linux下ISO的定制实现

工作中经常遇到新的硬件老版本的iso不识别，经常是需要安装的时候放进去驱动加载。但是使用批量装机的时候总不能一台台做吧，这里就说说怎么把驱动打进iso中，其实很简单。

实现目的：1.安装过程中加入elinks包，dell raid卡驱动程序

1.准备工作

2.创建key

3.编译库

4.更改initrd

1.准备工作

#准备工作目录

mkdir -p /var/www/ubuntu

mkdir -p /var/www/build

#copy安装光盘中dists和pool

cp ~/ubuntu*/dists .

cp ~/ubuntu*/pool .

2.创建key

#创建key

gpg --gen-key

#如果提示Not enough random bytes available.安装rng-toolslinux

apt-get install rng-tools

rngd -r /dev/urandom  -o /dev/random  -f -t 1  执行几秒钟 应该随机数就有四位数了

还不够的话狂敲键盘

#显示key

gpg --list-key

pub   2048R/3104C4E1 2012-08-10

uid                  cheyongsheng (yunrang) <[email protected]>

sub   2048R/D36C1F68 2012-08-10

apt-get install fakeroot

apt-get source ubuntu-keyring

#导入ubuntu 官方key

cd /var/www/build/pool/u/ubuntu-keyring-*/keyrings

gpg --import < ubuntu-archive-keying.gpg

#导入进来了

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# gpg --list-key

/home/yongshengche/.gnupg/pubring.gpg

-------------------------------------

pub   1024R/DD71C28D 2012-08-10

uid                  cheyongsheng (yunrang) <[email protected]>

sub   1024R/1BC33117 2012-08-10

pub   2048R/3104C4E1 2012-08-10

uid                  cheyongsheng (yunrang) <[email protected]>

sub   2048R/D36C1F68 2012-08-10

pub   1024D/437D05B5 2004-09-12

uid                  Ubuntu Archive Automatic Signing Key <[email protected]>

sub   2048g/79164387 2004-09-12

pub   1024D/FBB75451 2004-12-30

uid                  Ubuntu CD Image Automatic Signing Key <[email protected]>

#将两个key导入ubuntu-archive-keying.gpg文件中

gpg --export 437D05B5 FBB75451 3104C4E1 > ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg

#build目录

cd ..

dpkg-buildpackage -rfakeroot -mcheyongsheng -k3104C4E1

#将生成两个文件*.deb *.udeb

cd ..

cp ubuntu-keyring*deb /var/www/ubuntu/pool/main/u/ubuntu-keyring/

3.编译库

#建立所需目录

mkdir -p /var/www/ubuntu/indices

mkdir -p /var/www/ubuntu/apt-ftparchive

mkdir -p /var/www/ubuntu1/pool/restricted

#创建build库所需文件

cd /var/www/ubuntu/apt-ftparchive

vim apt-ftparchive-deb.conf

Dir {

 ArchiveDir "/var/www/ubuntu/";

};

TreeDefault {

 Directory "pool/";

};

BinDirectory "pool/main" {

 Packages "dists/lucid/main/binary-amd64/Packages";

 BinOverride "/var/www/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid.main";

 ExtraOverride "/var/www/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid.extra.main";

};

BinDirectory "pool/restricted" {

Packages "dists/lucid/restricted/binary-amd64/Packages";

BinOverride "/var/www/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid.restricted";

};

Default {

 Packages {

   Extensions ".deb";

   Compress ". gzip";

 };

};

Contents {

 Compress "gzip";

};

~                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            

~          

vim apt-ftparchive-udeb.conf

Dir {

 ArchiveDir "/var/www/ubuntu/";

};

TreeDefault {

 Directory "pool/";

};

BinDirectory "pool/main" {

 Packages "dists/lucid/main/debian-installer/binary-amd64/Packages";

 BinOverride "/var/www/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid.main.debian-installer";

};

BinDirectory "pool/restricted" {

 Packages "dists/lucid/restricted/debian-installer/binary-amd64/Packages";

 BinOverride "/var/www/ubuntu/indices/override.lucid.restricted.debian-installer";

};

Default {

 Packages {

   Extensions ".udeb";

   Compress ". gzip";

 };

};

Contents {

 Compress "gzip";

};

~  

vim release.conf

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Origin "Ubuntu";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Label "Ubuntu";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Suite "lucid";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Version "10.04.4";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Codename "lucid";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Architectures "amd64";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Components "main restricted";

APT::FTPArchive::Release::Description "Ubuntu 10.04.4 LTS";

#所需文件可以在http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/indices下载.

#把需要安装的包放进/var/www/ubuntu/pool/restricted,包括所有依赖的包。

root@yongshengche-desktop:/var/www/ubuntu/pool/restricted# ls

elinks_0.12~pre5-2ubuntu1_amd64.deb     libfreetype6_2.3.11-1ubuntu2.6_amd64.deb  liblualib50_5.0.3-4_amd64.deb            libruby1.8_1.8.7.249-2ubuntu0.1_amd64.deb

elinks-data_0.12~pre5-2ubuntu1_all.deb  liblua50_5.0.3-4_amd64.deb                libperl5.10_5.10.1-8ubuntu2.1_amd64.deb

#如果要更改deb包，如push文件进已有deb包则(以更新DELL Raid卡硬盘乱序驱动为例)：

在iso中提取linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb和Packages.gz

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# mkdir image

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# dpkg-deb -e linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb ./image/DEBIAN

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# dpkg-deb -x linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb ./image/

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# cp mpt2sas.ko image/lib/modules/2.6.32-38-server/kernel/drivers/scsi/mpt2sas/

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# md5sum mpt2sas.ko           #算出新的md5值 ，更新./image/DEBIAN/md5sums

3a1ed58bdad6be17e1e79336c79354f8  mpt2sas.ko

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# dpkg-deb -b -Z bzip2 image ./new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb #重新打包

dpkg-deb：正在新建软件包“linux-image-2.6.32-38-server”，包文件为“./new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb”。

重新生成Packages.gz

apt-get install dpkg-dev (dpkg-scanpackages)

dpkg-scanpackages pool/main /dev/null | gzip > dists/lucid/main/binary-amd64/Packages.gz

######第二种打包方法，以上内容与以下内容互斥#########

#更新Packages.gz文件中linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb一段，需更新字段:Install size;size;md5;sha1;sha256

#Install size:124744

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# du -s ./image/

124744./image/

#Size:32353228

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# ll |grep new-linux-image

-rw-r--r--  1 root         root          32353228 2012-08-13 19:18 new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

#md5:5dc69479da1bfef79e651bac6431d41c

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# md5sum new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb  

5dc69479da1bfef79e651bac6431d41c  new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

#sha1:6c21dd674c2e1f1ec36d5379a2db9da67af62654

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# sha1sum new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

6c21dd674c2e1f1ec36d5379a2db9da67af62654  new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

#sha256:ba2c0df6247492e6f3ea9eb71be6d660f6c824a09037b7b6ec3947ab71117111

root@yongshengche-desktop:/tmp# sha256sum new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

ba2c0df6247492e6f3ea9eb71be6d660f6c824a09037b7b6ec3947ab71117111  new-linux-image-2.6.32-38-server_2.6.32-38.83_amd64.deb

######################

#开始build库

vim /tmp/build.sh

#!/bin/sh

BUILD=/var/www/ubuntu

APTCONF=/var/www/ubuntu/apt-ftparchive/release.conf

DISTNAME=lucid

apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF generate /var/www/ubuntu/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-deb.conf

apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF generate /var/www/ubuntu/apt-ftparchive/apt-ftparchive-udeb.conf

apt-ftparchive -c $APTCONF release $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME > $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release

gpg --default-key 3104C4E1 --output $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release.gpg -ba $BUILD/dists/$DISTNAME/Release

4.更改initrd

PXE Server端 /var/lib/tftpboot/initrd.gz中有原版iso签名，得替换否则报错。然后打包好

cp /var/lib/tftpboot/initrd.gz /tmp/

cd !$

mkdir initrddi

gunzip initrd.gz

mv initrd initrd.img

cd initrd

cpio -i < ../initrd.img

cp /var/www/ubuntu/build/ubuntu-keyring-2010.11.09/keyrings/ubuntu-archive-keyring.gpg .

find . | cpio -o -H newc |gzip -9 >../initrd.gz

cp ../initrd.gz /var/lib/tftpboot/initrd.gz

将新的initrd.gz放进pxe server 成功！