CentOS6.2部属Oracle 11g

 

一、 前置条件准备

1、系统及配置要求

[root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/redhat-release

CentOS release 6.2 (Final)

[root@db1 ~]# uname -a

Linux db1.dong.com 2.6.32-220.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP Tue Dec 6 19:48:22 GMT 2011 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

[root@db1 ~]# grep "MemTotal" /proc/meminfo

MemTotal:        2051164 kB                     //物理内存大于1G

[root@db1 ~]# grep "SwapTotal" /proc/meminfo   

SwapTotal:       4194296 kB                     //交换分区大于2G

[root@db1 ~]# df -h /tmp/

Filesystem            Size  Used Avail Use% Mounted on

/dev/sda2             9.7G  851M  8.3G  10% /     //至少8G的硬盘空间

[root@db1 ~]# df -h | grep /opt

/dev/sdb1              15G  166M   14G   2% /opt

[root@db1 ~]# hostname

db1.dong.com

[root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/hosts

127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4

::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

192.168.10.253  db1     db1.dong.com

2、软件环境要求

[root@db1 ~]#  yum install binutils compat-libstdc++-33 compat-libstdc++ elfutils-libelf elfutils-libelf-devel gcc gcc-c++ glibc glibc-common glibc-devel glibc-headers ksh libaio libaio-devel libgcc libstdc++ libstdc++ libstdc++-devel make sysstat unixODBC unixODBC-devel

[root@db1 ~]# rpm -e ksh

[root@db1 ~]# rpm -ivh pdksh-5.2.14-36.el5.x86_64.rpm   #安装CentOS5上面的这个软件包

[root@db1 ~]# yum -y install java

3、用户环境要求

[root@db1 ~]# groupadd oinstall

[root@db1 ~]# groupadd dba

[root@db1 ~]# useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle

[root@db1 ~]# passwd oracle

[root@db1 ~]# mkdir /opt/oracle

[root@db1 ~]# chown -R oracle.oinstall /opt/oracle/

[root@db1 ~]# chown -R 775 /opt/oracle/

[root@db1 ~]# vim ~oracle/.bash_profile

umask 022

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export DISPLAY=:0.0

export LANG=en_US.UTF-8

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/sysctl.conf              #最后添加如下内容

fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576

fs.file-max = 6815744

kernel.shmmni = 4096

kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128

net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500

net.core.rmem_default = 4194304

net.core.wmem_default = 262144

net.core.rmem_max = 4194304

net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

[root@db1 ~]# sysctl –p

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/pam.d/login              #文件中添加

session    required     pam_limits.so

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/security/limits.conf     #最后添加

oracle soft nproc 8192

oracle hard nproc 16384

oracle soft nofile 32768

oracle hard nofile 65536

4、安装图形环境

[root@db1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "X Window System"

[root@db1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Desktop"

[root@db1 ~]# yum -y groupinstall "Chinese Support"

[root@db1 ~]# init 5

二、 Oracle 11g安装过程

[root@db1 ~]# cd /opt/

[root@db1 opt]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip

[root@db1 opt]# unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip

[oracle@db1 ~]$ cd /opt/database/

[oracle@db1 database]$ ./runInstaller

图形安装过程省略……

切换root执行脚本

/opt/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh

/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/profile          #在最后添加

export ORACLE_BASE=/opt/oracle

export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

export ORACLE_OWNER=oracle

export ORACLE_SID=orcl

export ORACLE_TERM=xterm

export PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

[root@db1 ~]# source /etc/profile

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/oratab

orcl:/opt/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1:Y

[root@db1 ~]# sqlplus sys AS SYSDBA

 

SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on Sun Jun 24 01:14:04 2012

 

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

 

Enter password:

 

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options

 

SQL> help index;

 

Enter Help [topic] for help.

 

 @             COPY         PAUSE                    SHUTDOWN

 @@            DEFINE       PRINT                    SPOOL

 /             DEL          PROMPT                   SQLPLUS

 ACCEPT        DESCRIBE     QUIT                     START

 APPEND        DISCONNECT   RECOVER                  STARTUP

 ARCHIVE LOG   EDIT         REMARK                   STORE

 ATTRIBUTE     EXECUTE      REPFOOTER                TIMING

 BREAK         EXIT         REPHEADER                TTITLE

 BTITLE        GET          RESERVED WORDS (SQL)     UNDEFINE

 CHANGE        HELP         RESERVED WORDS (PL/SQL)  VARIABLE

 CLEAR         HOST         RUN                      WHENEVER OSERROR

 COLUMN        INPUT        SAVE                     WHENEVER SQLERROR

 COMPUTE       LIST         SET                      XQUERY

 CONNECT       PASSWORD     SHOW

 

 

SQL> show user;

USER is "SYS"

三、 Oracle基本管理

1、 编写启动脚本

[root@db1 ~]# vim /etc/init.d/oracle 

[root@db1 ~]# cat /etc/init.d/oracle

#!/bin/bash

#### 2011.10.10 by TsengYia ####

# chkconfig: 35 90 10

# description: Oracle Database Service Daemon.

ORCL_BASE="/opt/oracle"

ORACLE_HOME=$ORCL_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1

ORACLE_OWNER=oracle

case "$1" in

  start)

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl start"         #//启用监听器

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbstart $ORACLE_HOME"  #//启用数据库

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl start dbconsole" #//启用OEM

    ;;

  stop)

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/emctl stop dbconsole" #//停止OEM

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/dbshut $ORACLE_HOME"   #//停止数据库

    su - $ORACLE_OWNER -c "$ORACLE_HOME/bin/lsnrctl stop"          #//停止监听器

    ;;

  status)

    if(pgrep "tnslsnr" && netstat -anpt | grep ":1521") &> /dev/null

    then

        echo "Oracle 11g Net Listener is running."

    else

        echo "Oracle 11g Net Listener is not running."

    fi

    if(netstat -anpt | grep ":1158" && netstat -anpt | grep ":5520") &> /dev/null

    then

        echo "Oracle 11g Enterprise Manager is running."

    else

        echo "Oracle 11g Enterprise Manager is not running."

    fi

    ;;

  restart)

    $0 stop

    $0 start

    ;;

  *)

    echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|restart|status}"

    exit 1

    ;;

esac

exit 0

 

[root@db1 ~]# chmod +x /etc/init.d/oracle

[root@db1 ~]# chkconfig --add oracle

[root@db1 ~]# service oracle status

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