使用MMM搭建Mysql同步高可用性

使用MMM搭建Mysql同步高可用性

使用MMM搭建Mysql同步高可用性 先介绍下MMM MMM是 mysql-master-master的缩写。 MMM项目来自 Google：[url]http://code.google.com/p/mysql-master-master[/url] MySQL本身没有提供replication failover的解决方案，那么如何使Replication方案具有HA的功能呢，那就是MMM。 大家都知道mysql的同步机制在解决实际问题上具有很高的可行性，特别对读写负载比较高的web2.0来说，那么在实际应用中必须保证mysql的稳定性及性能。 Master-Master Replication 1、使用两个MySQL数据库db1,db2，互为Master和Slave，即： 一边db1作为db2的master，一旦有数据写向db0时，db2定时从db1更新 另一边db2也作为db1的master，一旦有数据写向db2时，db1也定时从db2获得更新 2、但从AppServer的角度来说，同时只有一个结点db1扮演Master，另外一个结点db2扮演Slave，不能同时两个结点扮演Master。即AppSever总是把write操作分配某个数据库(db1)，除非db1 failed，被切换。 3、如果扮演Slave的数据库结点db2 Failed了： a)此时appServer要能够把所有的read,write分配给db1，read操作不再指向db2 b)一旦db2恢复过来后，继续充当Slave角色，并告诉AppServer可以将read分配给它了 4、如果扮演Master的数据库结点db1 Failed了 a)此时appServer要能够把所有的写操作从db1切换分配给db2，也就是切换Master由db2充当 b)db1恢复过来后，充当Slave的角色，Master由db2继续扮演 MMM利用了虚拟IP的技术：1个网卡可以同时使用多个IP。 (所以使用MMM时，需要2*n+1个IP，n为mysql数据库结点个数，包括master,slave) MMM有3个重要的器件: 1、mmmd_mon    -     数据库控制节点运行。 2、mmm_control -  数据库控制节点运行。 3、mmmd_agent  -     数据库节点（master/slave）运行。 本文环境： server1 ip: 192.168.1.225 ; virtual read ip:192.168.1.229 server2 ip: 192.168.1.226 ; virtual read ip:192.168.1.230 server3 ip: 192.168.1.227 virtual write ip: 192.168.1.231 配置过程很简单， server1 server2 replication双向 master-master server1 server2 安装mmm并配置mmm_agent.conf server3 安装mmm并配置mmm_mon.conf 1，首先我们要先配置好master-master双向同步，这一步就不多说了。 2，安装部署MMM 3台服务器都要安装MMM软件，安装过程如下： 安装如下perl模块，为MMM安装做好准备， cpan Algorithm::Diff cpan Proc::Daemon cpan Time::HiRes cpan DBI cpan DBD::mysql wget [url]http://mysql-master-master.googlecode.com/files/mmm-1.0-pre2.tar.bz2[/url] tar xzf mmm-1.0-pre2.tar.bz2 cd mmm-1.0-pre2 ./install.pl 3，在server1上配置MMM 修改配置 /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_agent.conf，如下： # # Master-Master Manager config (agent) # # Debug mode debug no # Paths pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd_agent.pid bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin # Logging setup log mydebug file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log level debug log mytraps file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log level trap # MMMD command socket tcp-port and ip bind_port 9989 # Cluster interface cluster_interface eth0 # Define current server id this db1 mode master # For masters peer db2 # Cluster hosts addresses and access params host db1 ip 192.168.1.225 port 3306 user rep_agent password RepAgent host db2 ip 192.168.1.226 port 3306 user rep_agent password RepAgent GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'rep_agent'@'%′ identified by 'RepAgent'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'rep_monitor'@'%' identified by 'RepMonitor'; 3，在server2上配置MMM 修改配置 /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_agent.conf，如下： # # Master-Master Manager config (agent) # # Debug mode debug no # Paths pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd_agent.pid bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin # Logging setup log mydebug file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log level debug log mytraps file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log level trap # MMMD command socket tcp-port and ip bind_port 9989 # Cluster interface cluster_interface eth0 # Define current server id this db2 mode master # For masters peer db1 # Cluster hosts addresses and access params host db1 ip 192.168.1.225 port 3306 user rep_agent password RepAgent host db2 ip 192.168.1.226 port 3306 user rep_agent password RepAgent GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'rep_agent'@'%′ identified by 'RepAgent'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES on *.* to 'rep_monitor'@'%' identified by 'RepMonitor'; 3，在server3上配置MMM 修改配置 /usr/local/mmm/etc/mmm_mon.conf，如下： # # Master-Master Manager config (monitor) # # Debug mode debug no # Paths pid_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.pid status_path /usr/local/mmm/var/mmmd.status bin_path /usr/local/mmm/bin # Logging setup log mydebug     file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-debug.log     level debug log mytraps     file /usr/local/mmm/var/mmm-traps.log     level trap     email root@localhost # MMMD command socket tcp-port bind_port 9988 agent_port 9989 monitor_ip 127.0.0.1 # Cluster interface cluster_interface eth0 # Cluster hosts addresses and access params host db1     ip 192.168.1.225     port 3306     user rep_monitor     password RepMonitor     mode master     peer db2 host db2     ip 192.168.1.226     port 3306     user rep_monitor     password RepMonitor     mode master     peer db1 # # Define roles # active_master_role writer # Mysql Reader role role reader     mode balanced     servers db1, db2     ip 192.168.1.229, 192.168.1.230 # Mysql Writer role role writer     mode exclusive     servers db1, db2     ip 192.168.1.231 # # Checks parameters # # Ping checker check ping     check_period 1     trap_period 5     timeout 2 # Mysql checker # (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks) check mysql     check_period 1     trap_period  2     timeout 2     restart_after 10000 # Mysql replication backlog checker # (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks) check rep_backlog     check_period 5     trap_period 10     max_backlog 60     timeout 2     restart_after 10000 # Mysql replication threads checker # (restarts after 10000 checks to prevent memory leaks) check rep_threads     check_period 1     trap_period 5     timeout 2     restart_after 10000          启动 server1 与 server2上分别启动mmmd_agent [root@localhost ~]# mmmd_agent [root@localhost ~]# netstat -tlnp Active Internet connections (only servers) Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address               Foreign Address             State       PID/Program name   tcp        0      0 0.0.0.0:9989                0.0.0.0:*                   LISTEN      26010/perl  出现9989端口说明启动成功。 server3上启动mmmd_mon [root@localhost etc]# mmmd_mon Reading config file: 'mmm_mon.conf' $VAR1 = {           'db2' => {                      'roles' => [                                   'reader(192.168.1.229;)'                                 ],                      'version' => '0',                      'state' => 'ONLINE'                    },           'db1' => {                      'roles' => [                                   'reader(192.168.1.230;)',                                   'writer(192.168.1.231;)'                                 ],                      'version' => '0',                      'state' => 'ONLINE'                    }         }; Role: 'reader(192.168.1.229;)' Adding role: 'reader' with ip '192.168.1.229' Role: 'reader(192.168.1.230;)' Adding role: 'reader' with ip '192.168.1.230' Role: 'writer(192.168.1.231;)' Adding role: 'writer' with ip '192.168.1.231' 在管理节点上（server3）启动db节点： mmm_control set_online db1 mmm_control set_online db2 查看下节点状态： [root@localhost etc]# mmm_control show Config file: mmm_mon.conf Daemon is running! Servers status:   db1(192.168.1.225): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.230;), writer(192.168.1.231;)   db2(192.168.1.226): master/ONLINE. Roles: reader(192.168.1.229;) OK,能看到这个效果说明你已经配置成功了，下面就可以随心所欲的折腾mysql的异常状态，来进行测试。