PHP 5.1 编译

 　　安装步骤：

　　（系统要求：Linux 2.6+ 内核，本文中的Linux操作系统为CentOS 5.1，另在RedHat AS4上也安装成功）

一、获取相关开源程序：
　　1、【适用CentOS操作系统】利用CentOS Linux系统自带的yum命令安装、升级所需的程序库（RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包，进行安装）：

sudo -s
LANG=C
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel
　　2、【适用RedHat操作系统】RedHat等其他Linux发行版可从安装光盘中找到这些程序库的RPM包（事先可通过类似“rpm -qa | grep libjpeg”的命令查看所需的RPM包是否存在，通常是“xxx-devel”不存在，需要安装）。RedHat可以直接利用CentOS的RPM包安装，以下是RPM包下载网址：
　　①、RedHat AS4 & CentOS 4
　　http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/i386/CentOS/RPMS/
　　http://mirror.be10.com/centos/4/os/x86_64/CentOS/RPMS/

　　②、RedHat AS5 & CentOS 5
　　http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/i386/CentOS/
　　http://mirror.be10.com/centos/5/os/x86_64/CentOS/

　　③、RPM包搜索网站
　　http://rpm.pbone.net/
　　http://www.rpmfind.net/

　　④、RedHat AS4 系统环境，通常情况下缺少的支持包安装：
　　Ⅰ、i386 系统

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.i386.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.i386.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/i386/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm
rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.i386.rpm
　　Ⅱ、x86_64 系统

wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libjpeg-devel-6b-33.x86_64.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh freetype-devel-2.1.9-1.x86_64.rpm
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/rpm/x86_64/libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh libpng-devel-1.2.7-1.x86_64.rpm
　　3、【适用CentOS、RedHat及其它Linux操作系统】下载程序源码包：
　　本文中提到的所有开源软件为截止到2009年1月15日的最新稳定版。
　　①、从软件的官方网站下载：

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.7.30.tar.gz
wget http://www.php.net/get/php-5.2.8.tar.gz/from/this/mirror
wget http://php-fpm.anight.org/downloads/head/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.1/mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz/from/http://mirrors.24-7-solutions.net/pub/mysql/
wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
wget “http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz?modtime=1171868460&big_mirror=0″
wget “http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz?modtime=1194463373&big_mirror=0″
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.4.tgz
wget “http://downloads.sourceforge.net/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz?modtime=1175740843&big_mirror=0″
wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/0.9.5.3/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://pecl.php.net/get/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
　　②、从blog.s135.com下载（比较稳定，只允许在本站，或者在Linux/Unix下通过Wget、Curl等命令下载以下软件）：

mkdir -p /data0/software
cd /data0/software
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/nginx/nginx-0.7.30.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/php/php-5.2.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/phpfpm/php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mysql/mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/libiconv/libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mcrypt/mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/memcache/memcache-2.2.4.tgz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/mhash/mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pcre/pcre-7.8.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/eaccelerator/eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/nginx_php/pdo/PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz

=====================================================
二、安装PHP 5.2.8（FastCGI模式）

1、编译安装PHP 5.2.8所需的支持库：

tar zxvf libiconv-1.12.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.12/
./configure -prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gz
cd libmcrypt-2.5.8/
./configure
make
make install
/sbin/ldconfig
cd libltdl/
./configure -enable-ltdl-install
make
make install
cd ../../

tar zxvf mhash-0.9.9.tar.gz
cd mhash-0.9.9/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1

tar zxvf mcrypt-2.6.7.tar.gz
cd mcrypt-2.6.7/
/sbin/ldconfig
./configure
make
make install
cd ../



2、编译安装MySQL 5.1.30

/usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
/usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/mysql
tar zxvf mysql-5.1.30.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.30/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-ssl --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile --with-innodb
make && make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql
cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf
cd ../


@@编译Mysql时configure: error: No curses/termcap library found 的错误解决方法

@@安装 ncurses、ncurses-devel




　　附：以下为附加步骤，如果你想在这台服务器上运行MySQL数据库，则执行以下两步。如果你只是希望让PHP支持MySQL扩展库，能够连接其他服务器上的MySQL数据库，那么，以下两步无需执行。
　　①、以mysql用户帐号的身份建立数据表：

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/data --user=mysql
------------------------------------------------------
To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy
support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system

PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER !
To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands:

/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h vm.tanpao.com password 'new-password'

Alternatively you can run:
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation

which will also give you the option of removing the test
databases and anonymous user created by default.  This is
strongly recommended for production servers.

See the manual for more instructions.

You can start the MySQL daemon with:
cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql ; /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe &

You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl
cd /usr/local/webserver/mysql/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl
------------------------------------------------------

附件：让Mysql自动启动
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/
chmod 755 /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql.server
chkconfig --level 345 mysql.server on 
　　②、启动MySQL（最后的&表示在后台运行）
修改/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf中的 
--skip-federated 
变为： 
#--skip-federated

/bin/sh /usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/my.cnf &

	③、如果第一次使用，添加root密码的时候，用以下命令：
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password'
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h vm.tanpao.com password 'new-password'
第二个命令如果提示无法连接到 vm.tanpao.com (主机名)的错误，通过netstat -ntl 发现的确打开了3306 端
口，故此，是因为/etc/hosts下的配置错了，把vm.tanpao.com指向主机的IP地址就行了。
 






3、编译安装PHP（FastCGI模式）

tar zxvf php-5.2.8.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.8-fpm-0.5.10.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.8 -p1
cd php-5.2.8/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-mysqli=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
 
@@
如果configure的时候出错error: XML configuration could not be found，则
yum -y install libxml2 libxml2-devel

如果configure: error: Can't find OpenSSL's evp.h ，则
1 确认安装了openssl openssl-devel ,如果还出错，则2、3：
   2修改路径为 /usr/sbin 或者 /usr/include/openssl
   3 去掉路径 直接 --with-openssl


如果checking for cURL in default path... not found
configure: error: Please reinstall the libcurl distribution -
easy.h should be in /include/curl/ ，则

# yum -y install curl-devel

@@





　4、编译安装PHP5扩展模块

tar zxvf memcache-2.2.4.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.4/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.5.3.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.5.3/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure -enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ../






　5、修改php.ini文件
　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = “./”
　　修改为extension_dir = “/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”
　　并在此行后增加以下几行，然后保存：
　　extension = “memcache.so”
　　extension = “pdo_mysql.so”

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改为output_buffering = On

　　自动修改：若嫌手工修改麻烦，可执行以下shell命令，自动完成对php.ini文件的修改：

sed -i ’s#extension_dir = “./”#extension_dir = “/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/”nextension = “memcache.so”nextension = “pdo_mysql.so”n#’ /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i ’s#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#’ /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
　　6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：

mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
　　按shift+g键跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：

引用
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="128"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="300"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="120"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
　　修改配置文件：

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
　　输入以下内容：

引用
kernel.shmmax = 134217728
　　然后执行以下命令使配置生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p






7、创建www用户和组，以及供blog.s135.com和www.s135.com两个虚拟主机使用的目录：

/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www
　　8、创建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是为PHP打的一个FastCGI管理补丁，可以平滑变更php.ini配置而无需重启php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目录中创建php-fpm.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
　　输入以下内容（如果您安装 Nginx + PHP 用于程序调试，请将以下的<value name=”display_errors”>0</value>改为<value name=”display_errors”>1</value>，以便显示PHP错误信息，否则，Nginx 会报状态为500的空白错误页）：

 

<?xml version="1.0" ?>   
<configuration>   
   
  All relative paths in this config are relative to php’s install prefix    
   
  <section name="global_options">   
   
    Pid file    
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>   
   
    Error log file    
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>   
   
    Log level    
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>   
   
    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS …    
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>   
   
    … in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.    
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator’s shared memory.    
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>   
   
    Time limit on waiting child’s reaction on signals from master    
    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>   
   
    Set to ’no’ to debug fpm    
    <value name="daemonize">yes</value>   
   
  </section>   
   
  <workers>   
   
    <section name="pool">   
   
      Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.    
      <value name="name">default</value>   
   
      Address to accept fastcgi requests on.    
      Valid syntax is ’ip.ad.re.ss:port’ or just ’port’ or ’/path/to/unix/socket’    
      <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>   
   
      <value name="listen_options">   
   
        Set listen(2) backlog    
        <value name="backlog">-1</value>   
   
        Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.    
        In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.    
        Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.    
        <value name="owner"></value>   
        <value name="group"></value>   
        <value name="mode">0666</value>   
      </value>   
   
      Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.    
      <value name="php_defines">   
        <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>   
        <value name="display_errors">1</value>   
      </value>   
   
      Unix user of processes    
        <value name="user">www</value>   
   
      Unix group of processes    
        <value name="group">www</value>   
   
      Process manager settings    
      <value name="pm">   
   
        Sets style of controling worker process count.    
        Valid values are ’static’ and ’apache-like’    
        <value name="style">static</value>   
   
        Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.    
        Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.    
        Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi    
        Used with any pm_style.    
        <value name="max_children">128</value>   
   
        Settings group for ’apache-like’ pm style    
        <value name="apache_like">   
   
          Sets the number of server processes created on startup.    
          Used only when ’apache-like’ pm_style is selected    
          <value name="StartServers">20</value>   
   
          Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.    
          Used only when ’apache-like’ pm_style is selected    
          <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>   
   
          Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.    
          Used only when ’apache-like’ pm_style is selected    
          <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>   
   
        </value>   
   
      </value>   
   
      The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated    
      Should be used when ’max_execution_time’ ini option does not stop script execution for some reason    
      ’0s’ means ’off’    
      <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>   
   
      The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file    
      ’0s’ means ’off’    
      <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>   
   
      The log file for slow requests    
      <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>   
   
      Set open file desc rlimit    
      <value name="rlimit_files">51200</value>   
   
      Set max core size rlimit    
      <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>   
   
      Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path    
      <value name="chroot"></value>   
   
      Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path    
      <value name="chdir"></value>   
   
      Redirect workers’ stdout and stderr into main error log.    
      If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs    
      <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>   
   
      How much requests each process should execute before respawn.    
      Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.    
      For endless request processing please specify 0    
      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS    
      <value name="max_requests">500</value>   
   
      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.    
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)    
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.    
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>   
   
      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH    
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment    
      <value name="environment">   
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>   
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>   
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>   
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>   
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>   
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>   
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>   
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>   
      </value>   
   
    </section>   
   
  </workers>   
   
</configuration>   








　　9、启动php-cgi进程，监听127.0.0.1的9000端口，进程数为200（如果服务器内存小于3GB，可以只开启64个进程），用户为www：

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
　　注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm还有其他参数，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini后不重启php-cgi，重新加载配置文件使用reload。



===============================================================

 　三、安装Nginx 0.7.30
　　1、安装Nginx所需的pcre库：

tar zxvf pcre-7.8.tar.gz
cd pcre-7.8/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../
　　2、安装Nginx

tar zxvf nginx-0.7.30.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.7.30/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../


　　3、创建Nginx日志目录

mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs
　　4、创建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建nginx.conf文件：

rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
　　输入以下内容：


　　②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目录中创建fcgi.conf文件：

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
　　输入以下内容：

引用
fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with –enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;


5、启动Nginx

ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx
 

　四、配置开机自动启动Nginx + PHP

vi /etc/rc.local
　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用
ulimit -SHn 51200
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx


　　五、优化Linux内核参数

vi /etc/sysctl.conf
　　在末尾增加以下内容：

引用
net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 300
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 5000    65000
　　使配置立即生效：

/sbin/sysctl -p
 

　　六、在不停止Nginx服务的情况下平滑变更Nginx配置
　　1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件后，请执行以下命令检查配置文件是否正确：

/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
　　如果屏幕显示以下两行信息，说明配置文件正确：
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　2、这时，输入以下命令查看Nginx主进程号：

ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk '{print $2}'
　　屏幕显示的即为Nginx主进程号，例如：
　　6302
　　这时，执行以下命令即可使修改过的Nginx配置文件生效：

kill -HUP 6302
　　或者无需这么麻烦，找到Nginx的Pid文件：

kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`
 


--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
　　七、编写每天定时切割Nginx日志的脚本
　　1、创建脚本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
　　输入以下内容：

引用
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path
logs_path=”/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/”

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y”)/$(date -d “yesterday” +”%m”)/access_$(date -d “yesterday” +”%Y%m%d”).log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`

　　2、设置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx访问日志

crontab -e
　　输入以下内容：

引用
00 00 * * * /bin/bash  /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh