Struts2.0深入学习 Strust2与Servlet API,Action多方法调用,result标签的type的类型

Struts2深入探索:
    1,package中的abstract="true"表示该package里面不能包函action元素
   
    2,package中若指定namespace="/mynamespace"则:
        <!--
            包的namespace要以"/"开头,对应的页面的路径前面也加上/mymengya/ActionName.action
            如:<s:form action="/mymengya/register.action" method="post" theme="simple">
         -->
        <package name="mengya" extends="struts-default" namespace="/mymengya">
           
            <action name="register"
                class="com.mengya.action.RegisterAction">
                <result name="success">/show.jsp</result>
                <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                <result name="invalid.token">/index.jsp</result>
                <interceptor-ref name="token"></interceptor-ref>
                <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
               
            </action>
           
        </package>
        在页面form的action中也要加上/mynamespase并且还要加上后缀action(不管是不是用的struts标签)
       
    3,模型驱动
        /**
         * 模型Bean
         * @author 张明学
         *
         */
        public class RegisterBean {
            private String username;
       
            private String password;
       
            public String getPassword() {
                return password;
            }
       
            public void setPassword(String password) {
                this.password = password;
            }
       
            public String getUsername() {
                return username;
            }
       
            public void setUsername(String username) {
                this.username = username;
            }
       
        }
        Action则要接实com.opensymphony.xwork2.ModelDriven接口:
        public class RegisterAction extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven {
   
            /**
             * 模型驱动,该模型Bean必须实例化
             */
            private RegisterBean loginBean = new RegisterBean();
       
            public Object getModel() {
                return loginBean;
            }
       
            @Override
            public String execute() throws Exception {
       
                return SUCCESS;
            }
       
        }
        对应页面则可以直接用模型Bean的属性
        如:<tr>
            <td>
                用户名:   
                <s:textfield name="username"></s:textfield>
                <%-- 将form的theme="simple"就可以自由布局了,对于fielderror加上name属性就可以显示这个属生的错误信息 --%>
                <s:fielderror name="username"></s:fielderror>
            </td>
           </tr>
           <tr>
                <td>
                    密码:
                    <s:password name="password"></s:password>
                    <s:fielderror name="password"></s:fielderror>
                </td>
           </tr>
          
          <s:property value="username"/>
            <s:property value="password"/>
           
      5,表单重复提交:
          一,在form里面加上<s:token id="register"></s:token>标签
          二,在Action里加上<interceptor-ref name="token"></interceptor-ref>拦截器
              默认拦截器:<interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
          三:原理:
              当页面第一次生成的时候<s:token id="register"></s:token>会生成一个隐藏表单域其中包涵一个值,该值也同样被存放到session当中去了
              当页面第一次提交的时候token拦截器会比较这两个值是否相同,相同则第一次提交,第一次提交后会把session这个值清空,表单若再一次提交时则
              session当中没有值即两个值不相同提交失败,返回的resut的name为:invalid.token 即:<result name="invalid.token">/index.jsp</result>
              <s:form action="/mymengya/register.action" method="post" theme="simple">
            <s:token id="register"></s:token>
            <table width="50%">
                <tr>
                    <td>
                        用户名:   
                        <s:textfield name="username"></s:textfield>
                        <s:fielderror name="username"></s:fielderror>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                        密码:
                        <s:password name="password"></s:password>
                        <s:fielderror name="password"></s:fielderror>
                    </td>
                </tr>
                <tr>
                    <td>
                        <s:submit value="注册"></s:submit>
                    </td>
               
                </tr>
            </table>
            </s:form>
           
            <package name="mengya" extends="struts-default" namespace="/mymengya">
       
                <action name="register"
                    class="com.mengya.action.RegisterAction">
                    <result name="success">/show.jsp</result>
                    <result name="input">/index.jsp</result>
                    <result name="invalid.token">/index.jsp</result>
                    <interceptor-ref name="token"></interceptor-ref>
                    <interceptor-ref name="defaultStack"></interceptor-ref>
                   
                </action>
               
            </package>
           
            修改Struts2默认的重复提交的错误提示信息:
            在Struts2国际化属性文件中添加一条信息:
            struts.messages.invalid.token = \u8868\u5355\u4e0d\u5141\u8bb8\u91cd\u590d\u63d0\u4ea4
            struts.messages.invalid.token = 不能重复提交
   
    6,Strust2与Servlet API
        第一种方式:使用ActionContext


Java代码 
/**  
             * ActionContext类降低了与servlet API的耦合(获得不了response)  
             */  
            // 实例化,用ActionContext的getContext()静态方法   
           ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();   
            // 与request.setAttribute("mengya", "xiaobo")类似   
           actionContext.put("mengya", "xiaobo");   
            // request.getAttribute("mengya")类似   
          actionContext.get("mengya");   
            // 相当于ServletContext   
            // Returns a Map of the ServletContext when in a servlet environment or   
            // a generic application level Map otherwise   
            actionContext.getApplication();        
            // 相当于HttpServletSession   
            Map session = actionContext.getSession();   
           // 相当于request.getParameterMap();   
           Map parametersMap = actionContext.getParameters(); 
/**
             * ActionContext类降低了与servlet API的耦合(获得不了response)
             */
            // 实例化,用ActionContext的getContext()静态方法
            ActionContext actionContext = ActionContext.getContext();
            // 与request.setAttribute("mengya", "xiaobo")类似
            actionContext.put("mengya", "xiaobo");
            // request.getAttribute("mengya")类似
            actionContext.get("mengya");
            // 相当于ServletContext
            // Returns a Map of the ServletContext when in a servlet environment or
            // a generic application level Map otherwise
            actionContext.getApplication();
  
            // 相当于HttpServletSession
            Map session = actionContext.getSession();
            // 相当于request.getParameterMap();
            Map parametersMap = actionContext.getParameters(); 
           
         
        第二种方式:让Action实现ServletRequestAware或ServletResponseAware接口
            /**
             * 获得HttpServletRequest 实现ServletRequestAware接口
             *
             * @author 张明学
             *
             */
            public class RegisterAction2 extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven,
                    ServletRequestAware {
                private HttpServletRequest request;
               
                private RegisterBean loginBean = new RegisterBean();
           
                public Object getModel() {
                    return loginBean;
                }
           
                @Override
                public String execute() throws Exception {
                    request.setAttribute("mengya", "xiaobo");
                    request.getAttribute("mengya");
                    return SUCCESS;
                }
           
                public void setServletRequest(HttpServletRequest arg0) {
                    request = arg0;
                }
           
            }
           
            /**
             * 获得HttpServletResponse 实现ServletResponseAware接口
             *
             * @author 张明学
             *
             */
            public class RegisterAction3 extends ActionSupport implements ModelDriven,
                    ServletResponseAware {
           
                private HttpServletResponse response;
           
                private RegisterBean loginBean = new RegisterBean();
           
                public Object getModel() {
                    return loginBean;
                }
           
                @Override
                public String execute() throws Exception {
                    Cookie cookie = new Cookie("username", this.loginBean.getUsername());
                    response.addCookie(cookie);
                    return SUCCESS;
                }
           
                public void setServletResponse(HttpServletResponse arg0) {
                    this.response = arg0;
                }
           
            }
           
        第三种方式:ServletActionContext
            /**
             * ServletActionContext真接获得HttpServletRequest和HttpServletResponse
             */
            HttpServletRequest reqeust = ServletActionContext.getRequest();
            HttpSession httpsession = reqeust.getSession();
            HttpServletResponse response = ServletActionContext.getResponse();   
           
    7,Action多方法调用
        方式一:
            在struts.xml中的action标签中添加method值如:
       
            <!-- 没有method属性值则这是MyTestAction默认的调用方法即execute方法将被调用 -->
            <action name="myTest" class="com.mengya.action.MyTestAction">
                <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
            </action>
           
            <!-- method属性值为text1则这是MyTestAction调用方法即text1方法将被调用 -->
            <action name="text1" class="com.mengya.action.MyTestAction" method="text1">
                <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
            </action>       
       
        方式二:
            在struts.xml中的action标签不改
            <action name="myTest" class="com.mengya.action.MyTestAction">
                <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
            </action>
            页面修改:
            <a href="myTest.action">Action默认的方法</a><br>
              <a href="myTest!text1.action">Action的text1方法</a><br>
              <a href="myTest!text2.action">Action的text2方法</a>
             
        方式三:通配符(个人不推荐使用)
            struts.xml的配置:
            <action name="*myTest" class="com.mengya.action.MyTestAction" method={1}>
                <result name="success">/index.jsp</result>
            </action>                      
            页面:
            <a href="myTest.action">Action默认的方法</a><br>
              <a href="text1myTest.action">Action的text1方法</a><br>
              <a href="text2myTest.action">Action的text2方法</a>
                   
      8,result标签的type的类型
          在struts2-core-2.1.6.jar中的struts-default.xml中:
          <result-types>
              <!-- Action链 -->
            <result-type name="chain" class="com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionChainResult"/>
           
            <!-- 默认的type类型,请求转发 request.getRequestDispatcher(url).forward(request, response)-->
           
            <result-type name="dispatcher" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletDispatcherResult" default="true"/>
            <result-type name="freemarker" class="org.apache.struts2.views.freemarker.FreemarkerResult"/>
            <result-type name="httpheader" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.HttpHeaderResult"/>
           
            <!-- 重定向response.sendRedirect(url); -->
           
            <result-type name="redirect" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletRedirectResult"/>
           
            <!-- 重定向到另一个Action -->
            <result-type name="redirectAction" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.ServletActionRedirectResult"/>
           
            <!-- 文件下载 -->
            <result-type name="stream" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.StreamResult"/>
            <result-type name="velocity" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.VelocityResult"/>
            <result-type name="xslt" class="org.apache.struts2.views.xslt.XSLTResult"/>
            <result-type name="plainText" class="org.apache.struts2.dispatcher.PlainTextResult" />
        </result-types>
 

你可能感兴趣的:(api,Strust2与Servlet)