mysql的一些初步使用！mysqlcheck mysqladmin 建立删除修改表，库，等

mysqladmin create testdb
创建testdb数据库
mysqladmin drop testdb
删除testdb数据库
查看当前服务器的状态信息
mysqladmin extended-status

重新载入授权表（类似reload 通常在权限操作之后）
mysqladmin filsh-privileges

给用户设置一个新密码为newbie
mysqladmin -u root password newbie
修改一个用户密码为test
mysqladmin -u root -pnewbie password test

mysqlcheck表维护和维修程序
当想检查某个数据的所有表，或者某个数据库内的某张表时
mysqlcheck -ptest mysql db
mysql.db                                           OK
#####################################################
当想检查多个数据库的时候
mysqlcheck --databases -ptest mysql test
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.general_log                                  OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.host                                         OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index                             OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
mysql.proxies_priv                                 OK
mysql.servers                                      OK
mysql.slow_log                                     OK
mysql.tables_priv                                  OK
mysql.time_zone                                    OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second                        OK
mysql.time_zone_name                               OK
mysql.time_zone_transition                         OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type                    OK
mysql.user                                         OK
#####################################################
当想一次性检查所有数据库的时候
mysqlcheck --all-database -ptest
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.general_log                                  OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.host                                         OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index                             OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
#####################################################
mysqlcheck 修复数据库
mysqlcheck --all-database -ptest
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.general_log                                  OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.host                                         OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index                             OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
#####################################################
mysql检查一个数据库如果发现有错误则自动修复它
mysqlcheck --auto-repair mysql -ptest
mysql.columns_priv                                 OK
mysql.db                                           OK
mysql.event                                        OK
mysql.func                                         OK
mysql.general_log                                  OK
mysql.help_category                                OK
mysql.help_keyword                                 OK
mysql.help_relation                                OK
mysql.help_topic                                   OK
mysql.host                                         OK
mysql.ndb_binlog_index                             OK
mysql.plugin                                       OK
mysql.proc                                         OK
mysql.procs_priv                                   OK
mysql.proxies_priv                                 OK
mysql.servers                                      OK
mysql.slow_log                                     OK
mysql.tables_priv                                  OK
mysql.time_zone                                    OK
mysql.time_zone_leap_second                        OK
mysql.time_zone_name                               OK
mysql.time_zone_transition                         OK
mysql.time_zone_transition_type                    OK

mysqldump
mysqldump用来作为数据库备份的程序，备份出来可以跨平台，跨文件系统，跨版本
mysqldump用来备份，mysqlimport用来导入
mysqldump -ptest  hahah > tst.sql，备份，hahah数据库导入到tstsql
mysqlimport -uroot -p --force db_name backup1.sql
# mysqlimport db_name backup1.sql

SQL语句
查看数据库列表
show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hahah              |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| test               |
+--------------------+
5 rows in set (0.00 sec)
删除一个数据库
mysql> drop database hahah;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
建立一个数据库,并且进入使用它

mysql> create database haha;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> use haha;
Database changed
mysql>
mysql建立一个表
mysql> create table reserve (                                              
    -> id int not null primary key,
    -> bookname text,
    -> writer text,
    -> bookdate date not null,
    -> price float,
    -> amount int
    -> );
第一行是比较简单的;它说明我们想要建立一个新的名为 reserve 的数据表。
第二行说明我们需要一个数据列叫 ID,这个列的类型应该是一个整数(INT)。这一行
还定义了这个数据列的其他一些信息。首先,由于这一列中的数据是书的编号,每一本书都
应该有一个编号,因此,这一行不允许为空(NOT NULL)。然后,由于编号是每一本书的
唯一的标识符,并且书的编号是不应该重复的,所以这个数据列中的所有值都应该是不重复
的(PRIMARY
KEY)。
第三行很简单;这说明我们需要一个数据列叫 bookname,这个列的类型应该是一个文
本(TEXT),它保存的是书名。
第四行和第三行没有什么不同。它保存书的作者名字。
第五行定义了列名是 date,这个列的类型是日期型(DATE)这个列也不能为空(NOT
NULL)。
第六行和第七行分别定义了 price 列和 amount 列,分别是价格和数量。它们的类型
分别是 FLOAT 和 INT。小心!作为定义的最后一列,amount int 后面可没有跟“;”。
show tables
    -> ;
+----------------+
| Tables_in_haha |
+----------------+
| reserve        |
+----------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
desc查看reseve表的结构
mysql> desc reserve;
+----------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| Field    | Type    | Null | Key | Default | Extra |
+----------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
| id       | int(11) | NO   | PRI | NULL    |       |
| bookname | text    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| writer   | text    | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| bookdate | date    | NO   |     | NULL    |       |
| price    | float   | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
| amount   | int(11) | YES  |     | NULL    |       |
+----------+---------+------+-----+---------+-------+
向数据库中插入一个表
insert into reserve set
    -> id = 1,
    -> bookname = "test ",
    -> writer = "zhoutao",
    -> bookdate = "2011-1-1",
    -> price = 75,
    -> amount = 50;
查询数据库中表的存储数据select
mysql> select * from reserve;
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
| id | bookname | writer  | bookdate   | price | amount |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
|  1 | test     | zhoutao | 2011-01-01 |    75 |     50 |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
select count(*)表示表中存储了多少条记录
select count(*) from reserve;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        1 |
+----------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
还可以使用where语句对使用的结构进行限制比如
select count(*) from reserve
    -> where bookdate >="2011-1-1"
    -> ;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        1 |
+----------+
select count(*) from reserve                            
    -> where bookname like "%es%" #可以使用表达式"%es%" es可以理解为过滤条件
    -> ;
+----------+
| count(*) |
+----------+
|        1 |
+----------+

上面两条命令可以组合使用
mysql> select * from reserve where bookname like "%es%" and bookdate >= "2011-1-1" ;
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
| id | bookname | writer  | bookdate   | price | amount |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
|  1 | test     | zhoutao | 2011-01-01 |    75 |     50 |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

修改表中数据！
update reserve set bookname="testhaha" where id=1;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
Rows matched: 1  Changed: 1  Warnings: 0

mysql> select * from reserve;
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
| id | bookname | writer  | bookdate   | price | amount |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
|  1 | testhaha | zhoutao | 2011-01-01 |    75 |     50 |
+----+----------+---------+------------+-------+--------+
delete from reserve where bookname like "%haha%";
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> select * from reserve;
Empty set (0.00 sec)
注：where语句可选，如果不用，你要清楚你在干什么，
比如
：delete from reserve;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
清空了整个表

              啥
 

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