Oracle-Dataguard-CDB指定PDB同步
前言:
CDB容器数据库在部署Dataguard备库时，有时我们只想同步指定的PDB排除哪些不重要的或者数据量大的PDB，这种方式Dataguard是可以支持实现的，但需要通过参数设置以及专门的部署步骤。
本文接下来将主要介绍如何通过参数设置以及专门的部署步骤实现CDB容器数据库在配置DG备库时只同步指定的PDB。
数据库环境：
| db_role | ip | uniq_name | root_db | pdb |
| primary | 192.168.146.2 | orcl | CDB$ROOT | PDB$SEED pdb pdb1 pdb3 |
| standby | 192.168.146.3 | orcldg | CDB$ROOT | pdb1 |
部署步骤:
1 检查数据库开启归档以及force_logging
---数据库开启归档模式
archive log list
---对于cdb容器数据库，该参数在cdb容器设置即可
select force_logging from v$database;
alter database force logging;2 检查并开启SYS远程登录
---确认参数remote_login_passwordfile为EXCLUSIVE,对于cdb容器数据库，该参数在cdb容器设置即可
show parameter remote_login_passwordfile3 配置主备TNS
---主库tns（每个节点都设置）
orcl =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.146.2)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcl)
)
)
---备库tns（每个节点都设置）
orcldg=
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST =192.168.146.3)(PORT = 1521))
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVER = DEDICATED)
(SERVICE_NAME = orcldg)
)
)4 主库参数配置
---备份spfile
create pfile='/tmp/initorcl.bak' from spfile;
---设置当前DG主备库对应唯一名
alter system set log_archive_config='dg_config=(orcl,orcldg)' scope=both sid='*';
---设置主库到备库的投递链路
alter system set log_archive_dest_2=
'service=orcldg LGWR ASYNC NOAFFIRM delay=0 optional
compression=disable max_failure=0 reopen=30
net_timeout=300 valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
db_unique_name=orcldg' scope=both sid='*';
---设置捕获归档日志的对应的主备客户端TNS
alter system set fal_client=orcl scope=both sid='*';
alter system set fal_server=orcldg scope=both sid='*';
---设置备库文件自动管理，以确保新增数据文件能同步到备库
alter system set standby_file_management=AUTO scope=both sid='*';
---设置omf文件路径，可以确保主备数据数据文件存放路径不一致时，备库可通过omf自动在新路径生成数据文件
alter system set db_create_file_dest='/u01/app/oracle/oradata' scope=both sid='*';5 文件配置
---把主库的密码文件远程拷贝到备库的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下面，再修改成orapw$SID的方式
scp -rp $ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcl [email protected]:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/orapworcldg
---把主库新转出的pfile文件远程拷贝到备库的$ORACLE_HOME/dbs下面
create pfile='/tmp/initorcldg.ora' from spfile;
scp -rp /tmp/initorcldg.ora [email protected]:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs/initorcldg.ora6 备库参数配置
---备库修改从主库拷贝过来的参数文件
---参数文件修改
*.audit_file_dest=/u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/adump
*.control_files='/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/controlfile/control01.ctl'
*.dispatchers='(PROTOCOL=TCP) (SERVICE=orcldgXDB)'
*.fal_client='ORCLDG'
*.fal_server='ORCL'
*.log_archive_dest_2='service=orcl LGWR ASYNC NOAFFIRM delay=0 optional
compression=disable max_failure=0 reopen=30
net_timeout=300 valid_for=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)
db_unique_name=orcl'
*.standby_file_management='AUTO'
*.log_archive_dest_1='/u01/app/oracle/archive'
---内存参数，进程数，根据实际需求按比例减
*.sga_max_size
*.shared_pool_size
*.db_cache_size
*.large_pool_size
*.pga_aggregate_target
*.processes
*.sessions
---添加参数
*.db_unique_name=orcldg
#添加要DG同步的pdb名称
*.ENABLED_PDBS_ON_STANDBY=pdb17 备库目录创建
su - oracle
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/admin/orcldg/adump
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/controlfile
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/onlinelog
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/tempfile8 启动备库实例
---nomount启动备库实例
export ORACLE_SID=orcldg
sqlplus / as sysdba
startup nomount
---生成spfile文件
create spfile from pfile;
shutdown immediate;
startup nomount;9 备份根容器root以及要同步的pdb
backup format '/home/oracle/backup/root_%U' database root ;
backup format '/home/oracle/backup/pdb_%U' pluggable database pdb1 plus archivelog;
---将备份拷贝到备库相同目录下
scp -rp /home/oracle/backup [email protected]:/home/oracle/10 备库控制文件standby controlfile
alter database create standby controlfile as '/tmp/controlstd.ctl';
---把主库的控制文件远程拷贝到备库控制文件路径的下面
scp -rp /tmp/controlstd.ctl [email protected]:/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/controlfile/control01.ctl11 将备库启动到mount
alter database mount;12 进行全备恢复
select con_id,name from v$pdbs
CON_ID NAME
---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2 PDB$SEED
3 PDB
4 PDB1
6 PDB3
---批量生成根容器root(con_id=1)以及pdb容器pdb1(con_id=4)的路径修改命令
set pagesize 0
set linesize 200
select 'set newname for datafile '||file#||' to '''||replace(name,'ORCL','ORCLDG')||''';' from v$datafile where con_id in (1,4);
set pagesize 0
set linesize 200
select 'set newname for tempfile '||file#||' to '''||replace(name,'ORCL','ORCLDG')||''';' from v$tempfile where con_id in (1,4);
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_system_khpomwxx_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_khponp2n_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_khpoo54z_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_users_khpoo66v_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 13 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_system_khppx4x7_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 14 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_khppx4xg_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 15 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_khppx4xh_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 16 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_users_khppxbgj_.dbf';
set newname for tempfile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_temp_khpoppd2_.tmp';
set newname for tempfile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_temp_khppx4xh_.dbf';
---语句批量生成跳过表空间
set pagesize 400
set linesize 400
select listagg('"'||b.name||'"'||':'||a.name||',')
from v$tablespace a,v$containers b
where a.con_id=b.con_id and b.name not in ('CDB$ROOT','PDB1');
"PDB$SEED":SYSTEM,"PDB$SEED":SYSAUX,"PDB$SEED":UNDOTBS1,"PDB$SEED":TEMP,"PDB":SYSAUX,"PDB":SYSTEM,"PDB":UNDOTBS1,"PDB":USERS,"PDB":TEMP,"PDB3":SYSTEM,"PDB3":UNDOTBS1,"PDB3":SYSAUX,"PDB3":TEMP,
---创建备份目录
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile
mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile
---进行备份恢复
rman target /
run
{
set newname for datafile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_system_khpomwxx_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 3 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_khponp2n_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_khpoo54z_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 7 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_users_khpoo66v_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 13 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_system_khppx4x7_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 14 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_sysaux_khppx4xg_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 15 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_undotbs1_khppx4xh_.dbf';
set newname for datafile 16 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_users_khppxbgj_.dbf';
set newname for tempfile 1 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/datafile/o1_mf_temp_khpoppd2_.tmp';
set newname for tempfile 4 to '/u01/app/oracle/oradata/ORCLDG/E658EB1E89977B15E0536401A8C0D7D3/datafile/o1_mf_temp_khppx4xh_.dbf';
restore database root;
restore pluggable database PDB1;
switch datafile all;
switch tempfile all;
recover database skip forever tablespace "PDB$SEED":SYSTEM,"PDB$SEED":SYSAUX,"PDB$SEED":UNDOTBS1,"PDB$SEED":TEMP,"PDB":SYSAUX,"PDB":SYSTEM,"PDB":UNDOTBS1,"PDB":USERS,"PDB":TEMP,"PDB3":SYSTEM,"PDB3":UNDOTBS1,"PDB3":SYSAUX,"PDB3":TEMP;
}13 添加standby log
alter database ADD standby logfile thread 1 group 21 size 200M ;
alter database ADD standby logfile thread 1 group 22 size 200M ;
alter database ADD standby logfile thread 1 group 23 size 200M ;14 打开根容器
alter database open;15 禁用其他容器(除了root,pdb1)的恢复
alter session set container=PDB$SEED;
alter pluggable database PDB$SEED disable recovery;
alter session set container=PDB;
alter pluggable database PDB disable recovery;
alter session set container=PDB3;
alter pluggable database PDB3 disable recovery;16 打开容器pdb1
alter pluggable database pdb1 open;17 启动mrp进程
alter database recover managed standby database using current logfile disconnect from session parallel 8;18 检查备库同步
---实时同步中
select * from v$dataguard_stats
SOURCE_DBID SOURCE_DB_UNIQUE_NAME NAME VALUE UNIT TIME_COMPUTED DATUM_TIME CON_ID
----------- -------------------------------- -------------------------------- ---------------------------------------------------------------- ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------------------ ----------
1640672463 orcl transport lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 08/19/2022 22:51:10 08/19/2022 22:51:09 0
1640672463 orcl apply lag +00 00:00:00 day(2) to second(0) interval 08/19/2022 22:51:10 08/19/2022 22:51:09 0
1640672463 orcl apply finish time day(2) to second(3) interval 08/19/2022 22:51:10 0
0 estimated startup time 13 second 08/19/2022 22:51:10 019 测试数据同步
---在主库pdb1创建表
SQL> select database_role from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE
----------------
PRIMARY
SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;
Session altered.
SQL> create table test as select * from dba_objects;
Table created.
---在备库可以查到
SQL> select database_role from v$database;
DATABASE_ROLE
----------------
PHYSICAL STANDBY
SQL> alter session set container=pdb1;
Session altered.
SQL> select count(*) from test;
COUNT(*)
----------
72356
---在主库pdb3创建表，备库没有同步，并且同步状态正常