Cacti部署指南（v0.8.8）

本次部署的LAMP主要由RHEL5.5、APACHE2.4.3、PHP5.4.9和MYSQL5.5.27这四部分组成。

安装后的Cacti首页。

【安装准备】

1、卸载已安装LAMP

# rpm -e httpd
# rpm -e mysql
# rpm -e php
# yum -y remove httpd
# yum -y remove php
# yum -y remove mysql-server mysql
# yum -y remove php-mysql

2、关闭SELINUX和IPTABLES

# sed -i 's/SELINUX=enforcing/SELINUX=disabled/g' /etc/selinux/config //永久禁用，需要重启生效
# /etc/rc.d/init.d/iptables stop

【安装apache2.4.3】

1、如果以前安装过httpd或者yum方式安装了apr和apr-util，都需要卸载

# yum remove apr apr-util httpd

2、编译和安装apr

# wget -c http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-1.4.6.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf apr-1.4.6.tar.gz
# cd apr
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-httpd/
# make
# make install

3、编译和安装apr-util

# wget -c http://mirror.bjtu.edu.cn/apache//apr/apr-util-1.4.1.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf apr-util-1.4.1.tar.gz
# cd apr-util
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd/
# make
# make install

4、编译httpd

# wget -c http://apache.etoak.com/httpd/httpd-2.4.3.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf httpd-2.4.3.tar.gz
# cd httpd-2.4.3
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apache --with-apr=/usr/local/apr-httpd --with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util-httpd --enable-so --enable-deflate=shared --enable-expires=shared  --enable-headers=shared --enable-rewrite=shared --enable-static-support
# make
# make install

5、如需启动、停止、重启Apache就可以用以下方式

# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start //启动
# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k stop //停止
# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k restart //重启

【安装MySQL5.5.28】

1、安装依赖库gcc、gcc-c++

yum install gcc gcc-c++

2、编译和安装cmdk

# wget -c http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.8/cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf cmake-2.8.10.2.tar.gz
# cd cmake-2.8.10.2
# ./bootstrap --prefix=/usr/local/cmake
# make
# make install

3、添加mysql用户和用户组 

# groupadd mysql
# useradd -g mysql mysql

4、安装mysql

# wget -c http://cdn.mysql.com/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz
# cd mysql-5.5.28
# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_ARCHIVE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_BLACKHOLE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306
# make
# make install
# cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
# /usr/local/mysql/scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql
# chown -R root.mysql /usr/local/mysql
# chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/data

5、修改root密码

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot password '新密码'

6、启动、停止mysql

# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --user=mysql & //启动
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -uroot -p shutdown //停止

【安装PHP5.4.9】

1、查询并删除原有PHP

# rpm -q php

2、安装依赖的库

# yum install libxml2-devel
# wget -c http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
# tar zxvf libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
# cd libiconv-1.14
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/libiconv
# make
# make install

3、编译和安装PHP

# wget -c http://www.php.net/get/php-5.4.9.tar.gz/from/cn2.php.net/mirror
# tar -zxvf php-5.4.9.tar.gz
# cd php-5.4.9
# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php/etc --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/php.d --with-openssl --with-zlib --enable-bcmath --with-bz2 --with-curl --enable-ftp --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-gettext --with-mhash --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --enable-soap --enable-zip --enable-sockets --with-iconv=/usr/local/libiconv --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql --without-pear
# make
# make install

4、配置PHP

# cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php/etc/php.ini
# vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf
    在#AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz下加一行:
    AddType application/x-httpd-php .php
    在#LoadModule foo_module modules/mod_foo.so下加一行: 如果原来有就去掉#号
    LoadModule php5_module  modules/libphp5.so
    找到DirectoryIndex index.html在后面添加 index.php
    保存httpd.conf文件.
# pkill httpd
# /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -k start

5、测试PHP

# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/index.php
    输入 <?php phpinfo(); ?>
    保存index.php文件
    在浏览器上输入http://ip:port/index.php 可以看到PHP版本信息

【安装rrdtool1.4.7】

1、设置环境变量

# export BUILD_DIR=/data/tools/postfix_install
# export INSTALL_DIR=/usr/local/rrdtool
# export CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC"
# export LDFLAGS="-Wl,--rpath -Wl,${INSTALL_DIR}/lib"
# export PKG_CONFIG_PATH=/usr/local/rrdtool/lib/pkgconfig

2、编译和安装依赖工具库pkgconfig

# wget -c http://pkgconfig.freedesktop.org/releases/pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf pkg-config-0.23.tar.gz
# cd pkg-config-0.23
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

3、编译和安装依赖工具库zlib

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
# tar xzvf zlib-1.2.3.tar.gz
# cd zlib-1.2.3
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --shared
# make
# make install

4、编译和安装依赖工具库libpng

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz
# tar xzvf libpng-1.2.18.tar.gz
# cd libpng-1.2.18
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

5、编译和安装依赖工具库freetype

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
# tar xzvf freetype-2.3.5.tar.gz
# cd freetype-2.3.5
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR CFLAGS="-O3 -fPIC"
# make
# make install

6、编译和安装依赖工具库LibXML2

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/libxml2-2.6.32.tar.gz
# tar xzvf libxml2-2.6.32.tar.gz
# cd libxml2-2.6.32
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

7、编译和安装依赖工具库fontconfig

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz
# tar xzvf fontconfig-2.4.2.tar.gz
# cd fontconfig-2.4.2
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --with-freetype-config=$INSTALL_DIR/bin/freetype-config --with-expat-lib=/usr/lib64
# make
# make install

8、编译和安装依赖工具库pixman

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/pixman-0.10.0.tar.gz
# tar xzvf pixman-0.10.0.tar.gz
# cd pixman-0.10.0
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

9、编译和安装依赖工具库cairo

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/cairo-1.6.4.tar.gz
# tar xzvf cairo-1.6.4.tar.gz
# cd cairo-1.6.4
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --enable-xlib=no --enable-xlib-render=no --enable-win32=no
# make
# make install

10、编译和安装依赖工具库Glib

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/glib-2.15.4.tar.gz
# tar xzvf glib-2.15.4.tar.gz
# cd glib-2.15.4
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

11、编译和安装依赖工具库Pango

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/libs/pango-1.21.1.tar.bz2
# tar jxvf pango-1.21.1.tar.gz
# cd pango-1.21.1
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR --without-x
# make
# make install

12、编译和安装依赖工具库intltool（此步骤可选）

# yum install perl-XML-Parser
# wget -c http://ftp.gnome.org/pub/gnome/sources/intltool/0.40/intltool-0.40.6.tar.gz
# tar xzvf intltool-0.40.6.tar.gz
# cd intltool-0.40.6
# ./configure
# make
# make install

13、编译和安装依赖工具库rrdtool

# wget -c http://oss.oetiker.ch/rrdtool/pub/rrdtool-1.4.7.tar.gz
# tar xzvf rrdtool-1.4.7.tar.gz
# cd rrdtool-1.4.7
# ./configure --prefix=$INSTALL_DIR
# make
# make install

【安装snmp】

1、检查snmp是否存在

# rpm -qa|grep net-snmp
    net-snmp须安装以下4个包
    net-snmp-libs-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386
    net-snmp-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386
    net-snmp-devel-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386
    net-snmp-utils-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386
# rpm -ivh elfutils-devel-*
# rpm -ivh beecrypt-*
# rpm -ivh net-snmp-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386.rpm
# rpm -ivh net-snmp-devel-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386.rpm
# rpm -ivh net-snmp-utils-5.3.2.2-5.el5.i386.rpm

2、配置snmp

# vi /etc/snmp/snmpd.conf
    com2sec notConfigUser default public 改为：com2sec notConfigUser 127.0.0.1 public
    access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact systemview none none 改为：access notConfigGroup "" any noauth exact all none none
# view all included .1 80
    将前面的#注释去掉
    保存snmpd.conf文件

3、重启snmp服务

# service snmpd restart

【安装Cacti0.8.8a】

1、编译和安装cacti

# wget -c http://www.cacti.net/downloads/cacti-0.8.8a.tar.gz
# tar -zxvf cacti-0.8.8a.tar.gz
# mv cacti-0.8.8a /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti
# chown -R root.root /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti
# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot -p
    mysql> create database cacti;
    mysql> use cacti;
    mysql> source /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/cacti.sql;
    mysql> grant all on cacti.* to root;
    mysql> grant all on cacti.* to root@localhost;
    mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cactiuser;
    mysql> grant all on cacti.* to cactiuser@localhost;
    mysql> set password for cactiuser@localhost=password('cactipw');
# vi /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/include/config.php
    $database_type=“mysql”;
    $database_default=“cacti”;
    $database_hostname=“localhost”;
    $database_username=“cactiuser”;
    $database_password=“cactipw”;

2、Cacti安装向导

（1）访问http://ip:port/cacti 页面显示Cacti Installation Guide信息，点击Next
（2）选择“New Install”，并确认所显示的配置信息，没有问题则点击Next
（3）各个路径根据自己的安装路径填写，找不着的可以试着用whereis、find之类的命令检索一下，一定要全部填写正确！不然会影响画图，设置完成后点击Finish
        RRDTool Binary Path: /usr/local/rrdtool/bin/rrdtool
        PHP Binary Path: /usr/local/php/bin/php
        snmpwalk Binary Path: /usr/bin/snmpwalk
        snmpget Binary Path: /usr/bin/snmpget
        snmpbulkwalk Binary Path: /usr/bin/snmpbulkwalk
        snmpgetnext Binary Path: /usr/bin/snmpgetnext
        Cacti Log File Path: /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/log/cacti.log
        SNMP Utility Version: NET-SNMP 5.x
        RRDTool Utility Version: RRDTool 1.4.x
（4）来到Cacti登录界面，首次登陆默认账号/密码是admin/admin，点击Login，然后系统会强制立即修改密码
（5）点击Console->Setting->Paths，填入下列地址
        RRDTool Default Font:
        Spine Poller File Path: /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php

3、生成统计图像

# /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
# ls /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/rra //看看这个目录下面有没有文件存在，有则表示图像生成成功
# crontab -e
# */1 * * * * cactiuser /usr/local/php/bin/php /usr/local/apache/htdocs/cacti/poller.php > /dev/null 2>&1
 :wq

 

完成以上步骤即可成功使用Cactiv0.8.8对所需要的服务系统进行监控了。