默认路由:
# Rails3:
match '/:controller(/:action(/:id))'
# Rails2:
map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'
正则路由:
# Rails3:
match 'products/:id', :to => 'catalog#view'
# Rails2:
map.connect 'products/:id', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'view'
命名路由:
# Rails3:
match 'logout', :to => 'sessions#destroy', :as => 'logout'
# Rails2:
map.logout 'logout', :controller => 'sessions', :action => ''
根路由:
# Rails3:
root :to => 'welcome#show'
# Rails2:
map.root :controller => 'welcome', :action => 'show'
路由简写技巧:
:to 键的省略:
match 'account' => 'account#index'
# 相当于:
match 'account', :to => 'account#index'
match 'info' => 'projects#info', :as => 'info'
注意:
:as 在rails3中是改变 helper, 在rails2中是改变 path
当路径和控制器(及action)一至时,可省略指派控制器部分
match 'account/overview'
# 相当于:
match 'account/overview', :to => 'account#overview'
Verb路由
当需要限制http请求方法的时候通过键 :via ,也可以直接把方法写在最前面:
get 'account/overview'
# 相当于:
match 'account/overview', :via => 'get'
match 'account/setup', :via => [:get, :post]
# 支持get\post\put\delete四种HTTP方法
resources路由:
resources :posts, :except => [:index]
resources :posts, :only => [:new, :create]
# edit_post GET /posts/:id/modify(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}
resources :posts, :path_names => { :edit => 'modify' }
resources :projectsdo
resources :tasks, :people
end
resources :productsdo
collection do
get :sold
post :on_offer, :search
end
get :buy, :on => :member
post :batch, :on => :collection
end
resource :sessiondo
get :create
end
:shallow用法:
Rails3中的shallow用法与Rails2中一致
resources :blogs, :shallow => truedo
resources :comments
end
使用:shallow前后相同部分:
blog_comments | GET | /blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"index"} | |
blog_comments | POST | /blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"create"} | |
new_blog_comment | GET | /blogs/:blog_id/comments/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"new"} | |
blogs | GET | /blogs(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"index"} | |
blogs | POST | /blogs(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"create"} | |
new_blog | GET | /blogs/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"new"} | |
edit_blog | GET | /blogs/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"edit"} | |
blog | GET | /blogs/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"show"} | |
blog | PUT | /blogs/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"update"} | |
blog | DELETE | /blogs/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"destroy"} |
使用:shallow前后不同部分:
不使用shallow选项:
edit_blog_comment | GET | /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"} |
blog_comment | GET | /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"} |
blog_comment | PUT | /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"} |
blog_comment | DELETE | /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"} |
使用shallow选项后:
edit_comment | GET | /comments/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"} |
comment | GET | /comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"} |
comment | PUT | /comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"} |
comment | DELETE | /comments/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"} |
可以看出使用shallow选项后,对于已经存在的资源使用简化方式操作,具体行为涉及到 edit\show\update\destroy 四种
另外,shallow选项的有效范围是对自身及嵌套的资源都有效,如下面这个例子:
resources :publishersdo
resources :magazinesdo
resources :albums, :shallow => truedo
resources :photosdo
resources :images
end
end
end
end
这个例子中 albums、photos、images 都会使用简化方式,而 magazines 不会。特别注意:这种嵌套方式极不推荐,一般嵌套的层级最好不要超过一级
scope路由
:path 改变Path,:module 改变Controller, :name_prefix || :as 改变 helper
scope 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
# 行当于:
scope :path => 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
生成路由:
posts | GET | /admin/posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"} |
posts | POST | /admin/posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"} |
new_post | GET | /admin/posts/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"} |
edit_post | GET | /admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"} |
post | GET | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"} |
post | PUT | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"} |
post | DELETE | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"} |
scope :module => 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
# 相当于:
resources :posts, :module => 'admin'
生成路由:
posts | GET | /posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"} |
posts | POST | /posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"} |
new_post | GET | /posts/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"} |
edit_post | GET | /posts/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"} |
post | GET | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"} |
post | PUT | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"} |
post | DELETE | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"} |
scope :name_prefix => 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
# 相当于:
resources :posts, :name_prefix => 'admin'
生成路由:
admin_posts | GET | /posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"} |
admin_posts | POST | /posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"} |
new_admin_post | GET | /posts/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"} |
edit_admin_post | GET | /posts/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"} |
admin_post | GET | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"} |
admin_post | PUT | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"} |
admin_post | DELETE | /posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"} |
scope 'admin', :module => 'admin', :name_prefix => 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
# 相当于:
namespace 'admin'do
resources :posts
end
生成路由:
admin_posts | GET | /admin/posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"} |
admin_posts | POST | /admin/posts(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"} |
new_admin_post | GET | /admin/posts/new(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"} |
edit_admin_post | GET | /admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"} |
admin_post | GET | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"} |
admin_post | PUT | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"} |
admin_post | DELETE | /admin/posts/:id(.:format) | {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"} |
在路由中定义跳转:
match "/posts/github" => redirect("http://github.com/rails.atom")
# 地址 /foo/1 会自动跳转到 /bar/1s
match "/foo/:id", :to => redirect("/bar/%{id}s")
# /account/proc/inosin 会自动跳转到 /inosins
match 'account/proc/:name', :to => redirect {|params|
"/#{params[:name].pluralize}" }
match "/stories" => redirect {|p, req| "/posts/#{req.subdomain}" }
路由中的限制:
# 限制 id 只能为数字
match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :id => /\d+/
match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :constraints => {:id => /\d+/}
# 限制子域名
match "photos", :constraints => {:subdomain => "admin"}
# 限制访问者 IP
constraints(:ip => /127.0.0.1/) do
match '/questions', :to => redirect("http://www.stackoverflow.com/")
end
# 当访问者 ip 是 192.168.1.* 的来访者访问 子域名为 "test"
match "/ttt" => proc{|env| [200, {}, ["hello test"]]}, \
:constraints => {:subdomain => "test", :ip => /192\.168\.1\.\d+/}
路由通配符:
resources :photos, :id => /\d+/
match 'photos/*other' => 'photos#unknown'
#上面这两行路由则会把不符合7种path的其他url全部解析到PhotoController#unknown中去处理,params[:other]可得到path中/photos/之后的部分,注意这两行的顺序不能颠倒
match 'books/*section/:title' => 'books#show'
# 例如:books/some/section/last-words-a-memoir 中 params[:section] = "some/section", params[:title] = "last-words-a-memoir".
match '*a/foo/*b' => 'test#index'
# 例如:zoo/woo/foo/bar/baz 中 params[:a] = "zoo/woo", params[:b] = "bar/baz"
Rack:
match "/foo", :to => proc {|env| [200, {}, ["Hello world"]] }
match 'rocketeer.js' => ::TestRoutingMapper::RocketeerApp
RocketeerApp = lambda { |env|
[200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["javascripts"]]
}
转载自:http://www.verydemo.com/demo_c119_i4009.html