单臂路由

单臂路由

  目标:通过路由器进行多个VLAN互联
  环境:1. 交换机为二层交换机,支持VLAN划分;2. 路由器只有1个Ethernet接口
  实施:采用单臂路由,即在路由器上设置多个逻辑子接口,每个子接口对应于一个VLAN。由于物理路由接口只有一个,各子接口的数据在物理链路上传递要进行标记封装。Cisco设备支持ISL和802.1q协议。华为设备只支持802.1q。
  单臂路由的配置实例
  2600 IOS需求:IP Plus (c2600-ik8s-mz-122.15.T.bin)
  Current configuration:
  !
  version 12.1
  service timestamps debug uptime
  service timestamps log uptime
  no service password-encryption
  !
  hostname c2600
  !
  no logging console
  enable password mysecret
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  ip subnet-zero
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0
  no ip address
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0.1
  encapsulation isl 1
  ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
  no ip redirects
  !
  !-- If 802.1Q is configured,
  !-- you will instead see the following output
  !-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.1:
  !-- interface FastEthernet0/0.1
  !-- encapsulation dot1Q 1 native
  !-- ip address 10.10.10.1 255.255.255.0
  !
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/0.2
  encapsulation isl 2
  ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
  no ip redirects
  !
  !-- If 802.1Q is configured,
  !-- you will instead see the following output
  !-- under interface FastEthernet0/0.2:
  !-- interface FastEthernet0/0.2
  !-- encapsulation dot1Q 2
  !-- ip address 10.10.11.1 255.255.255.0
  !
  interface FastEthernet0/1
  no ip address
  shutdown
  duplex auto
  speed auto
  !
  ip classless
  no ip http server
  !
  !
  !
  line con 0
  transport input none
  line aux 0
  line vty 0 4
  password mysecret
  login
  !
  no scheduler allocate
  end
  华为路由器单臂路由
  需求:在局域网中,通过交换机上配置VLAN可以减少主机通信广播域的范围,当VLAN之间有部分主机需要通信,但交换机不支持三层交换时,可以采用一台 支持802.1Q的路由器实现VLAN的互通.这需要在以太口上建立子接口,分配IP地址作为该VLAN的网关,同时启动802.1Q.
  组网:路由器E0端口与交换机的上行trunk端口(第24端口)相连,交换机下行口划分3个VLAN,带若干主机.
  1.路由器的配置
  [Router]
  [Router]inter e0
  [Router-Ethernet0]ip add 10.0.0.1 255.255.255.0
  [Router-Ethernet0]inter e0.1 //定义子接口E0.1
  [Router-Ethernet0.1]ip add 172.16.1.1 255.255.255.0
  [Router-Ethernet0.1]vlan-type dot1q vid 1 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN1,此命令应用在以太网子接口上。只有配置了该命令之后,以太网子接口才会根据配置的VLAN ID 号在以太网帧头中嵌入VLAN 标签,与该网口相连的交换机接口才能正确处理接收到的帧。
  [Router-Ethernet0.1]inter e0.2 //定义子接口E0.2
  [Router-Ethernet0.2]ip add 172.16.2.1 255.255.255.0
  [Router-Ethernet0.2]vlan-type dot1q vid 2 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN2
  [Router-Ethernet0.2]inter e0.3 //定义子接口E0.3
  [Router-Ethernet0.3]ip add 172.16.3.1 255.255.255.0
  [Router-Ethernet0.3]vlan-type dot1q vid 3 //指定以太网子接口属于VLAN3
  [Router-Ethernet0.3]inter e0
  [Router-Ethernet0]undo shut
  % Interface Ethernet0 is up
  [Router-Ethernet0] //用网线将E0端口连到S3026第24端口
  %19:46:32: Interface Ethernet0 changed state to UP
  %19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0, changed state to UP
  %19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.1, changed state to UP
  %19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.2, changed state to UP
  %19:46:32: Line protocol ip on interface Ethernet0.3, changed state to UP
  2.交换机的配置
  <Quidway>
  <Quidway>sys
  Enter system view , return user view with Ctrl+Z.
  [Quidway]vlan 1
  [Quidway-vlan1]vlan 2
  [Quidway-vlan2]port ethernet 0/17 to eth 0/19 eth 0/22 //将第17至19端口,和第22端口加入VLAN2
  [Quidway-vlan2]vlan 3
  [Quidway-vlan3]port eth 0/21 //将第21端口加入VLAN2
  [Quidway-vlan3]inter e0/24
  [Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port link-type trunk //将第24端口设为trunk口
  [Quidway-Ethernet0/24]port trunk permit vlan all //允许所有VLAN流量通过
  Please wait........................................... Done.
  [Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis port trunk //检验TRUNK口配置
  Now, the following trunking ports exist:
  Ethernet0/24
  [Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 2 //检验VLAN2的配置
  VLAN ID: 2
  VLAN Type: static
  Route Interface: not configured
  Description: VLAN 0002
  Tagged Ports:
  Ethernet0/24
  Untagged Ports:
  Ethernet0/17 Ethernet0/18 Ethernet0/19 Ethernet0/22
  [Quidway-Ethernet0/24]dis vlan 3 //检验VLAN3的配置
  VLAN ID: 3
  VLAN Type: static
  Route Interface: not configured
  Description: VLAN 0003
  Tagged Ports:
  Ethernet0/24
  Untagged Ports:
  Ethernet0/21
  3.在工作站上检查网络是否连通。此工作站连接S3026第21端口,属于VLAN2。
  C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ipconfig
  windows 2000 IP Configuration
  Ethernet adapter 本地连接:
  Connection-specific DNS Suffix . :
  IP Address. . . . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.22
  Subnet Mask . . . . . . . . . . . : 255.255.255.0
  Default Gateway . . . . . . . . . : 172.16.2.1
  C:\Documents and Settings\Administrator>ping 172.16.3.1
  Pinging 172.16.3.1 with 32 bytes of data:
  Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
  Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
  Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
  Reply from 172.16.3.1: bytes=32 time<10ms TTL=255
  Ping statistics for 172.16.3.1:
  Packets: Sent = 4, Received = 4, Lost = 0 (0% loss),
  Approximate round trip times in milli-seconds:
  Minimum = 0ms, Maximum = 0ms, Average = 0ms
  4.在路由器上查看路由表。可以发现,由于172.16各网段都是直连路由,故不需启用路由协议或静态路由即能实现VLAN之间的通讯。
  [Router]display ip routing-table
  Routing Tables:
  Destination/Mask Proto Pref Metric Nexthop Interface
  10.0.0.0/24 Direct 0 0 10.0.0.1 Ethernet0
  10.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
  127.0.0.0/8 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
  127.0.0.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
  172.16.1.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.1.1 Ethernet0.1
  172.16.1.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
  172.16.2.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.2.1 Ethernet0.2
  172.16.2.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0
  172.16.3.0/24 Direct 0 0 172.16.3.1 Ethernet0.3
  172.16.3.1/32 Direct 0 0 127.0.0.1 LoopBack0

本词条对我有帮助 23
参考资料:
1. [url]http://www.net130.com/2004/6-24/233644.html[/url]
2.实验文档
[我来完善]相关词条:
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静态路由
开放分类:
CCIE, PREVLAN, 单臂, 路由
合作编辑者:
eagleyang007、 同方_萌萌

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