shell脚本自动配置新装服务器相关配置

    每次新装服务器后，总要配置一大堆东西，重复过来，重复过去，我这个人就是不喜欢把时间浪费在相同的事情上面，所以果断写了一个脚本，自动修改主机名，网关，双网卡绑定（包括重置IP地址功能），重启网络，自动配置ntp时间同步服务，自动配置dns服务。由于修改主机名需要重启生效，所以在最后加了重启选项。当所有配置完毕，可以按7完成重启。

    将脚本拷贝到服务器任意路径，赋权chmod +x autocfg.sh，然后./autocfg.sh  执行脚本即可。这个脚本我已经在虚拟机上测试过了，可以达到正确效果，希望可以为以后生产环境的配置带来方便，当然可能会有潜在的bug，由于时间问题，没有考虑太多的捕获异常。只要根据提示操作，是可以正确执行的。

    不罗嗦，直奔主题，献上脚本：

#!/bin/bash
#Initialize server
#write by xiaojing.zhao
#2013.1.5

menu()
{
clear
scriptname="autocfg.sh"
version=1.2.0
date=`date +%F.%T`

cat <<MENULIST
====================================================================================

ScriptName:$scriptname          Version:$version           Date&Time:$date

====================================================================================
This shell script can automatically complete the following configuration:

        1.modify hostname
        2.modify gateway
        3.configure bond0 for eth0 & eth1
        4.restart active network service
        5.configure ntp client
        6.configure dns service
        7.reboot host

====================================================================================

MENULIST

echo -n "Please input your choice [1,2,3,4,5,6,7(anykey),b(back),q(quit),a(all)]:"
read choice
}

hw_eth0=`ifconfig eth0 | grep -i hwaddr | awk '{print $5}'`
hw_eth1=`ifconfig eth1 | grep -i hwaddr | awk '{print $5}'`


####################################################################################
get_ipaddr()
{
        ipaddra=`ifconfig -a | grep inet | grep -v inet6 | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $2}'`
        #nw=`ifconfig -a | grep inet | grep -v inet6 | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $2}' | awk -F : '{print $2}' | awk -F . '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."0}'`
        echo "IPADDR=${ipaddra#*:}" >/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip
        for i in tmpip bond0 eth0 eth1
        do
                ipaddrb=`grep ^IPADDR /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$i 2>/dev/null`
                if [ ! "${ipaddrb#*=}" = "" ]
                then
                        ipaddr=${ipaddrb#*=}
                        break
                        fi
                done
        rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip 2>/dev/null
        if [ "$ipaddr" = "" ]
        then
                echo "This hosts has not a valid ip address"
                while [ "$ipaddr" = "" ]
                do
                        echo -n "Please input the address:"
                        read ipaddr
                done
        else
                echo -n "Please input the address[$ipaddr]:"
                read ipaddr1
                if [ ! "$ipaddr1" = "" ]
                then
                        ipaddr=$ipaddr1
                fi
        fi
        nw=`echo $ipaddr | awk -F . '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."0}'`
        gw=`echo $ipaddr | awk -F . '{print $1"."$2"."$3"."1}'`
}
####################################################################################
get_brcast()
{
        brcasta=`ifconfig -a | grep inet | grep -v inet6 | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $3}'`
        echo "BROADCAST=${brcasta#*:}" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip
        for i in tmpip bond0 eth0 eth1
        do
                brcastb=`grep ^BROADCAST /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$i 2>/dev/null`
                if [ ! "${brcastb#*=}" = "" ]
                then
                        brcast=${brcastb#*=}
                        break
                        fi
                done
        rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip 2>/dev/null
        if [ "$brcast" = "" ]
        then
                echo "This hosts has not a valid broadcast"
                while [ "$brcast" = "" ]
                do
                        echo -n "Please input the brdcast:"
                        read brcast
                done
        else
                echo -n "Please input the brdcast[$brcast]:"
                read brcast1
                if [ ! "$brcast1" = "" ]
                then
                        brcast=$brcast1
                fi
        fi
}
####################################################################################
get_ntmask()
{
       ntmaska=`ifconfig -a | grep inet | grep -v inet6 | grep -v 127.0.0.1 | awk '{print $4}'`
        echo "NETMASK=${ntmaska#*:}" >>/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip
        for i in tmpip bond0 eth0 eth1
        do
                ntmaskb=`grep ^NETMASK /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-$i 2>/dev/null`
                if [ ! "${ntmaskb#*=}" = "" ]
                then
                        ntmask=${ntmaskb#*=}
                        break
                        fi
                done
        rm -f /etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-tmpip 2>/dev/null
        if [ "$ntmask" = "" ]
        then
                echo "This hosts has not a valid ip netmask"
                while [ "$ntmask" = "" ]
                do
                        echo -n "Please input the netmask:"
                        read ntmask
                done
        else
                echo -n "Please input the netmask[$ntmask]:"
                read ntmask1
                if [ ! "$ntmask1" = "" ]
                then
                        ntmask=$ntmask1
                fi
        fi
}
####################################################################################
gateway()
{
echo -n "Do you want to configure GATEWAY?[y|n]"
read myselect
if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
        orifile=/etc/sysconfig/network
        newfile=/root/network
        if ! grep GATEWAY $orifile >/dev/null
        then
                while [ "$gw" = "" ]
                do
                        echo -n "Please input GATEWAY:"
                        read gw
                done
        else
                echo -n "`grep GATEWAY $orifile`,Please input new GATEWAY:"
                read gw
        fi

        if [ ! "$gw" = "" ]
        then
                #sed "/GATEWAY/d"  $orifile | sed "$ a\GATEWAY=$gw" >$newfile
                #the bellow line is better,more fast
                (sed "/GATEWAY/d"  $orifile;echo GATEWAY=$gw) >$newfile
                cp $newfile $orifile

        fi

        echo -e "\nThe new $orifile file's content:\n"
        cat $orifile
        echo
fi
echo
}
####################################################################################
hosts()
{
echo -n "Do you want to configure /etc/hosts file?[y|n]"
read myselect
if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
        get_ipaddr
                cp /etc/hosts /root/hosts.`date +%F-%T`
                                egrep -v '^([0-9]|[0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.([0-9]|[0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.([0-9]|[0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])\.([2-9]|[0-9][0-9]|1[0-9][0-9]|2[0-4][0-9]|25[0-5])' /etc/hosts >/root/hosts.txt
                                mv /root/hosts.txt /etc/hosts
                                echo -n "Please input your hostname[eg:xxxx.aeonlife.com.cn]:"
                                read line_hostname
                hname=`echo $line_hostname | awk -F . '{print $1}'`
                sed "/$ipaddr/d" /etc/hosts | sed "$ a\\$ipaddr        $line_hostname       $hname" >/root/hosts
                cp /root/hosts /etc/hosts
                sed -i "/HOSTNAME/c\HOSTNAME=$line_hostname" /etc/sysconfig/network
        echo -e "\nThe new /etc/hosts file's content:\n"
        cat /etc/hosts
        echo
fi
echo
}
####################################################################################
bond()
{
echo -n "Do you want to configure modprobe.conf for bonding?[y|n]"
read myselect

if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
        echo -e "========== begin to modify /etc/modprobe.conf ===========\n"

        filename=/etc/modprobe.conf
        newfile=/root/modprobe.conf
        #cmdfile=/tmp/change_modprobe.conf.sh

        grep bond0 /etc/modprobe.conf >/dev/null
        if [ $? = 1 ]
        then
                echo -n "Please input the bonding mode,default is 1.[1|0]"
                read bmode
                if [ "$bmode" = "" ];then bmode=1;fi
                cat $filename >$newfile
                echo "alias bond0 bonding" >>$newfile
                echo "options bond0 miimon=100 mode=1" >>$newfile

                mv $filename $filename.`date +%F-%T`
                sed "s/mode=1/mode=$bmode/" $newfile >$filename
                echo "$filename has been modified."
                echo "The original file is bakup to $filename.`date +%F`..."
        else
                echo "This hosts has been using bonding mode,nothing to changed."
                echo "The $filename file's content:"
                cat /etc/modprobe.conf
        fi
        echo
        echo

        orieth0=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth0
        orieth1=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-eth1
        oribond=/etc/sysconfig/network-scripts/ifcfg-bond0
        neweth0=/root/ifcfg-eth0
        neweth1=/root/ifcfg-eth1
        newbond=/root/ifcfg-bond0

        if [ -f $oribond ]
        then
                cp $oribond $newbond.`date +%F-%T`
        fi
        if [[ ! ( ! "$ipaddr" = "" && ! "$brcast" = "" && ! "$netmask" = "" ) ]]
        then
                get_ipaddr
                get_brcast
                get_ntmask
        fi
                echo "DEVICE=bond0" >$oribond
                echo "BOOTPROTO=none" >>$oribond
                echo "ONBOOT=yes" >>$oribond
                echo "IPV6INIT=no" >>$oribond
                echo "TYPE=Ethernet" >>$oribond
                echo "PEERDNS=yes" >>$oribond
                echo "USERCTL=no" >>$oribond
                echo "IPADDR=$ipaddr" >>$oribond
                echo "BROADCAST=$brcast" >>$oribond
                echo "NETMASK=$ntmask" >>$oribond
                echo "GATEWAY=$gw" >>$oribond
                echo "NETWORK=$nw" >>$oribond

        if [ -f $orieth0 ]
        then
                cp $orieth0 $neweth0.`date +%F-%T`
        fi

        if [ -f $orieth1 ]
        then
                cp $orieth1 $neweth1.`date +%F-%T`
        fi

                echo "DEVICE=eth0" >$orieth0
                echo "BOOTPROTO=none" >>$orieth0
                echo "MASTER=bond0" >>$orieth0
                echo "SLAVE=yes" >>$orieth0
                echo "ONBOOT=yes" >>$orieth0
                echo "HWADDR=$hw_eth0" >>$orieth0
                #sed -i '/HWADDR/c\HWADDR='$hw_eth0'' $orieth0
                echo "IPV6INIT=no" >>$orieth0
                echo "TYPE=Ethernet" >>$orieth0
                echo "PEERDNS=yes" >>$orieth0
                echo "USERCTL=no" >>$orieth0


                echo "DEVICE=eth1" >$orieth1
                echo "BOOTPROTO=none" >>$orieth1
                echo "MASTER=bond0" >>$orieth1
                echo "SLAVE=yes" >>$orieth1
                echo "ONBOOT=yes" >>$orieth1
                echo "HWADDR=$hw_eth1" >>$orieth1
                #sed -i '/HWADDR/c\HWADDR='$hw_eth1'' $orieth1
                echo "IPV6INIT=no" >>$orieth1
                echo "TYPE=Ethernet" >>$orieth1
                echo "PEERDNS=yes" >>$orieth1
                echo "USERCTL=no" >>$orieth1



        echo -e "\ncat $oribond"
        cat $oribond
        echo -e "\ncat $orieth0"
        cat $orieth0
        echo -e "\ncat $orieth1"
        cat $orieth1
        echo
fi
echo
}
####################################################################################
ntp()
{
echo -n "Do you want to configure ntp client?[y|n]"
read myselect
if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
        orifile=/var/spool/cron/root
        newfile=/root/root
        if [ -f $orifile ]
        then
                sed "/ntpdate/d" $orifile > $newfile
        else
                touch $orifile
        fi
        if grep ntpdate $orifile > /dev/null
        then
           for i in `sed -n '/ntpdate/p' $orifile | awk '{print $7}'`
           do
                ((num++))
                echo -n "Please input the new ntp server ip-addr. server $num's ip [$i]:"
                #read ntpip[$num]
                read ntpip
                if [ "$ntpip" = "" ]
                then
                        ntpip=$i
                fi
                echo "$num * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate $ntpip" >> $newfile
           done
           unset num
        else
           echo "You can assign max two ntp server's ip!"
           echo
           for ((i=0;i<2;i++))
           do
                echo -n "Please input the new ntp server ip-addr:"
                read ntpip
                if [ ! "$ntpip" = "" ]
                then
                        echo "$i * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate $ntpip" >> $newfile
                fi
           done
        fi
        cp $newfile $orifile
        echo
        echo "The new root's crontab is"
        crontab -l
        /usr/sbin/ntpdate $ntpip
        echo
        echo
fi
echo
}
####################################################################################
dns()
{
echo -n "Do you want to configure dns service?[y|n]"
read myselect
if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
                echo -e "You can assign max two dns server's ip!\n"
                for ((i=0;i<2;i++))
                do
                        echo -n "Please input the new dns server ip-addr:"
                        read dnsip
                        echo "nameserver "$dnsip >> /etc/resolv.conf
                done
fi
echo
}
####################################################################################
autostart()
{
echo -n "Do you want to active network now?[y|n]"
read myselect
if [[ "$myselect" = "y" || "$myselect" = "Y" ]]
then
        unset myselect
        clear
        service network restart >/dev/null 2>&1
        service network restart
fi
echo
}

####################################################################################
for ((j=1;;j++))
do
menu
case "$choice" in
        "1")
                hosts
                ;;
        "2")
                gateway
                ;;
        "3")
                bond
                ;;
        "4")
                autostart
                ;;
        "5")
                ntp
                ;;
        "6")
                dns
                ;;
        "7")    reboot
                ;;
        "8")
                ;;
        "a")
                gateway
                hosts
                bond
                ntp
                dns
                autostart
                exit 0
                ;;
        "b")
                unset choice
                ;;
        "q")
                exit 0
                ;;
esac
if [ ! "$choice" = "" ]
then
        echo "Press any key to return!"
        read
fi
done

由于篇幅问题，只选取部分例子的执行效果：

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最终完成后，可按7完成重启，因为修改主机名需要重启生效。

这是第二个版本，以后还会根据需要陆续往里加内容。希望这个脚本能给更多奋斗在运维岗位的朋友带来帮助。