图解autoscan、aclocal、autoheader、automake、autoconf、configure、make

1.autoscan (autoconf): 扫描源代码以搜寻普通的可移植性问题,比如检查编译器,库,头文件等,生成文件configure.scan,它是configure.ac的一个雏形。
    your source files --> [autoscan*] --> [configure.scan] --> configure.ac
2.aclocal (automake):根据已经安装的宏,用户定义宏和acinclude.m4文件中的宏将configure.ac文件所需要的宏集中定义到文件 aclocal.m4中。aclocal是一个perl 脚本程序,它的定义是:“aclocal - create aclocal.m4 by scanning configure.ac”
user input files   optional input     process          output files
================   ==============     =======          ============
                    acinclude.m4 - - - - -.
                                          V
                                      .-------,
configure.ac ------------------------>|aclocal|
                 {user macro files} ->|       |------> aclocal.m4
                                      `-------'
3.autoheader(autoconf): 根据configure.ac中的某些宏,比如cpp宏定义,运行m4,声称config.h.in
user input files    optional input     process          output files
================    ==============     =======          ============
                    aclocal.m4 - - - - - - - .
                                             |
                                             V
                                     .----------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoheader|----> autoconfig.h.in
                                     `----------'
4.automake: automake将Makefile.am中定义的结构建立Makefile.in,然后configure脚本将生成的Makefile.in文件转换为Makefile。如果在configure.ac中定义了一些特殊的宏,比如AC_PROG_LIBTOOL,它会调用libtoolize,否则它会自己产生config.guess和config.sub
user input files   optional input   processes          output files
================   ==============   =========          ============
                                     .--------,
                                     |        | - - -> COPYING
                                     |        | - - -> INSTALL
                                     |        |------> install-sh
                                     |        |------> missing
                                     |automake|------> mkinstalldirs
configure.ac ----------------------->|        |
Makefile.am  ----------------------->|        |------> Makefile.in
                                     |        |------> stamp-h.in
                                 .---+        | - - -> config.guess
                                 |   |        | - - -> config.sub
                                 |   `------+-'
                                 |          | - - - -> config.guess
                                 |libtoolize| - - - -> config.sub
                                 |          |--------> ltmain.sh
                                 |          |--------> ltconfig
                                 `----------'
5.autoconf:将configure.ac中的宏展开,生成configure脚本。这个过程可能要用到aclocal.m4中定义的宏。
user input files   optional input   processes          output files
================   ==============   =========          ============
aclocal.m4 ,autoconfig.h.in - - - - - - -.
                                         V
                                     .--------,
configure.ac ----------------------->|autoconf|------> configure
 
6. ./configure的过程

.-------------> [config.cache] configure* --------------------------+-------------> config.log | [config.h.in] -. v .--> [autoconfig.h]
+-------> config.status* -+ Makefile.in ---' `--> Makefile
 
7. make过程
 
     [autoconfig.h] -.
+--> make* ---> 程序
Makefile ---'
 
                                     .---------,
                   config.site - - ->|         |
                  config.cache - - ->|         | - - -> config.cache
                                     |         +-,
                                     `-+-------' |
                                       |         |----> config.status
                   config.h.in ------->|config-  |----> config.h
                   Makefile.in ------->|  .status|----> Makefile
                                       |         |----> stamp-h
                                       |         +--,
                                     .-+         |  |
                                     | `------+--'  |
                   ltmain.sh ------->|ltconfig|-------> libtool
                                     |        |     |
                                     `-+------'     |
                                       |config.guess|
                                       | config.sub |
                                       `------------'
       
       
       
       
                                   .--------,
                   Makefile ------>|        |
                   config.h ------>|        |
{project sources} ---------------->|        |--------> {project targets}
                                 .-+        +--,
                                 | `--------'  |
                                 |   libtool   |
                                 |   missing   |
                                 |  install-sh |
                                 |mkinstalldirs|
                                 `-------------'

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