CentOS 5.6 快速搭建LAMP

在虚拟机下安装了个CentOS，5.6版本的。利用NAT模式与宿主pc共享上网！   
当然可以采用编译源码的方式搭建lamp。这里只是介绍快速搭建php开发框架的方法。其实也没什么，主要是是是使用linux的yum来在线安装。如果上不了网请查找编译源码搭建lamp的文章。网上N多的哈^_^
   1.安装mysql数据库

     命令行下：yum -y install mysql mysql-server   

     Setting up Install Process
     Setting up repositories... ....

     ....................................................

     Installed: mysql-server.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1
     Dependency Installed: mysql.i386 0:4.1.20-1.RHEL4.1 perl-DBD-MySQL.i386 0:2.9004-3.1 perl-DBI.i386 0:1.40-8
     Complete!

    安装完毕，配置mysql：

   命令行下：vi /etc/my.cnf        提示:红色字为添加的行，主要是设置数据库默认的字符集为utf8

[mysqld]
datadir=/var/lib/mysql
socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock
user=mysql
# Default to using old password format for compatibility with mysql 3.x
# clients (those using the mysqlclient10 compatibility package).
old_passwords=1
default-character-set = utf8
# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks;
# to do so, uncomment this line:
# symbolic-links=0

[mysql]

default-character-set = utf8

 保存退出后，设置mysql服务随系统自启动，

命令行下：chkconfig mysqld on

       可以通过chkconfig --list mysqld 查看设置状态，显示 mysqld 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off，2~5显示On就可以了。
 

  启动mysql服务, /etc/rc.d.init.d/mysqld start

      Initializing MySQL database:　　　　　　　　 [ OK ]
      Starting MySQL: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　[ OK ]

可以登录mysql进行测试：mysql -u -root                     *(默认root的密码是空的)

出现提示符“mysql〉”后，设置root的密码。

以下动作出于安全考虑：

命令行下：mysql> use  mysql;

                    mysql> set password for root@localhost = password('你的密码');

                    mysql> set password for [email protected]=password('你的密码');

删除匿名用户: mysql> delete from user where user='';    

删除测试数据库: mysql> drop database test;

至此，mysql数据安装完成，可以用sql操作mysql测试。

2.安装apache

命令行下：yum -y install apache

Setting up Install Process
Setting up repositories

....................................

Complete!

接下来配置apache，编辑Apache的配置文件，命令行下：vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

#
# Don't give away too much information about all the subcomponents
# we are running. Comment out this line if you don't mind remote sites
# finding out what major optional modules you are running
ServerTokens OS　 ← 找到这一行，将“OS”改为“Prod”（在出现错误页的时候不显示服务器操作系统的名称）
↓
ServerTokens Prod 　 ← 变为此状态

#
# Optionally add a line containing the server version and virtual host
# name to server-generated pages (internal error documents, FTP directory
# listings, mod_status and mod_info output etc., but not CGI generated
# documents or custom error documents).
# Set to "EMail" to also include a mailto: link to the ServerAdmin.
# Set to one of: On | Off | EMail
#
ServerSignature On　 ← 找到这一行，将“On”改为“Off”
↓
ServerSignature Off　 ← 在错误页中不显示Apache的版本

#
# ServerName gives the name and port that the server uses to identify itself.
# This can often be determined automatically, but we recommend you specify
# it explicitly to prevent problems during startup.
#
# If this is not set to valid DNS name for your host, server-generated
# redirections will not work. See also the UseCanonicalName directive.
#
# If your host doesn't have a registered DNS name, enter its IP address here.
# You will have to access it by its address anyway, and this will make
# redirections work in a sensible way.
#
#ServerName new.host.name:80　 ← 修改主机名
↓
ServerName www.linuxidc.com:80　 ← 根据实际情况修改，端口号保持默认的80

#

# Possible values for the Options directive are "None", "All",
# or any combination of:
# Indexes Includes FollowSymLinks SymLinksifOwnerMatch ExecCGI MultiViews
#
# Note that "MultiViews" must be named *explicitly* --- "Options All"
# doesn't give it to you.
#
# The Options directive is both complicated and important. Please see
# http://httpd.apache.org/docs-2.0/mod/core.html#options
# for more information.
#

DirectoryIndex index.html index.html.var       ←找到这一行，

DirectoryIndex index.html index.php               ← 添加默认index.php文件

Options Indexes FollowSymLinks　 ← 找到这一行，删除“Indexes”，并添加“Includes”、“ExecCGI”
↓
Options Includes ExecCGI FollowSymLinks　 ← 允许服务器执行CGI及SSI

#
# AddHandler allows you to map certain file extensions to "handlers":
# actions unrelated to filetype. These can be either built into the server
# or added with the Action directive (see below)
#
# To use CGI scripts outside of ScriptAliased directories:
# (You will also need to add "ExecCGI" to the "Options" directive.)
#
#AddHandler cgi-script .cgi　 ← 找到这一行，去掉行首的“#”，并在行尾添加“.pl”
↓
AddHandler cgi-script .cgi .pl　 ← 允许扩展名为.pl的CGI脚本运行

#
# AllowOverride controls what directives may be placed in .htaccess files.
# It can be "All", "None", or any combination of the keywords:
# Options FileInfo AuthConfig Limit
#
AllowOverride None　 ← 找到这一行，将“None”改为“All”
↓
AllowOverride All　 ← 变为此状态，允许.htaccess

#
# Specify a default charset for all pages sent out. This is
# always a good idea and opens the door for future internationalisation
# of your web site, should you ever want it. Specifying it as
# a default does little harm; as the standard dictates that a page
# is in iso-8859-1 (latin1) unless specified otherwise i.e. you
# are merely stating the obvious. There are also some security
# reasons in browsers, related to javascript and URL parsing
# which encourage you to always set a default char set.
#
AddDefaultCharset UTF-8　 ← 找到这一行，在行首添加“#”
↓
#AddDefaultCharset UTF-8　 ← 不使用UTF-8作为网页的默认编码
AddDefaultCharset GB2312　 ← 并接着添加这一行（添加GB2312为默认编码）

<Directory "/var/www/icons">　 ← 找到这一个标签，并在标签中更改相应选项
Options Indexes MultiViews　 ← 找到这一行，将“Indexes”删除
↓
Options MultiViews 　 ← 变为此状态（不在浏览器上显示树状目录结构）
AllowOverride None
Order allow,deny
Allow from all
</Directory>

命令行下:  chkconfig httpd on　 ← 设置HTTP服务自启动

                     chkconfig --list httpd
                     httpd 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off 　 ← 确认2--5为on的状态就OK

                      /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd start　 ← 启动HTTP服务
                     Starting httpd: 　　　　　　　　　　　　　[ OK ]　← 启动成功会出现OK

在浏览器浏览http://127.0.0.1  就可以看到测试页面出现，表示安装成功。3.安装php

命令行下：yum -y install php

Setting up Install Process

Setting up repositories
Reading repository metadata in from local files
...............................

..................

Installing: php-pear ######################### [2/2]
Installed: php.i386 0:4.3.9-3.15
Dependency Installed: php-pear.i386 0:4.3.9-3.15
Complete!

安装完毕，配置文件位于/etc/php.ini。可以修改配置。

4.测试环境

建立一个php文件，

命令行下：vi  /var/www/html/test.php

输入代码:

<?php 
        $host = 'localhost'; 
        $user = 'root'; 
        $pwd = 'password'; 
        $link = mysql_connect( $host, $user, $pwd ); 
        if( !$link ){ 

               die( '连接失败' ); 
        }else{ 
               echo '连接成功！'; 
        } 
        mysql_close( $link ); 
?> 
保存退出，在浏览器下浏览 http://127.0.0.1/test.php ,可以看到php的相关信息页面。

至此，centos上利用yum在线快速搭建php环境就完成了。