rails3 Route用法

默认路由:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. # Rails3:

  2. match '/:controller(/:action(/:id))'

  3. # Rails2:

  4. map.connect ':controller/:action/:id'



正则路由:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. # Rails3:

  2. match 'products/:id', :to => 'catalog#view'

  3. # Rails2:

  4. map.connect 'products/:id', :controller => 'catalog', :action => 'view'



命名路由:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. # Rails3:

  2. match 'logout', :to => 'sessions#destroy', :as => 'logout'

  3. # Rails2:

  4. map.logout 'logout', :controller => 'sessions', :action => ''



根路由:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. # Rails3:

  2. root :to => 'welcome#show'

  3. # Rails2:

  4. map.root :controller => 'welcome', :action => 'show'



路由简写技巧:
:to 键的省略:

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  1. match 'account' => 'account#index'

  2. # 相当于:

  3. match 'account', :to => 'account#index'

  4. match 'info' => 'projects#info', :as => 'info'


注意:
:as 在rails3中是改变 helper, 在rails2中是改变 path


当路径和控制器(及action)一至时,可省略指派控制器部分

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. match 'account/overview'

  2. # 相当于:

  3. match 'account/overview', :to => 'account#overview'



Verb路由
当需要限制http请求方法的时候通过键 :via ,也可以直接把方法写在最前面:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. get 'account/overview'

  2. # 相当于:

  3. match 'account/overview', :via => 'get'

  4. match 'account/setup', :via => [:get, :post]  

  5. # 支持get\post\put\delete四种HTTP方法



resources路由:

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  1. resources :posts, :except => [:index]  

  2. resources :posts, :only => [:new, :create]  

  3. # edit_post GET    /posts/:id/modify(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}

  4. resources :posts, :path_names => { :edit => 'modify' }  

  5. resources :projectsdo

  6.  resources :tasks, :people

  7. end

  8. resources :productsdo

  9.  collection do

  10.    get  :sold

  11.    post :on_offer, :search

  12. end

  13.  get :buy, :on => :member

  14.  post :batch, :on => :collection

  15. end

  16. resource :sessiondo

  17.  get :create

  18. end



:shallow用法:
Rails3中的shallow用法与Rails2中一致

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. resources :blogs, :shallow => truedo

  2.  resources :comments

  3. end


使用:shallow前后相同部分:

blog_comments GET /blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"index"}
blog_comments POST /blogs/:blog_id/comments(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"create"}
new_blog_comment GET /blogs/:blog_id/comments/new(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"new"}
blogs GET /blogs(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"index"}
blogs POST /blogs(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"create"}
new_blog GET /blogs/new(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"new"}
edit_blog GET /blogs/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"edit"}
blog GET /blogs/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"show"}
blog PUT /blogs/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"update"}
blog DELETE /blogs/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"blogs", :action=>"destroy"}



使用:shallow前后不同部分:
不使用shallow选项:

edit_blog_comment GET /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"}
blog_comment GET /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"}
blog_comment PUT /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"}
blog_comment DELETE /blogs/:blog_id/comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"}



使用shallow选项后:

edit_comment GET /comments/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"edit"}
comment GET /comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"show"}
comment PUT /comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"update"}
comment DELETE /comments/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"comments", :action=>"destroy"}


可以看出使用shallow选项后,对于已经存在的资源使用简化方式操作,具体行为涉及到 edit\show\update\destroy 四种
另外,shallow选项的有效范围是对自身及嵌套的资源都有效,如下面这个例子:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. resources :publishersdo

  2.  resources :magazinesdo

  3.    resources :albums, :shallow => truedo

  4.      resources :photosdo

  5.        resources :images

  6. end

  7. end

  8. end

  9. end


这个例子中 albums、photos、images 都会使用简化方式,而 magazines 不会。特别注意:这种嵌套方式极不推荐,一般嵌套的层级最好不要超过一级

scope路由
:path 改变Path,:module 改变Controller, :name_prefix || :as 改变  helper

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  1. scope 'admin'do

  2.  resources :posts

  3. end

  4. # 行当于:

  5. scope :path => 'admin'do

  6.  resources :posts

  7. end


生成路由:

posts GET /admin/posts(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"}
posts POST /admin/posts(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"}
new_post GET /admin/posts/new(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_post GET /admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}
post GET /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"}
post PUT /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"}
post DELETE /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"}


Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. scope :module => 'admin'do

  2.  resources :posts

  3. end

  4. # 相当于:

  5. resources :posts, :module => 'admin'


生成路由:

posts GET /posts(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"}
posts POST /posts(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"}
new_post GET /posts/new(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_post GET /posts/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"}
post GET /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"}
post PUT /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"}
post DELETE /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"}


Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. scope :name_prefix => 'admin'do

  2.  resources :posts

  3. end

  4. # 相当于:

  5. resources :posts, :name_prefix => 'admin'


生成路由:

admin_posts GET /posts(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"index"}
admin_posts POST /posts(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"create"}
new_admin_post GET /posts/new(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_admin_post GET /posts/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"edit"}
admin_post GET /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"show"}
admin_post PUT /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"update"}
admin_post DELETE /posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"posts", :action=>"destroy"}


Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. scope 'admin', :module => 'admin', :name_prefix => 'admin'do

  2.  resources :posts

  3. end

  4. # 相当于:

  5. namespace 'admin'do

  6.  resources :posts

  7. end


生成路由:

admin_posts GET /admin/posts(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"index"}
admin_posts POST /admin/posts(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"create"}
new_admin_post GET /admin/posts/new(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"new"}
edit_admin_post GET /admin/posts/:id/edit(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"edit"}
admin_post GET /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"show"}
admin_post PUT /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"update"}
admin_post DELETE /admin/posts/:id(.:format) {:controller=>"admin/posts", :action=>"destroy"}



在路由中定义跳转:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. match "/posts/github" => redirect("http://github.com/rails.atom")  

  2. # 地址 /foo/1 会自动跳转到 /bar/1s

  3. match "/foo/:id", :to => redirect("/bar/%{id}s")    

  4. # /account/proc/inosin 会自动跳转到 /inosins

  5. match 'account/proc/:name', :to => redirect {|params|  

  6. "/#{params[:name].pluralize}" }  

  7. match "/stories" => redirect {|p, req| "/posts/#{req.subdomain}" }  



路由中的限制:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. # 限制 id 只能为数字

  2. match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :id => /\d+/  

  3. match "/posts/show/:id", :to => "posts#index", :constraints => {:id => /\d+/}  

  4. # 限制子域名

  5. match "photos", :constraints => {:subdomain => "admin"}  

  6. # 限制访问者 IP

  7. constraints(:ip => /127.0.0.1/) do

  8.  match  '/questions', :to => redirect("http://www.stackoverflow.com/")  

  9. end

  10. # 当访问者 ip 是 192.168.1.* 的来访者访问 子域名为 "test"

  11. match "/ttt" => proc{|env| [200, {}, ["hello test"]]}, \  

  12. :constraints => {:subdomain => "test", :ip => /192\.168\.1\.\d+/}  



路由通配符:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. resources :photos, :id => /\d+/  

  2. match 'photos/*other' => 'photos#unknown'

  3. #上面这两行路由则会把不符合7种path的其他url全部解析到PhotoController#unknown中去处理,params[:other]可得到path中/photos/之后的部分,注意这两行的顺序不能颠倒

  4. match 'books/*section/:title' => 'books#show'

  5. # 例如:books/some/section/last-words-a-memoir 中 params[:section] = "some/section", params[:title] = "last-words-a-memoir".

  6. match '*a/foo/*b' => 'test#index'

  7. # 例如:zoo/woo/foo/bar/baz 中 params[:a] = "zoo/woo", params[:b] = "bar/baz"



Rack:

Ruby代码   收藏代码
  1. match "/foo", :to => proc {|env| [200, {}, ["Hello world"]] }  

  2. match 'rocketeer.js' => ::TestRoutingMapper::RocketeerApp  

  3. RocketeerApp = lambda { |env|  

  4.  [200, {"Content-Type" => "text/html"}, ["javascripts"]]  

  5. }  




转载自:http://www.verydemo.com/demo_c119_i4009.html


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