nginx介绍以及编译安装

nginx:     功能：web服务，web代理 ，smtp反向代理

yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel

groupadd nginx

useradd –g nginx –s /bin/false –M nginx

# tar xvf nginx-1.1.3.tar.gz

#cd nginx-1.1.3.tar.gz

# ./configure \

  --prefix=/usr \

  --sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \

  --conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \

  --error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \

  --http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \

  --pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \

  --lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \

  --user=nginx \

  --group=nginx \

  --with-http_ssl_module \

  --with-http_flv_module \

  --with-http_stub_status_module \

  --with-http_gzip_static_module \

  --http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \

  --http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \

  --http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/ \

  --with-pcre 支持Perl

若要其他的可以用./configure –help

#make

#make install

安装好后启动nginx，由于启动时没有脚本自己写放在/etc/init.d/：

#!/bin/sh

#

# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon

#

# chkconfig: - 85 15

# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \

# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server

# processname: nginx

# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf

# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx

# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid



# Source function library.

. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions



# Source networking configuration.

. /etc/sysconfig/network



# Check that networking is up.

[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0



nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"

prog=$(basename $nginx)



NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"



[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx



lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx



make_dirs() {

   # make required directories

   user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`

   options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`

   for opt in $options; do

       if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then

           value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`

           if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then

               # echo "creating" $value

               mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value

           fi

       fi

   done

}



start() {

    [ -x $nginx ] || exit 5

    [ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6

    make_dirs

    echo -n $"Starting $prog: "

    daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

    retval=$?

    echo

    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile

    return $retval

}



stop() {

    echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "

    killproc $prog -QUIT

    retval=$?

    echo

    [ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile

    return $retval

}



restart() {

    configtest || return $?

    stop

    sleep 1

    start

}



reload() {

    configtest || return $?

    echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "

    killproc $nginx -HUP

    RETVAL=$?

    echo

}



force_reload() {

    restart

}



configtest() {

  $nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE

}



rh_status() {

    status $prog

}



rh_status_q() {

    rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1

}



case "$1" in

    start)

        rh_status_q && exit 0

        $1

        ;;

    stop)

        rh_status_q || exit 0

        $1

        ;;

    restart|configtest)

        $1

        ;;

    reload)

        rh_status_q || exit 7

        $1

        ;;

    force-reload)

        force_reload

        ;;

    status)

        rh_status

        ;;

    condrestart|try-restart)

        rh_status_q || exit 0

            ;;

    *)

        echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"

        exit 2

esac

保存设置执行权限

#chown +x /etc/init.d/ngixd

配置文件介绍：



#user nobody;
worker_processes 1; CPU核数有关，能增强并行处理能力

#error_log logs/error.log; 错误日志
#error_log logs/error.log notice; 不同级别的错误日志
#error_log logs/error.log info;

#pid logs/nginx.pid;


events { 允许并发连接数
worker_connections 1024; 最大连接数
}


http {
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
# '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
# '"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for"';

#access_log logs/access.log main;

sendfile on; 针对小文件访问，有良好的速率
#tcp_nopush on;

#keepalive_timeout 0;
keepalive_timeout 65; 超时时间

#gzip on; 压缩传输

server { 单独定义主机，也可以定义虚拟主机
listen 80;
server_name localhost; 主机名

#charset koi8-r;

#access_log logs/host.access.log main;

location / { 定义在哪个目录设置访问匹配权限
root html; 网页在html子目录下
index index.html index.htm;
}

#error_page 404 /404.html;

# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}

# proxy the PHP scripts to Apache listening on 127.0.0.1:80
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1;
#}

# pass the PHP scripts to FastCGI server listening on 127.0.0.1:9000
#
#location ~ \.php$ {
# root html;
# fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
# fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
# include fastcgi_params;
#}

# deny access to .htaccess files, if Apache's document root
# concurs with nginx's one
#
#location ~ /\.ht {
# deny all;
#}
}


# another virtual host using mix of IP-, name-, and port-based configuration
#
#server {
# listen 8000;
# listen somename:8080;
# server_name somename alias another.alias;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}


# HTTPS server
#
#server {
# listen 443;
# server_name localhost;

# ssl on;
# ssl_certificate cert.pem;
# ssl_certificate_key cert.key;

# ssl_session_timeout 5m;

# ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1;
# ssl_ciphers HIGH:!aNULL:!MD5;
# ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;

# location / {
# root html;
# index index.html index.htm;
# }
#}

}

介绍一些其他的upstream反向代理

upstream name {

                 server IP:80 weight=3;

                 server IP:80 ;

                }

location 某个网页位置中的某个文件的访问权限

      location [ =|~|~*|^~|@]

          =表示精确匹配

          不带任何符号模糊匹配

          ~ 区分大小写的正则表达式

         ~* 不区分大小写正则表达式

          ^~ 禁用正则表达式

      对于特定子目录的优先级高

What is FastCGIFastCGI

    is a high-speed and scalable interface for communicating with the web server scripting language. FastCGI is supported by many scripting languages, including php, if it is compiled with the option - --enable-fastcgi. It is supported by most popular web servers, including Apache (mod_fastcgi and mod_fcgid), Zeus, nginx and lighttpd. The main advantage of FastCGI is isolating the dynamic language from the web server. The technology, among other things, allows you to run a web server and dynamic language for the different hosts, which improves scalability and also aids security without a significant loss of productivity.PHP-FPM works on with any web server that supports FastCGI.

启动服务：service ngixd start 其中ngixd是编写的脚步的名字

[root@squid2 nginx]# netstat -ntulp |grep nginx

  tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:80 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 12713/nginx.conf

压力测试