基于嵌入式webserver的服务器状态监控

其实也是在easyhadoop做第二次重构的时候用到了这个嵌入式的webserver去做服务器状态的监控，可以单独摘出来写个东西。

思路主要是用python脚本获取linux服务器的各种状态信息，然后用webserver的方式，以json数据发给http，主控节点去读取webserver返回的json，生成系统监控报表。代码简单，开发和部署都很方便。

用到的主要东西是python的第三方嵌入式web模块叫cherrypy，之所以选择cherrypy，主要原因就是开发快速，学习也很快，基本我用了一天多就基本学会了怎么来写了。当然，也可以用python自带的simpleHTTPserver。不过那个确实太simple了。cherrypy的优点在于，多线程，多并发。又不像Tornado和Django那样重量级。因为我们返回的是json，也用不到什么html模板，数据库的功能。当然也可以选择web.py，不过相比还是cherrypy更好一点我认为，web.py也借鉴了cherrypy不少的思想。

其实我的集群里都装了Ganglia, Cacti, Nagios。但是我想看实时的图表生成，就自己写了这样一段程序。做自动化运维的朋友可以当一个参考，添加自己的方法，监控别的也是可以的。

主要流程是这样：

想办法读取Linux系统的各种数据  --->  解析数据转成json发给http服务器  --->  监控服务器扫描数据生成图表

#!/usr/bin/python
# -*- coding: utf8 -*-
import sys
import cherrypy
import platform
import os
import time
#python 2.4为simplejson，python 2.6以上为json
try:
    import json
except ImportError:
    import simplejson as json
                                                                               
#假装做一个index出来
class Index(object):
    #下面这句表示修饰index方法，这个index方法是暴露给http server的
    @cherrypy.expose
    def index(self):
        return "hello cherrypy"
                                                                                   
class Node(object):
    '''
    url /node/dist/
    '''
    #获取目标机器的发行分支，版本号，架构类型，主机名称等等，返回json
    @cherrypy.expose
    def dist(self):
        dist_json = ''
        sysinstaller = ''
        installer = ''
        ostype = platform.dist()
        if(ostype[0] in ['Ubuntu','debian','ubuntu','Debian']):
            sysinstaller = 'apt-get'
            installer = 'dpkg'
        elif(ostype[0] in ['SuSE']):
            sysinstaller = 'zypper'
            installer = 'rpm'
        elif(ostype[0] in ['CentOS', 'centos', 'redhat','RedHat']):
            sysinstaller = 'yum'
            installer = 'rpm'
            machine = platform.machine()
        hostname = platform.node()
                                                                                   
        dist_json = {'os.system':ostype[0], 'os.version':ostype[1], 'os.release':ostype[2], 'os.sysinstall':sysinstaller, 'os.installer':installer, 'os.arch':machine, 'os.hostname':hostname}
        return json.dumps(dist_json, sort_keys=False, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))
    '''
    url /node/GetCpuInfo/
    '''
    #获取CPU型号等，返回json
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetCpuInfo(self):
        cpu = []
        cpuinfo = {}
        f = open("/proc/cpuinfo")
        lines = f.readlines()
        f.close()
        for line in lines:
            if line == 'n':
                cpu.append(cpuinfo)
                cpuinfo = {}
            if len(line) < 2: continue
            name = line.split(':')[0].strip().replace(' ','_')
            var = line.split(':')[1].strip()
            cpuinfo[name] = var
        return json.dumps(cpuinfo, sort_keys=False, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))
    '''
    url /node/GetMemInfo/
    '''
    #获取内存使用的详细信息
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetMemInfo(self):
        mem = {}
        f = open("/proc/meminfo")
        lines = f.readlines()
        f.close()
        for line in lines:
            if len(line) < 2:
                   continue
            name = line.split(':')[0]
            var = line.split(':')[1].split()[0]
            mem[name] = long(var) * 1024.0
        mem['MemUsed'] = mem['MemTotal'] - mem['MemFree'] - mem['Buffers'] - mem['Cached']
        return json.dumps(mem, sort_keys=False, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))
    '''
    url /node/GetLoadAvg//
    '''
    #获取系统负载的详细信息
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetLoadAvg(self):
        loadavg = {}
        f = open("/proc/loadavg")
        con = f.read().split()
        f.close()
        loadavg['lavg_1']=con[0]
        loadavg['lavg_5']=con[1]
        loadavg['lavg_15']=con[2]
        loadavg['nr']=con[3]
        loadavg['last_pid']=con[4]
        return json.dumps(loadavg, sort_keys=False, indent=4, separators=(',', ': '))
    '''
    url /node/GetIfInfo/eth(x)
    '''
    获取指定网卡的流量信息，这里面有点复杂
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetIfInfo(self, interface):
        dist_json = self.dist()
        f = open("/proc/net/dev")
        lines = f.readlines()
        f.close()
        intf = {}
        for line in lines[2:]:
            con = line.split()
            #if部分是给centos使用的，centos在流量大的情况下，网卡信息里面字符串会连上，所以需要单独拆分处理，else部分则是ubuntu或者其他系统格式化很好的使用
            if con[0][-1].isdigit() == True:
                offset = con[0].split(':')
                intf['interface'] = str(offset[0])
                intf['ReceiveBytes'] = str(offset[1])
                intf['ReceivePackets'] = str(con[1])
                intf['ReceiveErrs'] = str(con[2])
                intf['ReceiveDrop'] = str(con[3])
                intf['ReceiveFifo'] = str(con[4])
                intf['ReceiveFrames'] = str(con[5])
                intf['ReceiveCompressed'] = str(con[6])
                intf['ReceiveMulticast'] = str(con[7])
                intf['TransmitBytes'] = str(con[8])
                intf['TransmitPackets'] = str(con[9])
                intf['TransmitErrs'] = str(con[10])
                intf['TransmitDrop'] = str(con[11])
                intf['TransmitFifo'] = str(con[12])
                intf['TransmitFrames'] = str(con[13])
                intf['TransmitCompressed'] = str(con[14])
                intf['TransmitMulticast'] = str(con[15])
            else:
                intf['interface'] = str(con[0])
                intf['ReceiveBytes'] = str(con[1])
                intf['ReceivePackets'] = str(con[2])
                intf['ReceiveErrs'] = str(con[3])
                intf['ReceiveDrop'] = str(con[4])
                intf['ReceiveFifo'] = str(con[5])
                intf['ReceiveFrames'] = str(con[6])
                intf['ReceiveCompressed'] = str(con[7])
                intf['ReceiveMulticast'] = str(con[8])
                intf['TransmitBytes'] = str(con[9])
                intf['TransmitPackets'] = str(con[10])
                intf['TransmitErrs'] = str(con[11])
                intf['TransmitDrop'] = str(con[12])
                intf['TransmitFifo'] = str(con[13])
                intf['TransmitFrames'] = str(con[14])
                intf['TransmitCompressed'] = str(con[15])
                intf['TransmitMulticast'] = str(con[16])
        return json.dumps(intf, sort_keys=False)
    #获取全部网卡的接口和流量信息
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetIfTraffic(self):
        ifs = []
        nettraffic = {}
        f = open("/proc/net/dev")
        lines = f.readlines()
        f.close()
        for line in lines[2:]:
            con = line.split()
            ifname = con[0].split(':')
            if(ifname[0].strip() != 'lo'):
                ifs.append(ifname[0].strip())
            else:
                continue
        for interface in ifs:
            nettraffic[interface] = self.GetIfInfo( interface)
                                                                                   
        return json.dumps(nettraffic)
    #获取硬盘的分区信息和使用量
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetHddInfo(self):
        hdds = []
        mount = {}
        file_system = []
        type = []
        size = []
        used = []
        avail = []
        used_percent = []
        mounted_on = []
        hdds = os.popen('df -lhT  | grep -v tmpfs | grep -v boot | grep -v usr | grep -v tmp | sed \'1d;/ /!N;s/\\n//;s/[ ]*[ ]/\\t/g;\'').readlines()
        for line in hdds:
            file_system.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[0])
            type.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[1])
            size.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[2])
            used.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[3])
            avail.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[4])
            used_percent.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[5])
            mounted_on.append(line.replace('\\n','').replace('\\t',' ').split()[6])
        mount['file_system'] = file_system
        mount['type'] = type
        mount['size'] = size
        mount['used'] = used
        mount['avail'] = avail
        mount['used_percent'] = used_percent
        mount['mounted_on'] = mounted_on
        dist_json = json.dumps(mount)
        return dist_json
                                                                               
    #获取CPU的使用量信息，需要系统安装sysstat支持
    @cherrypy.expose
    def GetCpuDetail(self):
        dist_json = self.dist()
        dist = json.loads(dist_json)
        if(dist['os.system'] in ['CentOS', 'centos', 'redhat', 'RedHat']):
            if(int(dist['os.version'].split('.')[0])  < 6):  #For CentOS only
                cmd = 'mpstat 1 1 | sed \'1d;2d;3d;4d\' | awk \'{print "{\\\"user\\\":\\\"\"$3\"\\\",\\\"nice\\\":\\\"\"$4\"\\\",\\\"sys\\\":\\\"\"$5\"\\\",\\\"iowait\\\":\\\"\"$6\"\\\",\\\"irq\\\":\\\"\"$7\"\\\",\\\"soft\\\":\\\"\"$8\"\\\",\\\"steal\\\":\\\"\"$9\"\\\",\\\"idle\\\":\\\"\"$10\"\\\"}"}\''
            else:
                cmd = 'mpstat 1 1 | sed \'1d;2d;3d;4d\' | awk \'{print "{\\\"user\\\":\\\"\"$3\"\\\",\\\"nice\\\":\\\"\"$4\"\\\",\\\"sys\\\":\\\"\"$5\"\\\",\\\"iowait\\\":\\\"\"$6\"\\\",\\\"irq\\\":\\\"\"$7\"\\\",\\\"soft\\\":\\\"\"$8\"\\\",\\\"steal\\\":\\\"\"$9\"\\\",\\\"idle\\\":\\\"\"$11\"\\\"}"}\''
        else:
            cmd = 'mpstat 1 1 | sed \'1d;2d;3d;4d\' | awk \'{print "{\\\"user\\\":\\\"\"$3\"\\\",\\\"nice\\\":\\\"\"$4\"\\\",\\\"sys\\\":\\\"\"$5\"\\\",\\\"iowait\\\":\\\"\"$6\"\\\",\\\"irq\\\":\\\"\"$7\"\\\",\\\"soft\\\":\\\"\"$8\"\\\",\\\"steal\\\":\\\"\"$9\"\\\",\\\"idle\\\":\\\"\"$11\"\\\"}"}\''
        cpu = os.popen(cmd).readline().strip()
        return cpu
if "__main__" == __name__:
    #服务器配置
    settings = {
                'global': {
                    #绑定端口
                    'server.socket_port' : 60090,
                    #ip地址设置，觉得够安全就用0.0.0.0，否则就单独写那台服务器的ip
                    'server.socket_host': '0.0.0.0',
                    'server.socket_file': '',
                    'server.socket_queue_size': 100,
                    'server.protocol_version': 'HTTP/1.1',
                    'server.log_to_screen': True,
                    'server.log_file': '',
                    'server.reverse_dns': False,
                    'server.thread_pool': 200,
                    'server.environment': 'production',
                    'engine.timeout_monitor.on': False
                }
        }
        #使用配置和映射路由并启动webserver
        cherrypy.config.update(settings)
        cherrypy.tree.mount(Index(), '/')
        cherrypy.tree.mount(Node(), '/node')
        cherrypy.engine.start()

图表生成端随便拿什么语言写就无所谓了，反正数据都是json格式的。

当然，我也用他监控hadoop和hbase。代码加点跟hadoop和hbase相关的就可以了。

本文出自 “实践检验真理” 博客，谢绝转载！