spring mvc 与JPA/Hibernate的整合示例

一、首先通过maven加入spring、jpa和hibernate相关的jar包。如pom.xml:
Java代码  收藏代码
    <project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
      xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/maven-v4_0_0.xsd"> 
      <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> 
      <groupId> cn.ibeans</groupId> 
      <artifactId>ibeans</artifactId> 
      <packaging>war</packaging> 
      <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> 
      <name>myweb Maven Webapp</name> 
      <url>http://maven.apache.org</url> 
                   
      <!-- 定义相关属性 --> 
      <properties> 
        <jdk-version>1.6</jdk-version> 
        <junit-version>4.11</junit-version> 
        <spring-version>3.2.2.RELEASE</spring-version> 
      </properties> 
                   
      <!-- 定义依赖包 --> 
      <dependencies> 
        <!-- spring begin--> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-core</artifactId> 
            <version>${spring-version}</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId> 
            <version>${spring-version}</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-web</artifactId> 
            <version>${spring-version}</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId> 
            <version>${spring-version}</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-context</artifactId> 
            <version>${spring-version}</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.springframework.data</groupId> 
            <artifactId>spring-data-jpa</artifactId> 
            <version>1.3.2.RELEASE</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- spring end --> 
                     
                     
        <!-- servlet begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId> 
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId> 
            <version>3.0-alpha-1</version> 
            <scope>provided</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- servlet end --> 
                     
                     
        <!-- junit begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>junit</groupId> 
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId> 
            <version>${junit-version}</version> 
            <scope>test</scope> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- junit end --> 
                     
                     
        <!-- hibernate begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
            <artifactId>hibernate-core</artifactId> 
            <version>4.2.1.Final</version> 
        </dependency> 
            <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
            <artifactId>hibernate-entitymanager</artifactId> 
            <version>4.2.1.Final</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.hibernate.common</groupId> 
            <artifactId>hibernate-commons-annotations</artifactId> 
            <version>4.0.1.Final</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.hibernate</groupId> 
            <artifactId>hibernate-validator</artifactId> 
            <version>5.0.0.Final</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- hibernate end --> 
                     
                     
        <!--logger begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
            <artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId> 
            <version>1.7.5</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
            <artifactId>jcl-over-slf4j</artifactId> 
            <version>1.7.5</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>org.slf4j</groupId> 
            <artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId> 
            <version>1.7.5</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- logger end --> 
                     
                     
        <!-- database begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>mysql</groupId> 
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> 
            <version>5.1.25</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- database end --> 
                     
                     
        <!-- apache commons begin --> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId> 
            <artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId> 
            <version>20030825.184428</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>commons-pool</groupId> 
            <artifactId>commons-pool</artifactId> 
            <version>20030825.183949</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <dependency> 
            <groupId>commons-collections</groupId> 
            <artifactId>commons-collections</artifactId> 
            <version>2.1</version> 
        </dependency> 
        <!-- apache commons end --> 
      </dependencies> 
                   
      <!-- 配置构建 --> 
      <build> 
        <finalName>ibeans</finalName> 
      </build> 
    </project> 
2、配置applicationContext.xml中的实体管理工厂和事务机制:
Java代码  收藏代码
    <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> 
    <beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" 
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"  
        xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"   
        xmlns:jee="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee"  
        xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" 
        xmlns:jpa="http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa" 
        xsi:schemaLocation=" 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.2.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee http://www.springframework.org/schema/jee/spring-jee-3.2.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsd 
            http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa http://www.springframework.org/schema/data/jpa/spring-jpa.xsd" 
        default-lazy-init="true"> 
                 
        <description>Spring公共配置 </description> 
                 
        <!-- 使用annotation 自动注册bean, 并保证@Required、@Autowired的属性被注入 --> 
        <context:component-scan base-package="cn.ibeans"> 
            <context:exclude-filter type="annotation" expression="org.springframework.stereotype.Controller"/> 
        </context:component-scan> 
                 
        <!-- JPA实体管理工厂的配置 --> 
        <bean id="entityManagerFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.LocalContainerEntityManagerFactoryBean">  
            <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/> 
            <property name="jpaVendorAdapter" ref="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter"/> 
            <property name="packagesToScan" value="cn.ibeans"/><!--待扫描的实体类包，不再需要persistence.xml了--> 
            <property name="jpaProperties"> 
                <props> 
                    <prop key="hibernate.ejb.naming_strategy">org.hibernate.cfg.ImprovedNamingStrategy</prop> 
                    <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop> 
                    <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop> 
                </props> 
            </property> 
        </bean> 
                     
        <!--指定实现JPA的适配器--> 
        <bean id="hibernateJpaVendorAdapter" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.vendor.HibernateJpaVendorAdapter"> 
            <property name="databasePlatform" value="org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect" /> 
        </bean> 
                     
        <!-- Jpa 事务配置 --> 
        <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.jpa.JpaTransactionManager"> 
            <property name="entityManagerFactory" ref="entityManagerFactory"/> 
        </bean> 
                     
        <!-- Spring Data Jpa配置 --> 
        <!-- 
        <jpa:repositories base-package="cn.ibeans"  transaction-manager-ref="transactionManager" entity-manager-factory-ref="entityManagerFactory"/> 
        --> 
        <!-- 使用annotation定义事务 --> 
        <tx:annotation-driven transaction-manager="transactionManager" proxy-target-class="true" /> 
                 
        <!-- JSR303 Validator定义 --> 
        <bean id="validator" class="org.springframework.validation.beanvalidation.LocalValidatorFactoryBean" /> 
                     
        <!-- production环境 --> 
        <beans profile="production"> 
            <context:property-placeholder ignore-unresolvable="true" location="classpath*:/db.properties" />   
                         
            <!-- 数据源配置, 使用DBCP数据库连接池 --> 
            <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> 
                <!-- Connection Info --> 
                <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> 
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> 
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> 
                         
                <!-- Connection Pooling Info --> 
                <property name="maxActive" value="${dbcp.maxActive}" /> 
                <property name="maxIdle" value="${dbcp.maxIdle}" /> 
                <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" /> 
                <!-- 连接Idle一个小时后超时 --> 
                <property name="timeBetweenEvictionRunsMillis" value="3600000" /> 
                <property name="minEvictableIdleTimeMillis" value="3600000" /> 
            </bean> 
                         
            <!-- 数据源配置,使用应用服务器的数据库连接池 --> 
            <!--<jee:jndi-lookup id="dataSource" jndi-name="java:comp/env/jdbc/ExampleDB" />--> 
        </beans> 
                     
        <!-- local development环境 --> 
        <beans profile="development"> 
            <context:property-placeholder ignore-resource-not-found="true" 
                location="classpath*:/db.properties, 
                          classpath*:/db_dev.properties" />   
                 
            <!-- DBCP连接池 --> 
            <bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource" destroy-method="close"> 
                <property name="driverClassName" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> 
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> 
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> 
                <property name="defaultAutoCommit" value="false" /> 
            </bean> 
        </beans> 
                     
        <!-- unit test环境 --> 
        <beans profile="test"> 
            <context:property-placeholder ignore-resource-not-found="true" 
                location="classpath*:/db_test.properties" />  
                         
            <!-- Simple连接池 --> 
            <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.SimpleDriverDataSource"> 
                <property name="driverClass" value="${jdbc.driver}" /> 
                <property name="url" value="${jdbc.url}" /> 
                <property name="username" value="${jdbc.username}" /> 
                <property name="password" value="${jdbc.password}" /> 
            </bean> 
                 
            <!-- 初始化数据表结构 与默认数据--> 
            <jdbc:initialize-database data-source="dataSource" ignore-failures="ALL"> 
                <jdbc:script location="classpath:sql/h2/schema.sql" /> 
                <jdbc:script location="classpath:data/import-data.sql" encoding="UTF-8"/> 
            </jdbc:initialize-database> 
        </beans> 
    </beans> 
定义实体类：User.java
Java代码  收藏代码
    package cn.ibeans.web.model; 
                 
    import java.io.Serializable; 
                 
    import javax.persistence.Column; 
    import javax.persistence.Entity; 
    import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; 
    import javax.persistence.Id; 
    import javax.persistence.Table; 
                 
    import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator; 
                 
    @Entity 
    @Table(name="i_user") 
    public class User implements Serializable{ 
        private String id; 
        private String username; 
        private String password; 
                     
        @Id 
        @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid") 
        @GenericGenerator(name="system-uuid",strategy="uuid") 
        public String getId() { 
            return id; 
        } 
        public void setId(String id) { 
            this.id = id; 
        } 
                     
        @Column(name="username") 
        public String getUsername() { 
            return username; 
        } 
        public void setUsername(String username) { 
            this.username = username; 
        } 
                     
        @Column(name="password") 
        public String getPassword() { 
            return password; 
        } 
        public void setPassword(String password) { 
            this.password = password; 
        } 
                     
    } 
3、定义dao接口，只需定义接口方法即可，不用加任何注解
Java代码  收藏代码
    package cn.ibeans.dao; 
                 
    import cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
                 
    public interface UserDao { 
                 
        User findByName(String name); 
                 
        User findByLoginName(String loginName); 
                     
        void saveOrUpdate(User user); 
    } 
4、定义dao实现类。用@Repository注解类，并将EntityManager作为成员变量注入，注入方法是加@PersistenceContext
Java代码  收藏代码
    package cn.ibeans.dao.impl; 
                 
    import javax.persistence.EntityManager; 
    import javax.persistence.PersistenceContext; 
                 
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository; 
                 
    import cn.ibeans.dao.UserDao; 
    import cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
                 
    @Repository 
    public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao { 
                     
        @PersistenceContext 
        private EntityManager em; 
                 
        @Override 
        public User findByName(String name) { 
            return null; 
        } 
                 
        @Override 
        public User findByLoginName(String loginName) { 
            return null; 
        } 
                 
        @Override 
        public void saveOrUpdate(User user) { 
            em.persist(user); 
        } 
                 
    } 
5、定义service类。可直接写实现类
用@Component或@Service注释类，将dao接口作为成员变量注入，注入方法是加@Autowired
如果是写方法，需在方法上加@Transactional(readOnly=false)注解
Java代码  收藏代码
    package cn.ibeans.service; 
                 
    import javax.annotation.Resource; 
                 
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Component; 
    import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional; 
                 
    import cn.ibeans.dao.UserDao; 
    import cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
                 
    @Component 
    public class UserService { 
        private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(UserService.class); 
        @Autowired 
        private UserDao userDao; 
                     
        @Transactional(readOnly=false) 
        public void saveUser(User user){ 
            userDao.saveOrUpdate(user); 
            logger.debug(user.getUsername()+",保存成功！"); 
        } 
    } 
6、定义action
用@Controller注释action类，如果需为该action中所有方法指定一个共用的上层路径名，则需用@RequestMapping(value="/user")注释该类。表示该类下的所有访求均要通过/user/**来访问
将service类作为成员变量注入action。注入方法是加@Autowired
用@RequestMapping(value="/save")注释action的方法。
Java代码  收藏代码
    package cn.ibeans.web.controller; 
                 
    import javax.servlet.ServletContext; 
    import javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet; 
                 
    import org.apache.log4j.Logger; 
    import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired; 
    import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller; 
    import org.springframework.ui.Model; 
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute; 
    import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping; 
    import org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoader; 
    import org.springframework.web.context.WebApplicationContext; 
                 
    import cn.ibeans.service.UserService; 
    import cn.ibeans.web.model.User; 
                 
    @Controller 
    @RequestMapping(value="/user") 
    public class LoginController extends HttpServlet{ 
        private static Logger log = Logger.getLogger(LoginController.class); 
                     
        @Autowired 
        private UserService userService; 
                     
                 
        //@RequestMapping(value="/login")   //如果类级别上已有映射地址（/user），此处的完整请求地址是/user/login 
        public String doLogin(Model model,Object loginForm){ 
            //model.addAttribute("username",username);  //model被用来封装数据，向前台传递 
            WebApplicationContext context = ContextLoader.getCurrentWebApplicationContext(); 
            ServletContext sc = context.getServletContext(); 
                         
            return "/welcome"; 
        } 
                     
        @RequestMapping(value="/login") 
        public String login(@ModelAttribute User user,Model model){ 
            log.info(user.getUsername()); 
            model.addAttribute(user); 
            return "/welcome"; 
        } 
                     
        @RequestMapping(value="/save") 
        public String save(@ModelAttribute User user,Model model){ 
            log.info(user.getUsername()); 
            userService.saveUser(user); 
            model.addAttribute(user); 
            return "/welcome"; 
        } 
    } 
7、发起请示的页面
请示的url应该是上下文根路径+action类路径+方法路径
Java代码  收藏代码
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" pageEncoding="utf-8"%> 
     <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
     <html> 
     <head> 
     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 
     <title>Insert title here</title> 
     </head> 
     <body> 
         <div> 
             <form action="/ibeans/user/save" methed="post"> 
                 <input type="text" name="username"> 
                 <input type="text" name="password"> 
                 <input type="submit" value="SUBMIT"> 
             </form> 
         </div> 
     </body> 
     </html> 
8、转发目的页面
可以通过引用action方法里定义的mode属性来获取相关的数据。
welcome.jsp:
Java代码  收藏代码
    <%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8" 
        pageEncoding="utf-8"%> 
    <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"> 
    <html> 
    <head> 
    <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"> 
    <title>Insert title here</title> 
    </head> 
    <body> 
       ${user.username },你好！  
    </body> 
    </html>

http://ll-feng.iteye.com/blog/1908511