linux web + keepalived 应用

Linux中的Keepalived功能

一、Keepalived 最初设计,就是为ipvs提供高可用功能

           ipvs --> HA

           ipvs: --> VIP

   1VRRP: Virtual Routing Redundent Protocol

       虚拟路由冗余协议,主要实现地址漂移

备份组中:有一个主,master,多个从, slave

       master:

      选举协议:

       一主多从:

       备份组:

                   master, slave

   2VRRP优点

       冗余:可以使用多个路由器设备作为LAN客户端的默认网关,大大降低了默认网关成为单点故障的可能性;

       负载共享:允许来自LAN客户端的流量由多个路由器设备所共享;

       多VRRP组:在一个路由器物理接口上可配置多达255VRRP组;

       多IP地址:基于接口别名在同一个物理接口上配置多个IP地址,从而支持在同一个物理接口上接入多个子网;

       抢占:在master故障时允许优先级更高的backup成为master

       通告协议:使用IANA所指定的组播地址224.0.0.18进行VRRP通告;

       VRRP追踪:基于接口状态来改变其VRRP优先级来确定最佳的VRRP路由器成为master

   3VRRP监视功能:

   监视指定接口功能

   监视Trank项功能

二、Keepalived的工作原理:

IPVRRP漂移

Lvs:转移lvs规则

Health check:健康检查

三、Keepalived的配置与安装

1、时间同步:

hwclock -s  跟主机同步

ntpdate 172.16.0.1  跟服务器同步

2、安装keepalived服务

启用

--enable-vrrp

禁用

--enable-snmp

3、下载rpm包并安装

先安装yum

wget ftp://172.16.0.1/pub/gls/server.repo -O /etc/yum.repos.d/server.repo

然后下载并安装keepalived

yum --nogpgcheck localinstall keepalived-1.2.7-5.el5.i386.rpm

查看生成文件

rpm -ql keepalived

4、复制

复制安装包

scp keepalived-1.2.7-5.el5.i386.rpm node2:/root/

安装

yum --nogpgcheck localinstall keepalived-1.2.7-5.el5.i386.rpm

5、查看配置文件

ls /etc/keepalived/

vrrp_instance: 定义虚拟路由

virtual_ipaddress:定义虚拟地址

virtual_server 192.168.200.100 443:定义集群服务

6、再次准备两台主机,并配置IP在同一网段

7、验证HTTPD服务,并开启

Netstat -tnlp

Service httpd start

验证网页

8、编写RealServer脚本

#!/bin/bash
#
# Script to start LVS DR real server.
# description: LVS DR real server
#
.  /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
VIP=192.168.0.219
host=`/bin/hostname`
case"$1"in
start)
# Start LVS-DR real server on thismachine.
/sbin/ifconfig lo down
/sbin/ifconfig lo up
echo 1> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 2> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo 1> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 2> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0$VIP broadcast $VIP netmask 255.255.255.255up
/sbin/route add -host $VIP dev lo:0
;;
stop)
# Stop LVS-DR real server loopback device(s).
/sbin/ifconfig lo:0down
echo 0> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_ignore
echo 0> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/lo/arp_announce
echo 0> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_ignore
echo 0> /proc/sys/net/ipv4/conf/all/arp_announce
;;
status)
# Status of LVS-DR real server.
islothere=`/sbin/ifconfig lo:0| grep $VIP`
isrothere=`netstat -rn | grep "lo:0"| grep $VIP`
if[ ! "$islothere"-o ! "isrothere"];then
# Either the route or the lo:0device
# not found.
echo "LVS-DR real server Stopped."
else
echo "LVS-DR real server Running."
fi
;;
*)
# Invalid entry.
echo "$0: Usage: $0 {start|status|stop}"
exit 1
;;
esac


执行一次

./startrs.sh start

验证


把脚本复制给另一台主机

scp startrs.sh 172.16.33.12:/root/

执行一次

./startrs.sh start

9、配置keepalived

复制一份做备份

cp keepalived.conf keepalived.conf.back

编辑 keepalived.conf

复制一份给node2

   scp keepalived.conf  node2:/etc/keepalived/

编辑 keepalived.conf

10、启动keepalived

Service keepalived start

查看地址

Ip addr show

11、安装ipvsadm

Yum -y install ipvsadm

重启keepalived服务器

service keepalived restart

验证成功

curl -I 172.16.33.12

四、使keepalived 支持web 服务

关闭keepalived

安装web服务器

web提供页面

启动web服务

复制keepalived.conf.haproxy_examplekeepalived.conf

   cp keepalived.conf.haproxy_example  keepalived.conf

编辑keepalived.conf

复制到node2

scp keepalived.conf notify.sh  node2:/etc/keepalived/

修改keepalived.conf

把优先级改小,主改从

启动服务

Ifconfig



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