current session is $SESSION,process is $PROCESS "
     exit $STATE_CRITICAL
     else
       echo "Current session is $SESSION,process is $PROCESS "
       exit $STATE_OK
fi

四：实际效果
[root@server198 ~]# /usr/local/nagios/libexec/check_nrpe -H 192.168.1.240 -c check_oracle_session
Current session is 138,process is 153

五：后期观察结果，估计和内存问题相关
[oracle@server240 ~]$ sar -r |grep 10:20
10:20:02 AM   3481492  21195164     85.89    675584  13661448   3683012    413552     10.10     
[oracle@server240 ~]$ sar -r |grep 04:40
04:40:01 PM   2076748  22599908     91.58    734088  14581728   4048864     47700      1.16

本文出自 “斩月” 博客，谢绝转载！