软件管理yum
2013年3月3日
YUM
一、yum工具的配置文件
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.conf
[main]
cachedir=/var/cache/yum
keepcache=0
debuglevel=2
logfile=/var/log/yum.log
distroverpkg=redhat-release
tolerant=1
exactarch=1
obsoletes=1
gpgcheck=1
plugins=1
bugtracker_url=http://bugs.centos.org/yum5bug
# Note: yum-RHN-plugin doesn't honor this.
metadata_expire=1h
installonly_limit = 5
# PUT YOUR REPOS HERE OR IN separate files named file.repo
# in /etc/yum.repos.d
[root@desktop7 rpm]#
二、yum下载源定义文件
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/
bak/ dvd.repo
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/dvd.repo
[media]
name=CentOS Media
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.254/pub/centos5.8/
gpgcheck=0
enabled=1
gpgkey=file:///etc/pki/rpm-gpg/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-5
[root@desktop7 rpm]#
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
cat: /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/: Is a directory
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/
CentOS-Base.repo CentOS-Vault.repo rpmforge-testing.repo
CentOS-Debuginfo.repo ftplianjie.repo
CentOS-Media.repo rpmforge.repo
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo
[fengzhao001]
name=fengzhao
baseurl=ftp://192.168.0.254/pub/centos5.8/CentOS/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=0
[root@desktop7 rpm]# rm -rf /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo
[root@desktop7 rpm]# cat /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo
cat: /etc/yum.repos.d/bak/ftplianjie.repo: No such file or directory
[root@desktop7 rpm]#
三、清除YUM缓存
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum clean all
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Cleaning up Everything
Cleaning up list of fastest mirrors
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#
四、操作软件包
1、列出软件包
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum list |more
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Installed Packages
GConf2.i386 2.14.0-9.el5 installed
GConf2.x86_64 2.14.0-9.el5 installed
GConf2-devel.x86_64 2.14.0-9.el5 installed
ImageMagick.i386 6.2.8.0-12.el5 installed
ImageMagick.x86_64 6.2.8.0-12.el5 installed
MAKEDEV.x86_64 3.23-1.2 installed
NetworkManager.i386 1:0.7.0-13.el5 installed
NetworkManager.x86_64 1:0.7.0-13.el5 installed
NetworkManager-glib.i386 1:0.7.0-13.el5 installed
NetworkManager-glib.x86_64 1:0.7.0-13.el5 installed
NetworkManager-gnome.x86_64 1:0.7.0-13.el5 installed
ORBit2.i386 2.14.3-5.el5 installed
ORBit2.x86_64 2.14.3-5.el5 installed
ORBit2-devel.x86_64 2.14.3-5.el5 installed
OpenIPMI.x86_64 2.0.16-12.el5 installed
OpenIPMI-libs.x86_64 2.0.16-12.el5 installed
PyQt.x86_64 3.16-4 installed
PyXML.x86_64 0.8.4-6.el5 installed
SDL.x86_64 1.2.10-9.el5 installed
SDL_gfx.x86_64 2.0.24-1.el5.rf installed
SysVinit.x86_64 2.86-17.el5 installed
Virtualization-en-US.noarch 5.8-1.el5.centos installed
Xaw3d.x86_64 1.5E-10.1 installed
a2ps.x86_64 4.13b-57.2.el5 installed
--More--
2、列出软件包群组
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum grouplist
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Setting up Group Process
Determining fastest mirrors
media | 1.3 kB 00:00
media/primary | 1.2 MB 00:00
media/group | 1.1 MB 00:00
Installed Groups:
Administration Tools
Dialup Networking Support
Editors
GNOME Desktop Environment
Graphical Internet
Graphics
KVM
Legacy Network Server
Mail Server
Network Servers
Office/Productivity
Printing Support
Server Configuration Tools
Sound and Video
System Tools
Text-based Internet
Web Server
X Window System
Available Groups:
Authoring and Publishing
Base
Cluster Storage
Clustering
DNS Name Server
Development Libraries
Development Tools
Eclipse
Engineering and Scientific
FTP Server
GNOME Software Development
Games and Entertainment
Java Development
KDE (K Desktop Environment)
KDE Software Development
Legacy Software Development
Legacy Software Support
MySQL Database
News Server
OpenFabrics Enterprise Distribution
PostgreSQL Database
Windows File Server
X Software Development
Xen
Done
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#
3、安装已下载的软件包
[root@desktop7 ~]# yum install quagga.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Install Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 set to be updated
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Installing:
quagga x86_64 0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 media 1.1 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Install 1 Package(s)
Upgrade 0 Package(s)
Total download size: 1.1 M
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
quagga-0.98.6-5.el5_5.2.x86_64.rpm | 1.1 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : quagga 1/1
Installed:
quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2
Complete!
[root@desktop7 ~]#
4安装已下载的软件组包
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum groupinstall News Server
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Setting up Group Process
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
Warning: Group News does not exist.
Warning: Group Server does not exist.
No packages in any requested group available to install or update
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#
5、查找信息
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]# yum info media
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Loading mirror speeds from cached hostfile
media 3595/3595
Error: No matching Packages to list
[root@desktop7 yum.repos.d]#
6、移除软件包
[root@desktop7 ~]# yum remove quagga.x86_64
Loaded plugins: fastestmirror, security
Setting up Remove Process
Resolving Dependencies
--> Running transaction check
---> Package quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 set to be erased
--> Finished Dependency Resolution
Dependencies Resolved
================================================================================
Package Arch Version Repository Size
================================================================================
Removing:
quagga x86_64 0.98.6-5.el5_5.2 installed 4.0 M
Transaction Summary
================================================================================
Remove 1 Package(s)
Reinstall 0 Package(s)
Downgrade 0 Package(s)
Is this ok [y/N]: y
Downloading Packages:
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Erasing : quagga 1/1
Removed:
quagga.x86_64 0:0.98.6-5.el5_5.2
Complete!
[root@desktop7 ~]#