实验2 静态路由，默认路由的简单配置

自己做的关于cisco静态路由，默认路由，浮动路由的三个实验！实验很简单，不多说看实验，如下：

实验拓扑：

 

实验目标：通过在R2 R3上配置静态路由.使R2. R3可以相互的通信。

 

首先配置好R2.R3的ip 地址：

R2：

Router(config)#host R2
R2(config)#int s1/0
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.0.2 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#int s1/1
R2(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
R2(config-if)#no shut
R2(config-if)#exit

 

R3：

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)#host R3
R3(config)#int s1/0
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#int s1/1
R3(config-if)#ip add 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.0
R3(config-if)#no shut
R3(config-if)#exit
R3(config)#

 

1.在R2上配置静态路由：

R2(config)#ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R2(config)#

 

在R3上配置静态路由：

R3(config)#ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R3(config)#

 

在R2上用“show ip route”命令查看路由表:

*Nov  3 22:31:02.350: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
S    192.168.2.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.2       //R2上静态路由
R2#

查看R3路由表：

Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/47/100 ms
R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

S    192.168.0.0/24 [1/0] via 192.168.1.1
    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
R3#

在R2上Ping R3:

R2#PING
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.2.1          //目标ip地址
Repeat count [5]:                               //发送ping次数
Datagram size [100]:                         //ping包的大小
Timeout in seconds [2]:                     //超时时间
Extended commands [n]: Y               //是否进一步扩展命令
Source address or interface: 192.168.0.2                      //源ip地址
Type of service [0]:
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]:
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.2.1, timeout is 2 seconds:
Packet sent with a source address of 192.168.0.2
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 12/27/56 ms
R2#

以上输出结果表明通过在R2  R3 配置静态路由，从而是R2  R3之间可以互相通信。

个人关于配置静态路由的认识：

配置静态路由的命令为“ip route" 其命令格式为：

ip route 目标网络号  子网掩码 下一跳路由ip |接口

上面的R2也可写成端口模式

ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 s1/0

注：在写静态路由时，如果链路是点对点的链路（如 ppp 封装的链路），采用下一跳路由ip 或接口是可以的：然而如果链路是多路访问的链路（以太网），则只能采用下一跳路由ip！

 

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2.配置默认路由：

实验拓扑如上：

实验目标：通过在R2 R3上配置默认路由.使R2. R3可以相互的通信。

 

首先分别删除R2  R3 上的静态路由信息

R2：

R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#no ip route 192.168.2.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.2
R2(config)#^Z
R2#                                              

R3：

R3(config)#no ip route 192.168.0.0 255.255.255.0 192.168.1.1
R3(config)#^Z
R3#                                       

在R2  R3 上分别配置默认路由:

R2

R2#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R2(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1/0    //使用的是下一跳路由接受端口
R2(config)#^Z

 

R3

R3#conf t
Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.
R3(config)#ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 s1/1   //使用的是下一跳路由接受端口
R3(config)#^Z

 

分别查看R2 R3路由表信息：

R2

*Nov  3 23:48:01.957: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
R2#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0

C    192.168.0.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
S*   0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1/0
R2#

 

R3

R3#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
       i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
       ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
       o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is 0.0.0.0 to network 0.0.0.0

C    192.168.1.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/0
C    192.168.2.0/24 is directly connected, Serial1/1
S*   0.0.0.0/0 is directly connected, Serial1/1
R3#

 

R2  ping R3 结果：

R2#ping
Protocol [ip]:
Target IP address: 192.168.1.2
Repeat count [5]:
Datagram size [100]:
Timeout in seconds [2]:
Extended commands [n]: y
Source address or interface: 192.168.0.1
% Invalid source. Must use IP address or full interface name without spaces (e.g. Serial0/1)
Source address or interface:
Type of service [0]:
Set DF bit in IP header? [no]:
Validate reply data? [no]:
Data pattern [0xABCD]:
Loose, Strict, Record, Timestamp, Verbose[none]:
Sweep range of sizes [n]:
Type escape sequence to abort.
Sending 5, 100-byte ICMP Echos to 192.168.1.2, timeout is 2 seconds:
!!!!!
Success rate is 100 percent (5/5), round-trip min/avg/max = 8/16/32 ms
R2#

 

通过以上结果相信大家已经看到，我们在R2  R3 上配置的静态路由已经起来了，并R2  R3可以相互通信，实验是成功的！

 

关于默认路由配置的认识;

配置默认路由命令格式为：

ip route 0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0 下一跳ip地址|端口

 

默认路由配置比较简单，就是当前路由找不知道不知道路怎么走的，都交给下一跳路由去路由

 

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好了实验就到这了，很简单！希望对您有点用，有什么的不对的或需要补充的请指出哦！

  谢谢！