通向架构师的道路（十一）--之Axis2 Web Service(三)

一、SOAPIn Axis2

在前两天的教程中,我们学习到了用Axis2如何进行复杂数据、简单数据进行传输。

正如我在前一天教程中所说，在web service的世界里，一切都是基于SOAP的，因此在今天我们将学习Axis2中的SOAP特性。

今天的课程将用3个例子来完成即：

1）  客户端与服务端使用SOAP进行通讯

2）  服务端将Exception以SOAPFault的形式抛给客户端

3）  使用SWA（Soap With Attachment）来进行附件传送

二、客户端与服务端使用SOAP进行通讯

来看下面这个Web Service：

下面是Service端的源码

org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapService

package org.sky.axis2.soap; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace; import java.util.*; public class SoapService { public static OMElement requestSoap = null; public OMElement request(OMElement soapBody) {   requestSoap = soapBody;   Iterator it = requestSoap.getChildElements();   OMElement issuerElement = (OMElement) it.next();   OMElement serialElement = (OMElement) it.next();   OMElement revocationDateElement = (OMElement) it.next();   String issuer = issuerElement.getText();   String serial = serialElement.getText();   String revocationDate = revocationDateElement.getText();   System.out.println("issuer=====" + issuer);   System.out.println("serial=====" + serial);   System.out.println("revocationDate=====" + revocationDate);   OMFactory soapFactory = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory();   OMNamespace omNs = soapFactory.createOMNamespace( "http://soap.axis2.sky.org", "");   OMElement soapResponse = soapFactory.createOMElement("SoapResponse", omNs); OMElement soapIssuer = soapFactory.createOMElement("Issuer", omNs);                   soapIssuer.setText("issuer: " + issuer);                   soapResponse.addChild(soapIssuer);                   OMElement soapSerial = soapFactory.createOMElement("Serial", omNs);                   soapSerial.setText("serial: " + serial);                   soapResponse.addChild(soapSerial);                   OMElement soapRevokeDate = soapFactory.createOMElement("RevokeDate",                                     omNs);                   soapRevokeDate.setText("RevocationDate: " + revocationDate);                   soapResponse.addChild(soapRevokeDate); soapResponse.build();   return soapResponse; } }

来看它的service.xml的描述

<service name="SoapService"> <description>   This is the service for revoking certificate. </description> <parameter name="ServiceClass" locked="false">   org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapService </parameter> <operation name="request">   <messageReceiver class="org.apache.axis2.receivers.RawXMLINOutMessageReceiver" />   <actionMapping>urn:request</actionMapping> </operation> </service>

该Web Service接受一个Soap请求，该请求为如下格式：

<soapenv:Envelope xmlns:soapenv="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" xmlns:soap="http://soap.axis2.sky.org">   <soapenv:Header/>   <soapenv:Body>  <soap:request>   <soap:request>?</soap:request>  </soap:request>   </soapenv:Body> </soapenv:Envelope>

其中<soap:request></soap:request>中间的内容，应该如下所示：

<Request xmlns="http://10.225.104.122"> <Issuer>1234567890</Issuer> <Serial>11111111</Serial> <RevokeDate>2007-01-01</RevokeDate> </ Response >

我们假设它是一个购买图书的定单，服务端收到这个请求后会返回一个定单信息给调用它的客户端，服务端将返回如下内容（此处不做任何业务处理，只是很简单的传值回客户端）。

<SoapResponse xmlns="http://soap.axis2.sky.org"> <Issuer>issuer: Wrox</Issuer> <Serial>serial: 1111111111ISBN</Serial> <RevokeDate>RevocationDate: 2012-07-29</RevokeDate> </SoapResponse>

为生成上述这个SoapResponse我们在Service端的核心代码如上面加粗部分的代码所示，由其注意这个“soapResponse.build();”。

下面我们来看这个客户端是怎么写的，我们这边用的是非阻塞式客户端

org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapServiceClient

package org.sky.axis2.soap; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace; import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault; import org.apache.axis2.Constants; import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference; import org.apache.axis2.client.Options; import org.apache.axis2.client.ServiceClient; import org.apache.axis2.client.async.AxisCallback; import org.apache.axis2.context.MessageContext; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; public class SoapServiceClient { private static EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference( "http://localhost:8080/Axis2Service/services/SoapService"); public static boolean finish = false; public static void orderRequest() {   OMFactory factory = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory(); OMNamespace omNs = factory.createOMNamespace( "http://soap.axis2.sky.org", ""); OMElement issuer = factory.createOMElement("Issuer", omNs); OMElement serial = factory.createOMElement("Serial", omNs); OMElement revocationDate = factory.createOMElement("RevocationDate", omNs); issuer.setText("Wrox"); serial.setText("1111111111ISBN"); revocationDate.setText("2012-07-29"); OMElement requestSoapMessage = factory.createOMElement("request", omNs); requestSoapMessage.addChild(issuer); requestSoapMessage.addChild(serial); requestSoapMessage.addChild(revocationDate); requestSoapMessage.build();   Options options = new Options();   options.setTo(targetEPR);   ServiceClient sender = null;   try { AxisCallback callback = new AxisCallback() { public void onMessage(MessageContext msgContext) { OMElement result = msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody() .getFirstElement();   // System.out.println(msgContext.toString());   // System.out.println(msgContext.getEnvelope().toString()); System.out.println(msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody() .getFirstElement()); finish = true; } public void onFault(MessageContext msgContext) {   System.out.println(msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody() .getFault().toString()); } public void onError(Exception e) { } public void onComplete() {   System.out.println("Completed!!!"); } }; sender = new ServiceClient(); sender.setOptions(options); System.out.println("-------Invoke the service---------"); sender.sendReceiveNonBlocking(requestSoapMessage, callback); synchronized (callback) { if (!finish) {   try { callback.wait(1000);   } catch (Exception e) {   } } if (!finish) {   throw new AxisFault( "Server was shutdown as the async response take too long to complete"); } }   } catch (AxisFault e) { e.printStackTrace();   } finally { if (sender != null) try {   sender.cleanup(); } catch (Exception e) { }   } } public static void main(String[] args) {   orderRequest(); } }

上述代码和前两天的客户端代码没啥区别，我已经把核心代码用红色给标粗了。

运行后行得到输出

客户端运行后的输出：

服务端的输出：

三、服务端将Exception以SOAPFault的形式抛给客户端

上面这个例子很简单，它展示了一个客户端向服务端发送一个request，服务端接收到客户端的Request(OMElement类型)后解析并根据相应的业务逻辑向客户端再返回一个response(OMElement类型)的完整过程。

下面我们要来看的是，如果客户端在调用服务器时发生任何错误，服务端如何把这个错误经过包装后再返回给客户端的例子。

还记得我们在非阻塞式客户端中有如下这样的触发器吗？

public void onMessage(MessageContext msgContext) { } public void onFault(MessageContext msgContext) { } public void onError(Exception e) { } public void onComplete() { }

此处的onFault就是用于接受从服务端抛过来的Exception的，我们把它称为SOAPFault。

下面来看一个例子，先来看Service端

org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapFaultService

package org.sky.axis2.soap; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFactory; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFault; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultCode; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFaultReason; import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault; import org.apache.axis2.context.MessageContext; public class SoapFaultService { private int i = 0; public OMElement getPrice(OMElement request) throws AxisFault {   if (request == null) { SOAPFault fault = getSOAPFault(); return fault;   }   OMFactory factory = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory();   OMNamespace ns = factory.createOMNamespace("", "");   OMElement response = factory.createOMElement("Price", ns);   response.setText(String.valueOf(i++));   return response; } private SOAPFault getSOAPFault() {   MessageContext context = MessageContext.getCurrentMessageContext();   SOAPFactory factory = null;   if (context.isSOAP11()) { factory = OMAbstractFactory.getSOAP11Factory();   } else { factory = OMAbstractFactory.getSOAP12Factory();   } SOAPFault fault = factory.createSOAPFault(); SOAPFaultCode faultCode = factory.createSOAPFaultCode(fault);                   faultCode.setText("13");                   factory.createSOAPFaultValue(faultCode);                   SOAPFaultReason faultReason = factory.createSOAPFaultReason(fault);                   faultReason.setText("request can not be null");                   factory.createSOAPFaultText(faultReason);                   factory.createSOAPFaultDetail(fault);   return fault; } }

注意加粗部分的代码，由其是标成红色的代码为核心代码。

来看Service描述：

<service name="SoapFaultService"> <Description>   Please Type your service description here </Description> <parameter name="ServiceClass" locked="false">org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapFaultService </parameter> <operation name="getPrice">   <messageReceiver class="org.apache.axis2.receivers.RawXMLINOutMessageReceiver" />   <actionMapping>urn:getPrice</actionMapping> </operation> </service>

上述这个WebService接受一个输入的参数，如果输入的内容为空，则返回一个SoapFault，即键值为13，内容为” request can not be null”。

我们来看客户端的代码

org.sky.axis2.soap.SoapFaultClient

package org.sky.axis2.soap; import java.util.Iterator; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace; import org.apache.axis2.AxisFault; import org.apache.axis2.Constants; import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference; import org.apache.axis2.client.Options; import org.apache.axis2.client.ServiceClient; import org.apache.axis2.client.async.AxisCallback; import org.apache.axis2.context.MessageContext; public class SoapFaultClient { static boolean finish = false; public static void main(String[] args) {   EndpointReference epr = new EndpointReference(   "http://localhost:8080/Axis2Service/services/SoapFaultService");   ServiceClient sender = null;   try { OMFactory factory = OMAbstractFactory.getOMFactory(); OMNamespace ns = factory.createOMNamespace(   "http://soap.axis2.sky.org", ""); OMElement request = factory.createOMElement("Price", ns); Options options = new Options(); options.setAction("urn:getPrice"); options.setTo(epr); options.setTransportInProtocol(Constants.TRANSPORT_HTTP); options.setUseSeparateListener(true); AxisCallback callback = new AxisCallback() { public void onMessage(MessageContext msgContext) {   OMElement result = msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody() .getFirstElement();   OMElement priceElement = result;   System.out.println("price====" + priceElement.getText());   finish = true; } public void onFault(MessageContext msgContext) { QName errorCode = new QName("faultcode"); QName reason = new QName("faultstring"); // System.out.println("on // fault:"+msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody().getFault().toString()); OMElement fault = msgContext.getEnvelope().getBody() .getFault(); System.out.println("ErrorCode[" + fault.getFirstChildWithName(errorCode).getText() + "] caused by: " + fault.getFirstChildWithName(reason).getText()); } public void onError(Exception e) { } public void onComplete() {   System.out.println("OnComplete!!!"); } }; sender = new ServiceClient(); sender.setOptions(options); sender.engageModule("addressing"); try { // sender.sendReceiveNonBlocking(request, callback); sender.sendReceiveNonBlocking(null, callback); } catch (AxisFault e) { System.out.println("Exception occur!"); System.out.println(e.getMessage()); } synchronized (callback) { if (!finish) {   try { callback.wait(1000);   } catch (Exception e) {   } } }   } catch (AxisFault e) { e.printStackTrace(); System.out.println(e.getMessage());   } finally { try { sender.cleanup(); } catch (Exception e) { }   } } }

注意红色并加粗部分的代码，为了抓到服务端抛过来的SoapFault我们必须使用非阻塞式，因此我们在onFault处，进行接受服务端错误的处理。

注意：

我们调用Service端时没有传入Service端所需要的request的参数：

// sender.sendReceiveNonBlocking(request,callback);

sender.sendReceiveNonBlocking(null,callback);

这将构成Service端抛出SoapFault。

来看运行效果：

四、使用SWA（Soap WithAttachment）来进行附件传送

有了上面两个例子的基础后，我们将使用这个例子来结束Axis2中的Soap特性的教学。

在Axis2中传输附件有两种形式，一种叫MTOM，一种就是SWA。

SWAP即Soap With Attachment，这是业界的标准。

所谓的SWA传输，即客户端把需要上传的文件，编译成两进制代码凌晨随着soap的request一起推送到服务端，该两进制代码以AttachmentId的形式来表示，即如下这样的一个soap body：

<soapenv:Body> <uploadFile xmlns="http://attachment.axis2.sky.org"> <name>test.jpg</name> <attchmentID>urn:uuid:8B43A26FEE1492F85A1343628038693</attchmentID> </uploadFile> </soapenv:Body>

服务端收到该soap的request可以直接使用如下的语句将这个AttachmentId还原成输出流：

DataHandler dataHandler = attachment.getDataHandler(attchmentID); File file = new File(uploadFilePath.toString()); fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); dataHandler.writeTo(fileOutputStream); fileOutputStream.flush();

在我们这个例子内，我们将使用客户端上传一个jpg文件，服务端收到该jpg文件（可以是任何的两进制文件）后解析后存入服务端的一个目录。

先来看服务端代码

org.sky.axis2.attachment.FileUploadService

package org.sky.axis2.attachment; import java.io.File; import java.io.FileOutputStream; import java.io.IOException; import javax.activation.DataHandler; import org.apache.axiom.attachments.Attachments; import org.apache.axis2.context.MessageContext; import org.sky.axis2.util.UUID; public class FileUploadService { public String uploadFile(String name, String attchmentID) throws Exception {   FileOutputStream fileOutputStream = null;   StringBuffer uploadFilePath = new StringBuffer();   String fileNamePrefix = "";   String fileName = "";   try { MessageContext msgCtx = MessageContext.getCurrentMessageContext(); Attachments attachment = msgCtx.getAttachmentMap(); DataHandler dataHandler = attachment.getDataHandler(attchmentID); fileNamePrefix = name.substring(name.indexOf("."), name.length()); fileName = UUID.getUUID(); System.out.println("fileName=====" + fileName); System.out.println("fileNamePrefix====" + fileNamePrefix); uploadFilePath.append("D:/upload/axis2/"); uploadFilePath.append(fileName); uploadFilePath.append(fileNamePrefix); System.out .println("uploadFilePath====" + uploadFilePath.toString()); File file = new File(uploadFilePath.toString()); fileOutputStream = new FileOutputStream(file); dataHandler.writeTo(fileOutputStream); fileOutputStream.flush();   } catch (Exception e) { throw new Exception(e);   } finally { try { if (fileOutputStream != null) {   fileOutputStream.close();   fileOutputStream = null; } } catch (Exception e) { }   }   return "File saved succesfully."; } }

下面是服务端的描述

service.xml文件的内容为：

<service name="AttachmentService"> <parameter name="ServiceClass">org.sky.axis2.attachment.FileUploadService </parameter> <operation name="uploadFile">   <actionMapping>urn:uploadFile</actionMapping>   <messageReceiver class="org.apache.axis2.rpc.receivers.RPCMessageReceiver" /> </operation> </service>

该服务端接受客户端上传的附件后使用UUID重新命名上传的文件名，并将其存入服务端的” D:/upload/axis2/”目录中。

来看客户端代码

org.sky.axis2.attachment.FileUploadClient

package org.sky.axis2.attachment; import java.io.File; import javax.activation.DataHandler; import javax.activation.FileDataSource; import javax.xml.namespace.QName; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMAbstractFactory; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMElement; import org.apache.axiom.om.OMNamespace; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAP11Constants; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPBody; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPEnvelope; import org.apache.axiom.soap.SOAPFactory; import org.apache.axis2.Constants; import org.apache.axis2.addressing.EndpointReference; import org.apache.axis2.client.OperationClient; import org.apache.axis2.client.Options; import org.apache.axis2.client.ServiceClient; import org.apache.axis2.context.ConfigurationContext; import org.apache.axis2.context.ConfigurationContextFactory; import org.apache.axis2.context.MessageContext; import org.apache.axis2.wsdl.WSDLConstants; public class FileUploadClient { private static EndpointReference targetEPR = new EndpointReference( "http://localhost:8080/Axis2Service/services/AttachmentService"); public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {   new FileUploadClient().transferFile(); } public void transferFile() throws Exception {   String filePath = "D:/deployment/test.jpg";   String destFile = "test.jpg";   Options options = new Options();   options.setTo(targetEPR); options.setProperty(Constants.Configuration.ENABLE_SWA, Constants.VALUE_TRUE); options.setSoapVersionURI(SOAP11Constants.SOAP_ENVELOPE_NAMESPACE_URI);   options.setTimeOutInMilliSeconds(10000);   options.setTo(targetEPR);   options.setAction("urn:uploadFile"); ConfigurationContext configContext = ConfigurationContextFactory .createConfigurationContextFromFileSystem( "D:/wspace/Axis2Service/WebContent/WEB-INF/modules", null);   ServiceClient sender = new ServiceClient(configContext, null);   sender.setOptions(options); OperationClient mepClient = sender .createClient(ServiceClient.ANON_OUT_IN_OP); MessageContext mc = new MessageContext(); FileDataSource fileDataSource = new FileDataSource(new File(filePath));   // Create a dataHandler using the fileDataSource. Any implementation of   // javax.activation.DataSource interface can fit here. DataHandler dataHandler = new DataHandler(fileDataSource); String attachmentID = mc.addAttachment(dataHandler);   SOAPFactory fac = OMAbstractFactory.getSOAP11Factory();   SOAPEnvelope env = fac.getDefaultEnvelope();   OMNamespace omNs = fac.createOMNamespace( "http://attachment.axis2.sky.org", "");   OMElement uploadFile = fac.createOMElement("uploadFile", omNs);   OMElement nameEle = fac.createOMElement("name", omNs);   nameEle.setText(destFile); OMElement idEle = fac.createOMElement("attchmentID", omNs); idEle.setText(attachmentID); uploadFile.addChild(nameEle); uploadFile.addChild(idEle); env.getBody().addChild(uploadFile);   System.out.println("message====" + env);   mc.setEnvelope(env);   mepClient.addMessageContext(mc);   mepClient.execute(true);   MessageContext response = mepClient .getMessageContext(WSDLConstants.MESSAGE_LABEL_IN_VALUE);   SOAPBody body = response.getEnvelope().getBody();   OMElement element = body.getFirstElement().getFirstChildWithName( new QName("http://attachment.axis2.sky.org", "return"));   System.out.println(element.getText()); } }

注意红色加粗部分的代码，由其是：

FileDataSource fileDataSource = new FileDataSource(new File(filePath)); String attachmentID = mc.addAttachment(dataHandler);

这两句就是把客户端需要上传的附件转成AttachmentId的语句，然后把这个AttachementId作为一个OMElement的类型加入到客户端的soap request中去即可：

OMElement idEle = fac.createOMElement("attchmentID", omNs); idEle.setText(attachmentID); uploadFile.addChild(nameEle); uploadFile.addChild(idEle); env.getBody().addChild(uploadFile);

来看运行效果。

客户端：

上传d:/deployment/test.jpg文件

客户端收到服务端返回的”File saved successfully”即可在服务端的” D:/upload/axis2”目录中查询是否成功上传了该文件了

可以看到，由于我们使用的是UUID因此每次上传，服务端的文件名都不会重复。

附录 UUID.java

package org.sky.axis2.util; public class UUID { protected static int count = 0; public static synchronized String getUUID() {   count++;   long time = System.currentTimeMillis();   String timePattern = Long.toHexString(time);   int leftBit = 14 - timePattern.length();   if (leftBit > 0) { timePattern = "0000000000".substring(0, leftBit) + timePattern;   }   String uuid = timePattern + Long.toHexString(Double.doubleToLongBits(Math.random())) + Long.toHexString(Double.doubleToLongBits(Math.random())) + "000000000000000000";   uuid = uuid.substring(0, 32).toUpperCase();   return uuid; } }