oracle 10g dataguard搭建步骤

一、主库操作

1、修改主库属性：

alter system force logging;

##查看状态

select FORCE_LOGGING from v$database;

2、修改数据库为归档模式：

archive log list;

shutdown immediate;

startup mount;

alter database archivelog;(alter database noarchivelog;关掉归档模式)

archive log list;

 

3、添加standby logfile(也可以不加)

为主数据库添加"备用联机日志文件"，这里要保证备日志文件与主库联机日志文件相同大小。

    添加备用日志文件是规则：

        备用日志最少应该比redo log 多一个。推荐的备重做日志数依赖于主数据库上的线程数。

        (每线程日志文件最大数目 + 1 ) * 线程数

      alter database add standby logfile 

 

        group 4('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo04b.log')size 50m,

 

        group 5('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo05b.log')size 50m,

        group 6('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo06b.log')size 50m,

        group 7('/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo07a.log','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/std_redo08b.dbf')size 50m;

 

 

否则备库在应用时报如下信息：

RFS[1]: No standby redo logfiles created

RFS[1]: Archived Log: '/oracle2/arch/1_30_633287861.dbf'

 

在主库添加完standby logfile后，当主库切换后备库后会自动使用备库的redo logfile，具体应用信息如下：

RFS[1]: Successfully opened standby log 4:'/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log'

RFS[1]: Successfully opened standby log 4: '/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/redo04.log'

 

4、修改主库参数文件：

10g.__db_cache_size=1207959552

10g.__java_pool_size=16777216

10g.__large_pool_size=16777216

10g.__shared_pool_size=352321536

10g.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'

*.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='10g'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri'     ###必须 定义每个数据库的唯一标识

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)'        ###必须

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)' DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gpri'        ###必须  本地的归档路径

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gstandby arch ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gstandby'               ###必须(远程服务器端的归档日志)

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

*.FAL_SERVER=10gpri       ###定义FAL服务器的Oracle Net服务的名称*.FAL_CLIENT=10gstandby    ### 定义备数据库的Oracle Net服务名     （这两个参数在主库可有可无，但备库必须有）   

*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=10gXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=1610612736

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump'

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO        ###设置为AUTO,使得当数据文件添加到主数据库或者从主数据库删除的时候,对应的修改能够在备用数据库中自动执行.

5、用pfile启动，再重新创建spfile.

shutdown immediate;

startup pfile='./pfile.pra';

create spfile from pfile='./pfile.ora';

shutdown immediate;

startup;

 

6、在主库创建密码文件、以及控制文件。

orapwd file=orapw10gstandby.ora password=change_on_install entries=10

alter database create standby database controlfile '/tmp/standby.ctl';

 

7、TNS信息如下：

主库

10g=

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )

 

10gpri=

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.224)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )  

 

 

10gstandby =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )   

 

8、对主库进行全库备份

run {

allocate channel t1 type disk;

allocate channel t2 type disk;

backup database format '/tmp/full_%s';

release channel t1;

release channel t2;

}

 

 

 

二、备库操作如下：

1、依照主库的数据文件位置，在备库上创建相应的目录结构（最好与主库一致）；

mkdir -p /oracle/app/oracle/oradata/....

 

2、通过FTP把在主库创建的密码文件、standby controlfile、full backup database文件到备库主机上。

 

3、备份的参数文件内容：

10g.__db_cache_size=1207959552

10g.__java_pool_size=16777216

10g.__large_pool_size=16777216

10g.__shared_pool_size=352321536

10g.__streams_pool_size=0

*.audit_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/adump'

*.background_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/bdump'

*.compatible='10.2.0.3.0'

*.control_files='/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control01.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control02.ctl','/oracle2/app/oracle/oradata/10g/control03.ctl'

*.core_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/cdump'

*.db_block_size=8192

*.db_domain=''

*.db_file_multiblock_read_count=16

*.db_name='10g'

*.DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby' ##

*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(10gpri,10gstandby)'   ##

*.log_archive_dest_1='location=/oracle2/arch/VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)'DB_UNIQUE_NAME='10gstandby'    ##

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_2='SERVICE=10gpri -arch ASYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=10gpri'       ##

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_1=ENABLE

*.LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE

*.FAL_SERVER=10gstandby                              ##

*.FAL_CLIENT=10gpri                                              

 

##*.db_recovery_file_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/flash_recovery_area'

*.db_recovery_file_dest_size=2147483648

*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=10gXDB)'

*.job_queue_processes=10

*.open_cursors=300

*.pga_aggregate_target=1707081728

*.processes=150

*.remote_login_passwordfile='EXCLUSIVE'

*.sga_target=1610612736

*.undo_management='AUTO'

*.undo_tablespace='UNDOTBS1'

*.user_dump_dest='/oracle2/app/oracle/admin/10g/udump'

*.STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT=AUTO               ##

 

4、分别对备库进行全库恢复，并启动到standby database mount状态下。

用PFILE文件起动到nomount状态下，恢复控制文件;起动到mount状态下，然后再恢复全库。

5、TNS信息如下：

10g=

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )

 

10gpri=

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.224)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )  

 

 10gstandby =

  (DESCRIPTION =

    (ADDRESS_LIST =

      (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.169.1.204)(PORT = 1921))

    )

    (CONNECT_DATA =

      (SID = 10g)

    )

  )   

用TNSPING 对方是否通。

6、修改备库处于应用归档状态

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect fromsession;  

 

如果主库从不过来归档，可以通过在主库侧手工修改参数如下：

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2='DEFER' SCOPE=MEMORY;

ALTER SYSTEM SET log_archive_dest_state_2='ENABLE' SCOPE=MEMORY;

 

7、测试

通过在主库执行alter system switch logfile;切换日志可以观察到备库会自动应用通过主库传过来的日志。

 

三、切换测试

1、在主库端

select switchover_stats from v$database;

如果是to standby  表可以正常切换.

直接执行ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBY;

否则执行: ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PHYSICAL STANDBYWITH SESSION SHUTDOWN;

 

shutdown immediate;

startup nomount;

alter database mount standby database;

 

2、在备库

在备库

SELECT SWITCHOVER_STATUS FROM V$DATABASE; 

如果是to_primary  表可以正常切换.

执行:ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY;

否则执行: ALTER DATABASE COMMIT TO SWITCHOVER TO PRIMARY WITHSESSION SHUTDOWN;

 

shutdown immediate;

startup;

 

然后观察主备库日志,如果正常的话会看到备库会自动应用日志.

 

转载：http://bbs.chinaunix.net/thread-998901-1-1.html

 

另荐：小步老师oracle dataguard快速搭建视频：http://www.boobooke.com/v/bbk3476/