新瓶旧酒ASP.NET AJAX(1) - 简单地过一下每个控件（ScriptManager、ScriptManagerProxy

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新瓶旧酒ASP.NET AJAX(1) - 简单地过一下每个控件（ScriptManager、ScriptManagerProxy、UpdatePanel、 UpdateProgress和Timer）

作者：webabcd


介绍
ASP.NET AJAX就5个控件，分别是ScriptManager、ScriptManagerProxy、UpdatePanel、UpdateProgress和Timer。先简单地过一下。


关键
1、ScriptManager 和ScriptManagerProxy
    ・一个页只能有一个ScriptManager（包含了所有脚本资源），要放到任何用到AJAX的控件的前面。
    ・如果把它放到母版页，而内容页需要与其不同的配置的话，则应在内容页使用ScriptManagerProxy。 
    ・ScriptManager默认EnablePartialRendering="true"。
    ・ScriptManager的 AllowCustomErrorsRedirect="true"的时候，出现异常就会转到web.config里customErrors中defaultRedirect所指的地址。

2、 UpdatePanel
    ・UpdatePanel内放置需要被刷新的控件，如果是其内部控件事件导致其刷新，则不用另外做什么设置，因为UpdatePanel默认ChildrenAsTriggers="true"。
    ・如果是UpdatePanel外部控件导致其刷新的话，则应设置 Triggers。
    ・在Triggers内，如果AsyncPostBackTrigger未设置EventName，则为其指定控件的默认事件。 
    ・UpdatePanel默认UpdateMode="Always"，需要的话应设置UpdateMode="Conditional"。
    ・RenderMode="Block"对应div；RenderMode="Inline"对应span

3、UpdateProgress
    ・默认，任何回发，当有延迟的时候则显示UpdateProgress里的ProgressTemplate。
    ・要与某UpdatePanel关联则设置 AssociatedUpdatePanelID属性。
    ・DynamicLayout为true则用“display:none;”隐藏；DynamicLayout为false则用 “visibility:hidden;”隐藏。
    ・默认情况下，例如有2个异步回发，如果第1个还没有执行完毕就执行第2个的话，则会先取消第1个异步回发。

4、Timer
    ・Interval：间隔时间，单位（毫秒）；每一个间隔时间后将触发 Tick事件。
    ・Timer要放在其所刷新的UpdatePanel内部；放外面的话要设置UpdatePanel的Triggers。

5、其它
    ・要在UpdatePanel中使用Validator的话，请参看http://blogs.msdn.com/mattgi/archive/2007/01/23/asp-net-ajax-validators.aspx
    ・内容页获取母版页的ScriptManager：ScriptManager.GetCurrent(Page)
    ・后置代码处对UpdatePanel编程，例： ScriptManager.GetCurrent(this).RegisterAsyncPostBackControl(this.Button1); ScriptManager.GetCurrent (this).RegisterPostBackControl(this.Button2); this.UpdatePanel1.Update();
    ・Internet Explorer Developer Toolbar下载
    ・Fiddler下载
    ・Web Development Helper下载


示例
1、最简单的示例

<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Sample.aspx.cs"
        Inherits="Overview_Sample" Title="最简单的示例" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server">
        <ul>
                <li>之前要有ScriptManager（包含了所有脚本资源），我把它放到母版页了。内容页如需不同配置则应使用ScriptManagerProxy。</li>
                <li>最简单的示例，拖个UpdatePanel进来。在 UpdatePanel内拖个GridView，并设置其数据源即可。 </li>
        </ul>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
                <ContentTemplate>
                        <asp:GridView ID="GridView1" runat="server" AllowPaging="True" AllowSorting="True"
                                DataSourceID ="SqlDataSource1">
                                <Columns>
                                     & nbsp;<asp:CommandField ShowEditButton="True" ShowSelectButton="True" />
                                </Columns>
                        </asp:GridView>
                </ContentTemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
        <asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<% $ ConnectionStrings:connstr %>"
                DeleteCommand="DELETE FROM [Products] WHERE [ProductID] = @ProductID" InsertCommand="INSERT INTO [Products]    ([ProductName], [QuantityPerUnit], [UnitPrice], [Discontinued]) VALUES    (@ProductName, @QuantityPerUnit, @UnitPrice, @Discontinued)"
                SelectCommand="SELECT    [ProductID], [ProductName], [QuantityPerUnit], [UnitPrice], [Discontinued] FROM    [Products]"
                UpdateCommand="UPDATE    [Products] SET [ProductName] = @ProductName, [QuantityPerUnit] = @QuantityPerUnit,    [UnitPrice] = @UnitPrice, [Discontinued] = @Discontinued WHERE [ProductID]    = @ProductID">
                <DeleteParameters>
                        <asp:Parameter Name="ProductID" Type="Int32" />
                </DeleteParameters>
                <UpdateParameters>
                        <asp:Parameter Name="ProductName" Type="String" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="QuantityPerUnit" Type="String" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="UnitPrice" Type="Decimal" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="Discontinued" Type="Boolean" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="ProductID" Type="Int32" />
                </UpdateParameters>
                <InsertParameters>
                        <asp:Parameter Name="ProductName" Type="String" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="QuantityPerUnit" Type="String" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="UnitPrice" Type="Decimal" />
                        <asp:Parameter Name="Discontinued" Type="Boolean" />
                </InsertParameters>
        </asp:SqlDataSource>
</asp:Content>

 

2、UpdatePanel

<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="UpdatePanel.aspx.cs"
        Inherits="Overview_UpdatePanel" Title="UpdatePanel" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server">
        <ul>
                <li>UpdatePanel内放置需要被刷新的控件，如果是其内部控件事件导致其刷新，则不用另外做什么设置，因为UpdatePanel默认ChildrenAsTriggers="true"。</li>
                <li>如果是UpdatePanel外部控件导致其刷新的话，则应设置Triggers。</li>
                <li>在Triggers内，如果AsyncPostBackTrigger 未设置EventName，则为其指定控件的默认事件。</li>
                <li>UpdatePanel默认UpdateMode="Always"，需要的话应设置UpdateMode="Conditional"。</li>
                <li>RenderMode="Block"对应div； RenderMode="Inline"对应span</li>
        </ul>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
                <contenttemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>我在UpdatePanel里</legend>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="我是 Label"></asp:Label>
                        </fieldset>
                </contenttemplate>
                <triggers>
                        <%--如果没设置 EventName，则取默认事件，Button的默认事件为Click-- %>
                        <asp:AsyncPostBackTrigger ControlID="Button1" />
                </triggers>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
        <p>
                 </p>
        <fieldset>
                <legend>我在UpdatePanel外</legend>
                <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="按钮" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
        </fieldset>
        <p>
                 </p>
        <%--嵌套UpdatePanel-- %>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel2" runat="server" UpdateMode="Conditional">
                <contenttemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>外围UpdatePanel</legend>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="我是 Label"></asp:Label>
                                <asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Text="按钮" OnClick="Button2_Click" />
                                <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel3" runat="server">
                                     & nbsp;<ContentTemplate>
                                     & nbsp;        <fieldset>
                                     & nbsp;                <legend>嵌套UpdatePanel</legend>
                                     & nbsp;                <asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" Text="我是Label"></asp:Label>
                                     & nbsp;                <asp:Button ID="Button3" runat="server" Text="按钮" OnClick="Button3_Click" />
                                     & nbsp;        </fieldset>
                                     & nbsp;</ContentTemplate>
                                </asp:UpdatePanel>
                        </fieldset>
                </contenttemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
</asp:Content>

 

3、UpdateProgress

<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="UpdateProgress.aspx.cs"
        Inherits="Overview_UpdateProgress" Title="UpdateProgress" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server">
        <ul>
                <li>默认，任何回发，当有延迟的时候则显示 UpdateProgress里的ProgressTemplate。</li>
                <li>要与某UpdatePanel关联则设置 AssociatedUpdatePanelID属性。</li>
                <li>DynamicLayout为true则用“display:none; ”隐藏；DynamicLayout为false则用“visibility:hidden;”隐藏。</li>
                <li>默认情况下，例如有2个异步回发，如果第1 个还没有执行完毕就执行第2个的话，则会先取消第1个异步回发。</li>
        </ul>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
                <ContentTemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>UpdatePanel1</legend>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label1"></asp:Label>
                                <br />
                                <asp:Button ID="Button1" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button1_Click" />
                        </fieldset>
                </ContentTemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
        <asp:UpdateProgress ID="UpdateProgress1" runat="server" AssociatedUpdatePanelID="UpdatePanel1"
                DynamicLayout="false">
                <ProgressTemplate>
                        <p>
                                UpdatePanel1更新中    
                        </p>
                </ProgressTemplate>
        </asp:UpdateProgress>
        <p>
                 </p>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel2" runat="server">
                <ContentTemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>UpdatePanel2</legend>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label2" runat="server" Text="Label2"></asp:Label>
                                <br />
                                <asp:Button ID="Button2" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button2_Click" />
                        </fieldset>
                </ContentTemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
        <asp:UpdateProgress ID="UpdateProgress2" runat="server" AssociatedUpdatePanelID="UpdatePanel2"
                DynamicLayout="true">
                <ProgressTemplate>
                        <p>
                                UpdatePanel2更新中    
                        </p>
                </ProgressTemplate>
        </asp:UpdateProgress>
        <p>
                 </p>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel3" runat="server">
                <ContentTemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>UpdatePanel3</legend>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label3" runat="server" Text="Label3"></asp:Label><br />
                                <asp:Button ID="Button3" runat="server" Text="Button" OnClick="Button3_Click" />
                        </fieldset>
                </ContentTemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
        <asp:UpdateProgress ID="UpdateProgress3" runat="server">
                <ProgressTemplate>
                        有延迟我就更新
                </ProgressTemplate>
        </asp:UpdateProgress>
</asp:Content>

 

 

4、Timer

<%@ Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Site.master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Timer.aspx.cs"
        Inherits="Overview_Timer" Title="Timer" %>

<asp:Content ID="Content1" ContentPlaceHolderID="ContentPlaceHolder1" runat="Server">
        <ul>
                <li>Interval：间隔时间，单位（毫秒）；每一个间隔时间后将触发Tick事件 </li>
                <li>Timer要放在其所刷新的UpdatePanel内部；放外面的话要设置UpdatePanel的Triggers。</li>
        </ul>
        <asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
                <ContentTemplate>
                        <fieldset>
                                <legend>UpdatePanel1</legend>
                                <p>
                                     & nbsp;内部Timer
                                     & nbsp;<asp:Timer ID="Timer1" runat="server" OnTick="Timer1_Tick" Interval="1000">
                                     & nbsp;</asp:Timer>
                                </p>
                                <asp:Label ID="Label1" runat="server" Text="Label"></asp:Label>
                        </fieldset>
                </ContentTemplate>
        </asp:UpdatePanel>
</asp:Content>

 

 

注：以上示例涉及到后置代码的，其作用都是用来刷新相关的Label的，所以略掉了。


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