Peace教你用源码搭建Lamp环境

 首先声明该文章有部分片段是从先辈blog中摘录的，也有自己的小小修正~

环境：mysql-5.1.51.tar.gz httpd-2.2.19.tar.bz2 php-5.3.6.tar.bz2

源码包都下载放在/usr/local目录下

数据库数据目录：/data  （当然这些目录需要自己提前创建）

Web目录：/html

1 安装必备的开发包

   #yum -y install ntp vim-enhanced gcc gcc-c++ flex bison autoconf automake bzip2-devel \

   ncurses-devel zlib-devel libjpeg-devel libpng-devel libtiff-devel freetype-devel libXpm-devel \

   gettext-devel  pam-devel libtool libtool-ltdl openssl openssl-devel fontconfig-devel \

   libxml2-devel curl-devel  libicu libicu-devel libmcrypt libmcrypt-devel libmhash libmhash-devel 

2 移除之前安装的http、mysql、php及其相关组件

  #yum remove httpd mysql mysql-server php php-cli php-common php-devel php-gd  -y

3.设置同步时间系统

新装的CentOS系统服务器可能设置了错误的，需要重新调整时区和时间步骤如下

#cp /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime    [ 该语句是把当前时区调整为上海也就是+8     区，详情参看/usr/share/zoneinfo目录 ]

#ntdate us.pool.ntp.org [ 用ntdate同步标准时间，yum install ntpdate -y 可以安装ntpdate ]

#crontab -e

0-59/10 * * * * /usr/sbin/ntpdate us.pool.ntp.org | logger -t NTP [ 加入计划任务每隔10分钟同步一   下时间 ]

4编译安装mysql

cd mysql-5.1.51

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/mysql \

--exec-prefix=/usr/local/mysql \

--with-mysqld-user=mysql \

--with-charset=utf8 \

--with-extra-charsets=all \

--with-innodb \

--with-pthread \

--enable-assembler \

--enable-thread-safe-client \

--with-big-tables \

--with-readline \

--with-ssl \

--with-embedded-server \

--enable-local-infile \

make &&　make install

添加用户

groupadd –g 306 mysql

useradd mysql–g mysql –u 306 –M –s /sbin/nologin

chown –R mysql:mysql /data

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --user=mysql --datadir=/data

chown -R root:mysql /usr/local/mysql/

chown -R mysql /usr/local/mysql

chgrp -R mysql /usr/local/mysql/

cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf

编辑/etc/my.cnf，在[mysqld]加入 datadir = /data

cp /usr/local/mysql/share/mysql/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld

chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld

chkconfig --add mysqld  

chkconfig --level 3 mysqld on 

service mysqld start

测试数据库服务器

/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql -uroot

root用户的默认密码是空

如出现标识符

mysql>

说明MySQL数据库安装成功，并且已经启动了！

为root用户设置密码

mysql>use mysql;

mysql>set password for root@localhost=password("centosmysqla#"); 

mysql>set password for [email protected]=password("centosmysqla#"); 

删除空帐户，查看帐户信息

mysql>delete from mysql.user where user='';

mysql>select user,host,password from mysql.user; 

允许root用户远程登录

mysql>grant all privileges on *.* to root@'%' identified by 'centosmysqla#';

mysql>flush privileges;

mysql>quit

 

参考选项：Mysql 优化，在[mysqld]配置参数下面添加下面几行(大概37行下面),根据服务器不同配置进行不同的设置

max_allowed_packet = 500M  //先找到这行内容，修改成500

innodb_file_per_table

log-bin-trust-function-creators=1

skip-name-resolv//禁用DNS解析

sync-binlog=1

lower_case_table_names=1

max_connections = 1500 (默认100)

log-error=/data/mysql/log/mysql.err.log  //指定错误日志位置

max_heap_table_size = 256M

join_buffer_size = 128M

thread_cache_size = 1200   //线程缓存

thread_concurrency = 4  //设置成cpu数x2，只有一个设置2

thread_stack = 256K  

query_cache_type = 1   //指定是否使用查询缓冲，可以设置为0、1、2，该变量是SESSION级的变量

query_cache_size = 512M  //查询缓冲大小

query_cache_limit = 4M   //单个查询缓冲大小。默认1M

query_cache_min_res_unit = 4k    //指定分配缓冲区空间的最小单位，缺省为4K   tmp_table_size = 256M       

myisam_sort_buffer_size = 64M

back_log = 1024//设定缓存队列数，节省连接开销

long_query_time = 3  

open_files_limit    = 10240

interactive_timeout = 120

wait_timeout = 120

external-locking = FALSE//禁用文件系统外部锁

table_cache = 1024//高速缓存大小，4G内存设置为2048

修改配置文件里下面的参数，去掉前面的#

innodb_buffer_pool_size = 2048M （默认16M，可以为系统内存50%~70%）

innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 256M （默认2M）

innodb_log_file_size = 512M    （默认5M，innodb_buffer_pool_size的四分之一）

innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M  //设置位每秒的数据量

innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 90

innodb_file_io_threads = 4

innodb_thread_concurrency = 16

innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 0

innodb_flush_method=O_DIRECT

innodb_open_files=4096

innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 120

innodb_file_per_table=1

 

:wq //保存退出

service mysqld restart

 

 

5 apache安装

cd ../httpd-2.2.19

cd srclib/apr

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/apr;make;make install

cd ../apr-util

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/apr-util \

--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql;

make;make install

cd ../.. 

mkdir -p /usr/local/apache

./configure \

--prefix=/usr/local/apache \

--enable-mods-shared=all \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

--enable-deflate \

--enable-cache \

--enable-file-cache \

--enable-mem-cache \

--enable-disk-cache \

--with-apr=/usr/local/apr/ \

--with-apr-util=/usr/local/apr-util/ \

--enable-rewrite \

--enable-expires \

--enable-authn-dbm \

--enable-vhost-alias \

--with-mpm=worker \

--with-ssl \

--enable-so \

--enable-ssl \

--enable-track-vars \

--with-z \

--disable-ipv6 \

--enable-dav \

make && make install

 

 

启动apahce

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k start

用浏览器查看http://localhost,得到it works，说明apache已经配置成功了.

停止apache

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl -k stop

设为开机自动启动

cp /usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/httpd

找到：#!/bin/sh

另起一行，增加下面两行：

#chkconfig:35 85 15

#description: Apache HTTP Server.

chkconfig --add httpd

启动httpd服务

service httpd start

更改网站根目录：

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

查找：

DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/htdocs"

改为：

DocumentRoot "/html"

设置管理员邮箱和ServerName：

ServerAdmin [email protected]

ServerName IP:80

建立虚拟主机

在httpd.conf末尾加入以下内容：

<VirtualHost *:80>

    DocumentRoot /html

    ServerName www.example.com

    ErrorLog /var/log/httpd/error.log

    CustomLog /var/log/httpd/access.log combined

    <Directory “/html”>

        Options FollowSymLinks

        AllowOverride None/all

        Order allow,deny

        Allow from all

    </Directory>

</VirtualHost>

设置语言

查找下面关键词并注释掉

AddDefaultCharset

找到以下内容并去掉注释：

Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf

Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf

Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf

service httpd restart 测试

 

6 安装PHP[yum install php-snmp net-snmp net-snmp-libs net-snmp-utils net-snmp-devel libmcrypt mhash libevent]

./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php \

--with-apxs2=/usr/local/apache/bin/apxs \

--with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ \

--with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql \

--with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config \

--enable-zip --enable-sqlite-utf8 --enable-sockets \

--enable-soap --enable-pcntl --enable-mbstring \

--enable-calendar --enable-bcmath \

--enable-exif --with-mhash --with-gd \

--with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir \

--with-libxml-dir --with-curl --with-curlwrappers \

--with-zlib \

--with-gettext=shared --with-xmlrpc=shared \

--with-libxslt \

--with-libxml-dir \

--with-iconv \

--with-snmp

--enable-gd-native-ttf  \

--disable-debug \

--with-mcrypt \

make && make install

# cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php/lib/php.ini   //拷贝配置文件

编辑/usr/local/php/lib/php.ini文件，date.timezone = 'Asia/Shanghai'

将short_open_tag = Off更改为short_open_tag = On

整合apache和php

vi /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf

找到

LoadModule php5_module modules/libphp5.so

去掉注释符

找到

AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz

在下面添加2行：

AddType application/x-httpd-php .php

AddType application/x-httpd-php-source .phps

找到

DirectoryIndex index.html

改成 

DirectoryIndex index.html index.htm index.php

让Apache 支持rewrite

找到下面的字段：

AllowOverride None

修改为：

AllowOverride All

让页面支持gzip

在

LoadModule php5_module        modules/libphp5.so

之后添加：

<IfModule mod_deflate.c>

DeflateCompressionLevel 6

AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html text/plain text/xml application/x-httpd-php

AddOutputFilter DEFLATE css js

</IfModule>

重新启动Apache

service httpd restart

测试

/usr/local/apache/bin/apachectl configtest

显示出

Syntax OK

表示正常

默认网站根目录下建立phpinfo.php文件，输入以下内容

<?php 

  phpinfo(); 

?>' 

用浏览器打开

http://127.0.0.1/phpinfo.php

如果页面上出现了PHP的版权信息及系统配置情况，说明你的PHP编译装配置确。

注意：1.如果访问出现错误，由于Linux自带的安全策略导致的方法如下：

chcon –R –references=/var/www/html /html

setenforce 0

2. httpd restart出�F�e�` Could not reliably determine the server’s fully qualified domain name, using 127.0.0.1 for ServerName 

�@�����}���是�]有在 /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf 中�O定 ServerName 

vi /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

找到 ServerName 可能已�被�]解了，�@�r只要�⒃]解符�拿掉，再取���m��的名�Q即可解�Q！

在默认网站根目录下建立dbtest.php，输入以下内容

<?php 

$link=mysql_connect ('localhost','root','centosmysqla#');

if(!$link) echo "fail"; 

else echo "success"; 

mysql_close(); 

?>

chmod 755 /www/default/dbtest.php

http://127.0.0.1/dbtest.php

如页面显示success说明mysql+php配置正确

 

该博文参看

 

http://blog.chinaunix.net/uid-23914782-id-2609862.html