Restlet - 基于JAX-RS的Restlet开发实例

1、示例说明

   版本:Restlet版本为2.1.0。

   另外:这个应该是才开始接触级别的示例,刚学者可以作为借鉴看看,大神请深藏您的功与名。


2、关于Restlet

 (1)、官网:http://restlet.org/

 (2)、原则:为所有“事物”即资源定义ID;将所有事物链接在一起;使用标准方法,即CRUD;资源多重表述;无状态通信。具体描述谷歌搜索。


3、创建Java Web工程,添加相关Jar。文中示例工程名为JAXRSRestlet



4、创建Model,示例为Student

public class Student {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Integer sex;
    private Integer age;
    public Student() {
    }
        /**setter/getter**/
}


5、创建BusinessObject类,示例虚拟了一个数据库和相应的一些操作

public class StudentBO {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    private static Map<Integer, Student> students = new HashMap<Integer, Student>();
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    // next Id
    private static int nextId = 5;
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    static {
        students.put(1, new Student(1, "Michael", 1, 18));
        students.put(2, new Student(2, "Anthony", 1, 22));
        students.put(3, new Student(3, "Isabella", 0, 19));
        students.put(4, new Student(4, "Aiden", 1, 20));
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    public Student getStudent(Integer id) {
        return students.get(id);
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    public List<Student> getStudentAll() {
        return new ArrayList<Student>(students.values());
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    public Integer saveOrUpdateStudent(Student student) {
        if (student.getId() == null) {
            student.setId(nextId++);
        }
        students.put(student.getId(), student);
        return student.getId();
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           
    public Integer removeStudent(Integer id) {
        students.remove(id);
        return id;
    }
}


6、创建对应的Resource类,具体看注释

//student路径进来的都会调用StudentResource来处理
@Path("student")
public class StudentResource {
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
    StudentBO studentBO = new StudentBO();
                                                                                                                                                                                                                    
    // 说明了http的方法是get方法
    @GET
    // 每个方法前都有对应path,用来申明对应uri路径
    @Path("{id}/xml")
    // 指定返回的数据格式为xml
    @Produces("application/xml")
     // 接受传递进来的id值,其中id为Path中的{id},注意定义的占位符与@PathParam要一致
    public Student getStudentXml(@PathParam("id") int id) {
        return studentBO.getStudent(id);
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    @GET
    @Path("{id}/json")
    @Produces("application/json")
    public Student getStudentJson(@PathParam("id") int id) {
        return studentBO.getStudent(id);
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
    @POST
    @Path("post")
    public String addStudent(Representation entity) {
        Form form = new Form(entity);
        String name = form.getFirstValue("name");
        int sex = Integer.parseInt(form.getFirstValue("sex"));
        int age = Integer.parseInt(form.getFirstValue("age"));
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setName(name);
        student.setSex(sex);
        student.setAge(age);
        int i = studentBO.saveOrUpdateStudent(student);
        return i + "";
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                      
    @PUT
    @Path("put")
    public String updateStudent(Representation entity) {
        Form form = new Form(entity);
        int id = Integer.parseInt(form.getFirstValue("id"));
        String name = form.getFirstValue("name");
        int sex = Integer.parseInt(form.getFirstValue("sex"));
        int age = Integer.parseInt(form.getFirstValue("age"));
        Student student = new Student();
        student.setId(id);
        student.setName(name);
        student.setSex(sex);
        student.setAge(age);
        int i = studentBO.saveOrUpdateStudent(student);
        return i + "";
    }
                                                                                                                                                                                                                   
}


7、扩展javax.ws.rs.core.Application类

public class StudentApplication extends Application {
    @Override
    public Set<Class<?>> getClasses() {
        Set<Class<?>> rrcs = new HashSet<Class<?>>();
        // 绑定StudentResource。有多个资源可以在这里绑定。
        rrcs.add(StudentResource.class);
        return rrcs;
    }
}


8、扩展org.restlet.ext.jaxrs.JaxRsApplication类

public class RestJaxRsApplication extends JaxRsApplication {
                                                                                                                                                                            
    public RestJaxRsApplication(Context context) {
        super(context);
        //将StudentApplication加入了运行环境中,如果有多个Application可以在此绑定
        this.add(new StudentApplication());
    }
                                                                                                                                                                            
}


9、web.xml配置

<context-param>
    <param-name>org.restlet.application</param-name>
    <param-value>app.RestJaxRsApplication</param-value>
</context-param>
<servlet>
    <servlet-name>RestletServlet</servlet-name>
    <servlet-class>org.restlet.ext.servlet.ServerServlet</servlet-class>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
    <servlet-name>RestletServlet</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>


10、Client端测试


/**
 * 示例使用了Junit,不用可以写Main方法
 */
public class Client {
    public static String url = "http://127.0.0.1:8080/JAXRSRestlet/";
                                                                                                                                                        
    @Test
    public void testGetXml() {
        ClientResource client = new ClientResource(url + "student/1/xml");
        try {
            System.out.println(client.get().getText());
        } catch (ResourceException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
                                                                                                                                                        
    @Test
    public void testGetJson() {
        ClientResource client = new ClientResource(url + "student/1/json");
        try {
            System.out.println(client.get().getText());
        } catch (ResourceException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
                                                                                                                                                        
    @Test
    public void testPost() {
        ClientResource client = new ClientResource(url + "student/post");
        try {
            Form form = new Form();
            form.add("name", "testPost");
            form.add("age", "0");
            form.add("sex", "39");
            String id = client.post(form.getWebRepresentation()).getText();
            System.out.println(id);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
                                                                                                                                                        
    @Test
    public void testPut() {
        ClientResource client = new ClientResource(url + "student/put");
        try {
            Form form = new Form();
            form.add("id", "1");
            form.add("name", "testPut");
            form.add("age", "22");
            form.add("sex", "0");
            String id = client.put(form.getWebRepresentation()).getText();
            System.out.println(id);
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
                                                                                                                                                        
    @Test
    public void testDelete() {
        ClientResource client = new ClientResource(url + "student/1");
        try {
            System.out.println(client.delete().getText());
        } catch (ResourceException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }
    }
                                                                                                                                                        
}

1、输出结果

 (1)、testGetXml():<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" standalone="yes"?>

     <Student><age>18</age><id>1</id><name>Michael</name><sex>1</sex></Student>

 (2)、testGetJson:{"id":1,"sex":1,"age":18,"name":"Michael"}

 (3)、testPut():1

     再调用testGetJson()传入{id}=1时:{"id":1,"sex":0,"age":22,"name":"testPut"}

 (4)、testPost():5

     再调用testGetJson()传入{id}=5时:{"id":5,"sex":39,"age":0,"name":"testPost"}




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